1. Land: Chang 'an → Hexi Corridor → Western Regions → Central Asia and West Asia → European Daqin (ancient Rome).
2. Land and sea: southeast coastal ports → Indochina Peninsula → Malay Peninsula → Malacca Strait → Bay of Bengal → southern tip of Indian Peninsula and Ceylon.
The Economic Impact of the Silk Road
1. Promote commodity exchange and trade
The Silk Road is one of the earliest trade routes in the world. Since it was opened in the Han Dynasty, trade has continued, and its transportation hub and commercial port have gradually developed into an international trade center. Silk, tea, porcelain, medicinal materials, gold and silver and other commodities have been introduced to Central Asia, West Asia, India and other places along the Silk Road, and exchanged with local textiles, jewelry, spices, ivory and other commodities, forming a prosperous market dominated by trade in goods and supplemented by cultural exchanges.
In trade, the emergence and development of businessmen and trade organizations laid the foundation for the expansion of commerce and the development of markets, promoted the circulation of commodities and the development of trade, and indirectly promoted the prosperity of regional economy and culture.
2. Promote the development of transportation and building technology.
The construction and development of the Silk Road promoted the development of transportation and building technology. In order to meet the needs of trade, businessmen and local governments on the Silk Road constantly built roads, bridges and water conservancy facilities, which expanded the scope and benefits of trade.
In the development of transportation and construction technology, businessmen and craftsmen on the Silk Road have mastered many technologies and knowledge, such as the use of various vehicles and horses, the use of building materials, the design of water conservancy projects, etc. These technologies and knowledge are constantly being transmitted and developed, which also promotes the development of handicrafts and industry and commerce.
3. Promote the development of monetary and financial systems.
The trade and commercial exchanges along the Silk Road also promoted the development of the monetary and financial systems. Businessmen and trade organizations use different currencies and trade means in their transactions, such as bills of exchange and letters of credit. The use of these financial instruments has promoted the development of trade and commerce and promoted the development of the monetary and financial systems.
4. Promote the development of regional economy
Cities and regions along the Silk Road have gradually prospered due to the development of trade, forming an economic system dominated by commerce and handicrafts. The development of trade and handicraft industry has promoted the development of regional economy, and at the same time increased the tax revenue and economic strength of local government.
5. Bring about the spread of culture and knowledge
The trade and commercial exchanges along the Silk Road not only brought about the circulation of commodities and the development of trade, but also promoted the spread of culture and knowledge. China's traditional crafts and cultures such as silk, porcelain and tea were spread to Central Asia, West Asia and Europe along the Silk Road, and many cultures and knowledge from Central Asia, West Asia and Europe were also spread to China.
Businessmen, scholars and religious communicators along the Silk Road also brought various cultures and knowledge, such as Buddhism, Islam, Greek and Roman culture, etc. The spread of these cultures and knowledge promoted the exchange and intercommunication of the world, and also enriched the cultural and knowledge system of China and the world.