catalogue
1. Living habits
2. Morphological characteristics
3. Distribution range
4. Breeding technology
5. Nutritional value
Living habits
Pelagic fish, sexually active, jumping around when slightly disturbed. In natural water bodies, fattening is mainly carried out in tributaries of rivers and their affiliated water bodies in the growing season. Winter is mostly concentrated in the depths of river beds or lakes. The suitable growth temperature is the same as grass carp. In the low temperature season, silver carp did not stop eating, but the feeding intensity decreased. Silver carp likes fat and water, and the suitable oxygen consumption of organic matter is more than 20 mg per liter. The hypoxia tolerance is stronger than that of grass carp and herring.
morphological character
The body is relatively flat, the mouth is large and oblique, and the jaw is upturned. The abdomen is as narrow as a blade. The eyes are small and located below the head axis. Small in scale. The back is bluish gray, the sides are grayish white, and the abdomen is silvery white. Fins are light gray.
Silver carp has a flat side, a narrow abdomen and a wide head and mouth; The ventral surface is made of pectoral fins or even ventral fins. From the bottom of the ventral fin to the anus, it has a fleshy edge. The fine separation of gill harrow makes it more synthetic into a half-moon sponge filter. The length is the same as that of gill filaments, and the hypopharynx teeth 1 row are straw sandals. The body is gray-black, and the back and upper side are dark brown. There are black spots. The head is bigger, but much smaller than the bighead. The mouth is wide, the end position, and the lower jaw is slightly inclined upward. Branchlets specialize and combine with each other to form porous membranes. There are spiral suprabranchial organs in the upper part of oropharyngeal cavity. Small eyes and low positions are unnecessary. The teeth in the hypopharynx are spoon-shaped, flat and flat, with pinnate teeth and small scales. There is a well-developed cortical abdominal ridge from throat to anus. The end of the pectoral fin only extends to the beginning of the ventral fin or further back. The body is silvery white and the fins are grayish white. The shape is similar to that of bighead carp, and silver carp is impatient and good at jumping.
distribution range
Silver carp is widely distributed in East Asia, and can be found everywhere in major water systems in China. This kind of fish grows fast, 2 ~ 3 years old, and its weight can be increased from 1kg to 4kg, and the largest individual can reach 40kg. The natural output is very high. At the same time, the food of silver carp is phytoplankton, so it has become the first-class fish in fish culture and has been listed as one of the four major fish in freshwater culture in China.
breeding technology
Pond selection
Silver carp is a kind of fish culture, and it is in a subordinate position in the ponds where carp, crucian carp, grass carp and bream are mainly raised. The pond selection is completely consistent with the main fish culture types applied for certification above.
Water quality requirements
The water quality requirements of silver carp are completely consistent with those of the main carp that has applied for certification.
Seedling requirements
Before stocking, fry must go through inspection and quarantine, and select the ones with pure quality, health and good specifications. The stocking time is in the middle and late May.
pond culture
1, fish culture
Fish fry stocking: In the middle and late May, when the water temperature in the pond is stable above 18℃, it is the suitable time for stocking. Put silver carp and mullet at a density of 3-5 strips per square meter.
Feeding management: After the fry enter the pond, they mainly feed on zooplankton and crumbs.
Adult fish culture: specification and density of fish species. The specification of overwintering fish species is100-200g/fish, and the stocking density is 0.4-0.5 fish/fish.
Silver carp is a kind of fish culture, which is based on the time when carp leave the pond.
2. Overwintering management
Overwintering density: The overwintering density of adult fish and fingerlings in pressure tanks is generally 0.3-0.6_/_. Can be adjusted according to the situation of the pond.
Requirements for overwintering fish: the fish should be free from disease and injury, fat and strong.
Overwintering method: The overwintering pool should be relatively clean, with good water retention, and the water depth under ice should be kept at about 1.5m, and ponds should be merged according to different specifications: before freezing, the whole pool should be sprayed with 90% crystal trichlorfon 1.5-3.0kg/ ha, and the phytoplankton quantity should be kept at 25-50 mg/L. In order to keep the water surface transparent, it should be timely.
nutritive value
Silver carp is an ideal food for women to nourish their skin, which can provide rich glial protein, which is both fitness and beauty. It has curative effect on rough skin, desquamation, easy hair loss, etc., and is a delicious food that can not be ignored in female beauty. It is a health food for warming middle warmer, benefiting qi, warming stomach and moistening skin, and is suitable for
People with spleen-stomach deficiency and cold constitution, loose stool and dry skin can also be used for hypogalactia caused by spleen-stomach weakness.
Silver carp is sweet and warm, and enters the spleen and stomach;
It has the effects of invigorating spleen, invigorating qi, warming stomach, and dissipating heat, and is especially suitable for winter consumption.
Can be used for treating spleen and stomach weakness, anorexia, emaciation and fatigue, diarrhea and other symptoms; It also has the effects of warming stomach, invigorating qi, caring skin, blackening hair and caring skin.