Bean curd is also known as bean curd and long cowpea, and its cultivation has a long history. The total area of Guangdong cultivation of bean curd is very large, and the key is supplied for sale from April to December. Doujiao sales market demand is large, production and manufacturing of high economic benefits, into many regions of China's key vegetables and fruits crops. Planting bean curd should be based on the climate and market demand throughout the country to select improved varieties. In our country planting white bean curd can pick harvest three, harvest four, jindi bean curd and other species, planting oil green bean curd can be used harvest two bean curd species, planting green bean curd can be used special green bean curd species.
I, seeding seedlings are generally selected live. But the early spring ultra-low temperatures have the standard can be used in greenhouses or small plastic greenhouses in the way of seedling transplantation, sowing about 8 to 10 days after the first pair of out of the leaf to be planted immediately. You can also cover the beds with mulch after sowing to raise the soil temperature.
Two, reasonable dense planting to select the topography of the higher drainage excellent, neutral or slightly acidic and alkaline soil or sandy soil field planting, in the tilling that the concave groove raised beds, bed soil should be deep drying white. Guangdong area general bed width (package ditch) 1.5 ~ 1.8 meters, double row planting, each hole sowing 2 grains, plant spacing 15 centimeters up and down. Can also be intercropped with leafy vegetables, the choice of single-row planting, bedside inter-planting vegetables and fruits such as choy sum, Chinese cabbage.
Three, effective fertilization should pay attention to the application of adequate bottom fertilizer, generally mu 1000 ~ 1500KG of organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer 50KG, ammonium sulfate 20 ~ 30KG. seedling period can be applied 1 ~ 2 times thinner water of human feces and urine. Blooming pods period should be immediately reapplied fertilizer to avoid aging, 1 mu fertilizer compound fertilizer 20KG, and then every 7 to 10 days fertilizer 1 time. Necessary to carry out extra-root fertilization to reduce flower drop pods. After the pods, liquid fertilizer management methods should be effectively strengthened to promote the main stem "flower", increase the picking period, enhance the production of bean curd.
Four, bamboo cited vine seedlings 25 centimeters high, should be immediately inserted bamboo, cited vine. Bamboo method varies with the planting method, the general choice of fence wall frame, herringbone frame. Build herringbone frame firm, more impact resistant, pods are not easy to meet the leaves when slack, can reduce the pod borer injury. Lead vine time is generally carried out after 10 o'clock in the morning on a sunny day, according to the anti-seconds orientation of the vine coiled on the hedge bamboo.
Key points for high-yield bean curd plantingOne, cultivation season
Bean curd in China south of the Yangtze River throughout the country, spring, summer, fall can be cultivated, growth and development of a long time; it is important to be based on a variety of climatic conditions, the use of moderate species. Bean curd is generally divided into spring cultivation and fall and winter cultivation. Spring cultivation in mid-late February to mid-late March seedlings, mid-late March to mid-late April planting, early June to mid-late August picking, mid-late July to early August seed. Fall and winter cultivation is sown from mid to late May to early August, and harvested from mid to early July to mid to late October.
Second, mulch cover
(1)Selection of species: The most common species of bean curd cultivation is cowpea 28-2, which can be used for mulch cover cultivation in spring.
(2) sowing period: the suitable low limit temperature for bean seeding is 14℃, and it should be sown when the temperature is stable according to 4℃ around the frost break. Bean seeding methods and beans (beans) planting methods, the choice of high ridge low hole seeding after covering the agricultural film method of sowing. Row spacing 65 centimeters, hole spacing 18 to 25 centimeters, 1 mu sowing 4000 to 5000 holes, each hole sowing 2 to 4 seeds, sowing volume 2 to 3 KG.
(3) Cultivation techniques: the key to pay attention to wipe out the first inflorescence below the side buds, the first inflorescence above the bud top buds at the same time with the birth of a mixture of buds in the top buds; the middle and upper end of the branch to see buds to hit the top. At the same time, pay attention to the main vine climbed to the top of the frame immediately after the main vine top dial through, to stimulate the growth and development of lateral vines, lateral vines see flower buds after still topping.
(4) picking: bean curd is picked immediately after the pods are long enough. Delayed picking time seed Peng big, reduce the quality of the product, and at the same time also jeopardize the subsequent pod growth and development. Be careful not to damage other inflorescences, flower buds, and trailing leaves when picking.
Planting planting
Three, planting planting, before planting the street should be watered, deep loosening, fusion soil turnover under the burial of cake fertilizer 5000-10000KG, phosphate fertilizer 50-75KG or diammonium phosphate 50KG, potash 15 -25KG; reasonable dense planting, watering root fixing water while planting, and immediately sprayed with new high fat film 800 times liquid, can avoid pathogenic bacteria infiltration, enhance the ability of the seedlings to work against flooding, reduce the slow emergence of seedlings.
The planting period of bean curd should be clarified based on the cultivation method and the value of raw pregnancy index. Selection of nutrient composition soil block seedling can be planted when the first compound leaf is carried out in general. If you choose the cup seedling, you can delay the time to 2 to 3 compound leaves when planting.
Greenhouse greenhouse cultivation planting in mid to late March, small plastic greenhouse cultivation planting in early to mid April, agricultural film cultivation planting in mid to late April, open field cultivation cultivation planting in mid to late April. Selection of cup seedling seedling use hole opener to open the hole planting, selection of culture soil seedling to planting knife hole planting, planting after watering the root water, and fill the fine soil and seal the planting hole. Generally each bed 1.8m wide (even ditch) 2 rows, row spacing 80 ~ 100cm, hole spacing 22 ~ 25cm, every 667 square meters planted 3000 holes.
Bean high yield cultivation technicala, tilling sowing
The use of fields that have not been loaded with bean food is appropriate, the continuous land should be disinfected and sterilized, due to the continuous land is very easy to produce brown spot, leaf blight, resulting in the death of the bean withered and dead, it is difficult to prevent.
1, disinfection and sterilization.
① mu with lime powder 60 ~ 80KG compost field, 7 ~ 10 days after the drain, sun white
② can be planted before the use of potassium permanganate solution 500 times, or bean fungus afraid (can also use oxacorbic acid or fungus really clear 2) + Beilin (plus Jiajia iodine) 500 times the solution of the soil layer wet 3 centimeters above the depth of water.
2, according to the number of plowed land to pick how much to make a ridge, the ridge open about 40 centimeters, 30 centimeters high. On the surface of the ridge open 10 centimeters deep small ditch, mu with 1000KG composted manure drench. Turn the soil after sunshine white, select the right kind, seed sunshine 4 hours after tap water wet, with Dyson Manganese Zinc powder seed mixing, every 500 grams of seed with 25 grams of drug surface, in the small ditch sowing, single line planting, every 20 centimeters over the two seed sowing, sowing soil cake fertilizer or fire baked soil cover, sprinkle water.