Name: Eggplant

Scientific name: Plumeria?rubra?var.acutifolia?

Latin name PumeriarubraLcv.Acutifolia?evergreen plant.?

Alias: Maine gardenia, egg yolk flower, big quarter flower?

Family: Oleaceae, Eggplantia?

Eggplant Habitat: ?

The original "red eggplant" (P. rubralinn), with bright red flowers, is relatively rare, and most are cultivated varieties, with 5-6 cm long flowers that are white with a slight reddish tinge on the outside, and yellow on the inside at the base, often referred to as "? Crown white, heart yellow", resembling the white yolk of an egg, hence the name. Every year in August and September when the flowering season, exudes a refreshing smell of egg flowers. Visitors who have visited the Seven Star Rock in Gaoyao County, Guangdong Province, can taste a drink with a different flavor - egg flower tea, in fact, it is the dried flowers of the egg flower smoked and brewed tea.

Eggplant genus has about seven species, eggplant native to tropical America, is now widely planted in various tropical regions, in some countries, often planted in the four sides of the temple, so it is also known as the "Temple Tree" or "Tower Tree". China's southern provinces are cultivated, two colors have plants. The tree seldom bears fruit, but cuttings are easy to survive, without the need for seed propagation. Before 1778 A.D., history has been cultivated egg flower records, according to this projection, the egg flower settled in China has been hundreds of years of history. This flower is brightly colored, rather like egg yolk, so also known as egg flower, egg yolk flower. Guangdong is in the subtropical, long summer and short winter sunshine enough, very suitable for the growth of the egg flower, so Guangdong cities and towns all over the egg flower, to green, beautify the garden. Egg flower in addition to garden ornamental, the most important function is to make tea. Egg flower its color yellow, light purple, fleshy feeling, elegant and simple, very lovely. Egg flower from the tree can be picked with boiling water, drink the fragrance, lubrication. The dried egg flower can be brewed into a good tea.

Egg flower morphology characteristics?

Deciduous shrub or small tree. It is a small deciduous tree or shrub of the genus Eggplant in the family Oleaceae, about 5-8 meters high. Branches are stout, fleshy stems, rich in latex, green and glabrous. Branchlets are plump and succulent. Leaves are large, thickly papery, clustered at the top of branches, with veins joining into a single side vein near the leaf margin. Flowers are clustered at the top of branches, the corolla is cylindrical, about 5-6 cm in diameter, 5-lobed, creamy-white outside, bright yellow in the center, very fragrant, spirally spreading, the petal edge is white, the petal center is golden-yellow, like an egg white wrapped in an egg flower. Flowering May-October, fruiting July-December, generally cultivated plants rarely fruit. Eggplant blooms in summer, fragrant and elegant; after the leaves fall, the bare trunk bends naturally, and its shape is very beautiful. It is suitable for planting in courtyard and grassland, and can also be potted.

In the garden courtyard, plant height of 3 meters to 5 meters, the main trunk is not quite straight, often some twisted and crooked, branching fleshy and thick, shoots slightly purple halo, forked with long and short, like antlers. Leaves alternate, thickly papery, rectangular-orbicular or rectangular-elliptic, 20 cm to 30 cm long, 7 cm to 10 cm wide, sparsely clustered in the upper part of the branches. Summer and autumn (May to October) from the top of the branch to grow cymes, there are several flowers to more than a dozen flowers, as if the antlers on the tie flowers knot color, quite interesting, buds reddish, the lower part of the corolla tube, the upper part of the five-lobed, lobes obovate, to the left overlay, corolla external white slightly reddish, all red is less, the inner base of the yellow. "Crown white heart yellow" like egg white wrapped with egg yolk, so called egg flower, also called Maine gardenia, is oleander family, egg flower genus of evergreen plants. Cultivate in temperate zone easy to fall leaves in winter, in the south of our country both can be planted on the ground, also suitable for pot planting, Yangtze river basin and north can only be planted in pots, 80 centimeters to 150 centimeters high, exudes fragrance when blossoming?

Eggplant reproduction and cultivation?

Egg flower like hot and humid climate, drought-resistant, prefer to be born in limestone rock, cuttings reproduction is very easy to survive. Generally preferred in mid- to late May, from the base of the branch cut branches 20-30 cm long, cut at the white latex outflow, need to be placed in a cool ventilated place 2-3?days, so that the wound knot a protective film and then cuttings, with the latex cuttings are easy to rot. Inserted into a clean vermiculite or sand bed or shallow sand pots, then sprayed with water, placed indoors or outdoors under the shade, sprayed with water every other day, so that the substrate to keep moist can be. Inserted 15-20 days after moving to the semi-shade, so that see the weak light, 30-35 days to root, 45 days can be potted, cuttings rooted seedlings after survival, should be transplanted in a timely manner in the caliber of 20 cm pots, the egg flower is not strict on the soil requirements, it is appropriate to plant in the loose soil containing more humus, planting can be slightly exposed roots on the pots, planted set up! Set up indoors after planting, see weak light after 1 week, and then after half a month can be placed in full sunlight. Egg flower grows rapidly, need to change the pot once a year in the spring, generally into the caliber of 30 cm pots, potting soil can be 4 parts of garden soil, 4 parts of horse manure soil and river sand 2 parts of the mixture of modulation, each pot is also added to put 100 grams of cake fertilizer or soy sauce residue, 50 grams of calcium superphosphate or bone meal. Water thoroughly after changing pots and plants, and move outdoors to a sunny place before and after the rainy season. Egg flower like warm, moist, sunny growing environment, summer without shade, can be placed outdoors in the sun. Summer and autumn is the egg flower growth, flowering period, watering 1-2 times a day in the evening, summer and autumn rain, should be poured out of the pot of water in a timely manner. 6-November every 10 days or so to apply a rotting liquid fertilizer, concentration of 15%. Southern egg flower planted in the open ground, winter leaf drop, the following spring regeneration of new leaves. Northern potted plants should be moved indoors to the south window in mid to late October, pay attention to ventilation and light. Room temperature should be above 10 ℃, low temperature and poor ventilation indoors, will make the plant defoliation, indoor watering every two weeks to water once.

Potted eggplant should use better permeability of the soil pottery pots, such as plastic pots should be put in the bottom of the pot layer of broken masonry or broken hard plastic foam block, enhance the ventilation and drainage. Its root system is more developed, faster growth, seedlings can be planted in the inner diameter of 20 centimeters in the pot, as the plant grows up, can be changed into a larger pot. It is not very strict on the soil requirements, to plant in loose fertile sandy loam growth in the best, home potting can be used in rotting leaves and garden topsoil mixed with an equal amount, plus a small amount of sand can be, every year in spring before budding pots to change the soil once.

Egg flower like moist, also drought-resistant, but afraid of flooding. Therefore, watering should be moderate, master not dry not water, see dry that is watering, watering must be watered through, can not be stained principle. Spring and fall intervals of 1 to?2 days to see the soil dry watering once, summer sunny day watering once a day in the morning, evening, such as soil dry and then watering, rainy season to pay attention to pouring off the pot of stagnant water, anti-root rotting, winter watering once a decade and a half, to keep the potting soil slightly moist and not dry can be. It likes fertilizer, on the pot or turn over the pot to change the soil, it is appropriate to add 20?grams to 30 grams of bone meal, 50 grams to 80 grams of calcium superphosphate (because it likes to be born in calcareous soil, pay attention to calcium), from May to October, 10 days to 15 days to apply a thinly rotted organic fertilizers or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium composite fertilizer, avoid the single application of nitrogen fertilizers to prevent the futile growth of the winter, do not apply fertilizers.

Eggplant is a strong positive flowers, the more adequate sunshine, the more luxuriant growth, flowers and fragrant, in addition to potting or turning pots to change the soil after the need for shade 7 days to 10 days, the rest of the time should be placed in full sun. Because of its origin in tropical America, it is not cold hardy, cultivated in temperate zones in the winter defoliation is the manifestation of its poor cold hardiness, it is appropriate to go into the room over winter. In the lowest temperature fell to 10 ℃, moved indoors, placed in full sunlight, maintain room temperature 10 ℃ to 15 ℃, away from television radiation and air conditioning warm air can not fall leaves, but such as lower than 8 ℃ or poor ventilation, will fall leaves, as long as to maintain more than 5 ℃, it will not freeze to death, the following spring will be sprouting long leaves.

Eggplant planted in the temperate zone, generally does not set seed, using cuttings to propagate. late May to early June, from the branches cut about 20 centimeters long branches for spikes, cuttings will have white latex out, such as cuttings without treatment, spikes are easy to rot, can be placed in a well-ventilated shade, 2 days to 3 days after the wound to be a layer of protective film grows at the wound and then inserted, or will be dipped in the wound in the grass ash, Sulfur powder, to be slightly dry and then inserted into the vermiculite or vegetative sand pot, placed in a well-ventilated shade, often spray water to the spike to moisturize, 20 days after the move to the morning or evening can see the sun in the semi-shade, 3?0 days to 40 days can be rooted, a high rate of survival, fall or the following spring on the pot.

Eggplant flowers and bark can be used as medicine, with heat, detoxification, dysentery, moistening the lungs, cough, asthma; flowers can be extracted from the aromatic oil, used to make cosmetics and high-grade soap.

Flower fragrance, can be mentioned spices, or dried for the production of drinks, but also for medicinal purposes. Flowers can be extracted aromatic oil, used for the preparation of cosmetics and high-grade soap, dried flowers can be smoked tea. Its flowers and bark can be used as medicine, with heat, detoxification, dysentery, moistening the lungs, cough effect.

The camellia is a traditional Chinese flower, one of the world's famous flowers, and is also the provincial flower of China's Yunnan Province and the city flower of Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China. Because of its beautifully shaped plants, leaves green and glossy, colorful flower form, and by the world of horticulture is treasured.

The cultivation of camellia in China as early as the Sui and Tang dynasties have entered the court and the people's courtyard. To the Song Dynasty, the cultivation of camellia style is flourishing. The Southern Song poet Fan Chengda had "the door alley cheered ten miles of the temple, before the wax is known to spring" of the poem, to describe the then Chengdu Hailu Temple camellia bloom. Camellia was also described in detail in Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica (Ming Dynasty), Wang Xiangjin's The Records of the Fountain, and Park Jingzi's The Records of the Camellia (Qing Dynasty). By the seventh century, camellia first spread to Japan, from the eighteenth century, camellia repeatedly to Europe and the United States.

Standard name Latin name Camellia?japoica, English name Camellia?, Chinese name camellia.?

AKA Mantua, Camellia, Camellia sinensis, Camellia sinensis, Camellia sinensis, Camellia sinensis

[1]OriginChina Yangtze River, Pearl River Basin, Yunnan; North Korea, Japan, India

Family Camelliaceae, Camellia sinensis

Morphological featuresEvergreen shrubs or small trees. Bowl-shaped petals, single or double. Flower colors are red, pink, deep red, rose red, purple, light purple, white, yellow, mottled, etc. The flowering period is winter and spring, more resistant to winter.

Camellia growth habit Camellia growth temperature between 20 ~ 25 ℃, 29 ℃ or more when the growth stops, 35 ℃ when the leaves will have scorching phenomenon. Requires a certain temperature difference. Environmental humidity of 60% or more, most varieties can tolerate -8 ℃ low temperature (natural overwintering, cloud tea is slightly less cold hardy), in the area south of the Huaihe River can generally natural overwintering. Camellia cultivation soil should be acidic, and requires better permeability. In order to facilitate the development of root hairs, usually available peat, rotting sawdust, red soil, humus, or a mixture of the above substrate cultivation. Camellia requires more light than azalea, spring, fall and winter can not be shaded, summer can be 50% shade treatment.

Famous camellia varieties name 1.18 Bachelor 2.Hexagonal big red 3.Red Dan 4.Strong yuan red 5.Crown 6.Scarlet Claw Hibiscus 7.Tea Plum 8.Flower Crane Order 9.Pink Haze 10.Red Dew Zhen 11.Azalea red camellia 12.Golden Flower Tea 13.Bella Grande Rosa 14.Red Leaf Bella 15.Cloud Spotted Grand Marshal 16.Black Magic 17.New Kitty 18.Mobster 19.Heavenly Jiao 20.Elsie 21. Flower Fording?22.Sai Peony23.Elizabeth24.Flower Brain25.New Pineapple?26.Darting27.Great Cinnabar?28.Fragrant Sun (Fragrance) 29.Chitin?30.Cremer's Great Peony (Fragrance)31.Peacock Tsubaki?32.Great Carter33.Small Pineapple34.Large Pineapple?35.Great American Red36.Flower Peony37.Autumn Peony?38.Flower Fairy39.Fire Falls40 .Big Helen 41.? Snow Tower 42.Compound Color Great Helen 43.Ellie Peony?44.Mr. Parks 45.Gold Medal Peony?46.Valentine's Day 47.Masterpiece 48.Granite 49.Red Leaf Bella 50.Rallye Pitt 51.Wax Leaf 52.Wrinkled Leaf Chrysanthemum 53.Royal Velvet?54.Fish Tail Tea 55.Auveolus Golden Flower Tea 56.? Mandarin Duck Phoenix Crown 57.Imperial Glow 58.Big Phyllis 59.Kona 60.Hakkai Di 61.Magic City 62.? Spotted Color Valentine 63. Red Pearl 64.Gold Edge Kona 65.Bill's Big Gear 66.Huangda 67. Camellia Capital 68.Lion's Head 69.Laska Jiaojiao 70.Purple Creek 71.Warriner Deep 72.Complexion Aran 73.Silver and White Charles 74.Complexion Expectations 75.Ancient Jack 76.Cloud Spotted Camellia Capital 77.Ten Kinds of Scenery 78.Early Spring Peach Blush 79. Hovey 80.Chuxiong Tea 81.Niu Xio Pearl 82.Pink Ten Sample King 83.Big Gear 84.Curtain Call 85.Tavern 86.Burgundy Aran 87.Black Tsubaki 88.Dies 89.Marianne (Fragrance) 90.Swan Lake 91.Tomina Deep 92.Compound Color Tomorrow 93.Pink Shih Shi 94.Hobo 95.King of Happiness 96.Niu Xio American Jade 97.Hilda 98.Queen Diana 99.God of Fragrance 100.Stacked Red Roses 101.Twinkle 102.Snowman 103.Yellow Hydrangea 104.Recurring Fire Falls 105.Super Southern Sky Samurai 106.Harrison 107.Hairy Edge Big Black and Red 108.Hore 109.Silk Sara 110.Flower Show Season 111.New Ms. Tahrir?112.Ephemeral Vein Gold Tea 113.Turtleback Gold Tea 114.Black Eggstone 115.Black Knight 116. Hawaii 117.Rachel 118.Super Race Peony 119.New Miss Charleston 120.Mabel 121.Wide Ribbon 122.Silver Triumph 123.Spring Poetry 124.Spring Wild 125.Betty 126.White Swan 127.Vietnam Holding Stem Tea 128 Oscars

Famous Yunnan Camellia varieties: Hate Heavenly High, Hate Sky High, Hate Sky High, Hate Sky High, Hate Sky High, Hate Sky High, Hate Sky High, Hate Sky High, Hate Sky High, Hate Sky High, Hate Sky High, Hate Sky High, Hate Sky High, Hate Sky High, Hate Sky High, Hate Sky High, Hate Sky High, Hate Sky High. The children's face. Vermilion Purple Robe． The big purple robe. Snow Kyauk

[edit]Cultivation

Camellia usual to neutral or acidic surface water, watering to grasp the dry and wet, dry and then water, watering to water, but be careful not to overdry. Generally in the late spring buds before the appropriate withholding of water, in order to facilitate the transformation to reproductive growth, flowers can not be cut off before water. But be careful, if you grow in the general living room living room, easy to die.

Usually fertilizer available-30cm pot) 10g/pot; compound fertilizer 2g/pot; also available 0.1% urea plus 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, every 10-20 days, the above fertilizers should be used in rotation. Such as the occurrence of new iron deficiency yellowing available 0.2% ferrous sulfate watering once a week, until the recovery. North to prevent yellowing disease, root rot, to be applied every 15-30 days 0.2% ferrous sulfate once.

Diseases and pests and their control

Camellia main diseases are verticillium, anthracnose, blight, leaf spot, soot disease, etc., the main prevention and treatment of pharmaceuticals are: retreating mycotoxin 800 times; polymyxin 500 times; Chlorothalonil 800 times; gramicidin 800 times regular prevention and treatment, before the flower to pay attention to gray mold, blossom wilt disease control.

Golden plate lychee camellia insect pests to red spider, aphids, mealybugs, leaf roller moth, bridge-building bugs, the main control agent with chlorpyrifos 15 ml + hydramethylthiophene 20 ml or monocrotophos 25 ml to 30 pounds of water spray.

Reproduction methods

There are many ways to reproduce camellias, both sexual and asexual reproduction can be used, of which cuttings and by the method of the most common use.

1, cuttings?

This method is the most simple, cuttings time in September is the most suitable, spring can also be. Choose good growth, semi-woody branches, remove the basal leaves, retain the upper 3 leaves, with a sharp knife cut into a slant, immediately dip the cut into 200 - 500ppm indole butyric acid for 5 - 15 minutes, after drying inserted into the sand pots or vermiculite pots, watering after insertion of 40 days or so the wound is healed, about 60 days to rooting. Hormone-treated cuttings are rooted 2--3 months earlier than those without hormone. With vermiculite as a plug bed, the root is also much faster than the sand bed.

2, rely on the method?

Choose the appropriate varieties such as tea cup tea or oil tea as rootstock, leaning against the connection of valuable camellias. By the time generally in the Qingming Festival to the Mid-Autumn Festival between. First plant the rootstock in the pot, with a knife in the parts to be combined with about half of the cut, the incision should be smooth, and then make the two sides of the cut surface close fit, wrapped in plastic film, twice a day to the rootstock water, 60 days after the healing. By then it can be cut and planted, and placed under the shade of the tree to avoid direct sunlight. In February of the following year, use a knife to cut off the end of the rootstock, and then planting.

3, leaf insertion method?

Camellias usually use branch cuttings propagation method, but some valuable varieties due to the limitations of the source of the branches, or taking into account after taking the material will affect the shape of the tree, so you can also use the leaf plug method. Mountain mud as cuttings substrate, can be mixed into 1 / 3 of the river sand, in order to facilitate aeration and drainage, substrate held in a tile pot, and then potted. In the rainy season, can take annual leaves as leaf material, too old not easy to root, too tender and easy to rot. Inserted into the soil depth of about 2 centimeters, inserted after the pressure of the soil, watered, and then placed in a cool ventilated place. Generally 3 months can be rooted, the next spring can be sprouted and twigs.

Flower use value

a, health flower tea

1. Materials: camellia 4 ~ 6, cranesbill 3 money, lotus root 1 two, leucaena root 1 two

2. Methods: 6 bowls of water decocted into 2 bowls, divided into three meals to take

3. Uses: for nosebleeds, coughing up blood, coughing with therapeutic effect

two, external compress method

1. Materials: camellia, hibiscus flowers, gardenia each 4 ~ 6 flowers

2. 6

2. method: all crushed and added to the tea Qing (dregs of tea)

3. use: the treatment of burns, mosquito bites

flower language humility, ideal love, virtue, lovely

[edit paragraph] cultivation points

1. planting? North of the Yangtze River is good for spring planting, south of the Yangtze River is good for fall planting. Ground planting should be selected well-drained, water retention performance. Humus-rich sandy loam. Potted plants choose to use the humus, sand, stable fertilizer soil 1/3 of the preparation, or 4 parts of the humus, 5 parts of the charcoal soil, 1 part of the coarse sand mixed culture soil. pH value of 5-6.5. planting should be selected not waterlogged, the sun can not be exposed to the place. Potted camellia winter into the room placed in the ventilation and light, summer out of the room in the shade or other shade. Camellia avoid moving position, or its growth is unfavorable.

2. Light and temperature? Camellia for long sunshine plants. In the day length of 12 hours in order to form flower buds. The optimal growth temperature of 18-?25 ℃, the optimal flowering temperature of 10-20 ℃, higher than 35 ℃ will burn the leaves. Not hardy, winter should be indoors, the temperature is maintained at 3-5 ℃, can also tolerate a short period of time -10 ℃ of low temperature, but not for a long time more than 16 ℃, otherwise it will promote the germination, causing leaf drop. The growing period should be placed in a semi-shaded environment, should not receive too much direct sunlight. Especially in summer and fall to shade, or put under the tree in the shade.

3. Watering and fertilization? Camellia on fertilization requirements, neutral and alkaline loam are not conducive to its growth. The north should pay particular attention to the alkaline water after acidification treatment before, can water flowers, the specific method is to be stored in the water 2 days, so that the chlorine in the water volatilized, and then add an appropriate amount of ferrous sulfate (0.5% of the water or so). The amount of watering should not be too large, otherwise it is easy to rot the roots. The potting soil should not be dry, otherwise it is easy to make the roots shrivel due to water loss, in order to keep the potting soil and the surrounding environment moist. Do not spray water during the flowering period. Fertilizer to thin alum fertilizer water is good, avoid applying strong fertilizer. General spring sprouting, every 17 days to apply a thin fertilizer water, summer phosphorus, potash, early autumn can stop fertilizer for about 1 month, and then apply alum fertilizer water before flowering, flowering and then apply fast-acting phosphorus, potash, so that the flower is big and colorful, long flowering period.

4. plastic pruning? Ground planted camellia mainly cut dry branches, sickly branches, cross branches, too dense branches, obviously affecting the shape of the tree branches, as well as thinning excess buds. Potted camellia in addition to the above work, but also according to personal preference for plastic pruning, but should not be pruned, because its growth potential is not strong.

5. Flowering control? Because camellia is not cold hardy, delayed flowering is less commonly used. Generally use the choice of varieties, temperature control, hormone treatment and other methods to control the flowering period. To make camellia "eleven" flowering, can be in mid-July or early August with a brush dipped in 0.1% of the hematoxylin, coated on the buds, coated every 3 days 1 time, fertilizer and water normal management. September to see the growth of buds to decide whether or not to coat the flower camps, if it is estimated that "eleven" flowering is not Insurance, you can increase the number of coated buds, increase the amount of fertilizer and water, promote the rapid growth of flower buds, so that "eleven" see flowers.