Among the four landlords, the only real figure is Liu Wencai in Sichuan. 1at the beginning of 965, in the exhibition hall of the landlord manor in Liu Wencai, Dayi County, sichuan fine arts institute's teachers and students used mud to shape a group of images of farmers paying rent to landlords before liberation. This group of clay sculptures named Rent Collection House, which was based on Liu Wencai, was large and small *** 1 14, one by one lifelike and silently telling what Liu Wencai had done in those years.
1999 1 1 month, Shaanxi Normal University Press published the book The Truth of Liu Wencai written by Mr. Xiaoshu, which clarified many false words imposed on Liu Wencai and restored a real Liu Wencai for us. In the book, the author says: He has no intention of writing a conviction for Liu Wencai, because Liu Wencai is not a "good man" by the standards at that time or now, nor is he as bad as he was demonized later. Water dungeons, rent-collecting houses, tiger benches, and pepper irrigation are all created according to the needs of "class struggle".
According to The Truth of Liu Wencai, since 198 1 year, the exhibition hall has sent special personnel to interview more than 70 insiders and read a lot of literature and history files. After more than a year of running around, none of the witness cards of the water dungeon were found, and the physical evidence also disappeared. The report on the "water dungeon" submitted by the manor exhibition hall to the competent authorities said: Based on the materials we have, we can preliminarily confirm that the "water dungeon" is unfounded.
1988, the relevant departments in Sichuan finally issued a reply that "the water dungeon was restored to the original state of opium dens". As a result, the water in the basement was drained, the iron cage was moved away, and a "opium smoking room" was hung at the door of the basement.
So, what kind of person is the real Liu Wencai in history? According to many historical facts provided by The Truth of Liu Wencai and the feature film The Big Landlord Liu Wencai, Liu Wencai is not the ferocious big bully landlord portrayed in Rent Collection House. In fact, he not only plundered the people's wealth, encouraged the drug abuse, but also generously promoted learning and helped the poor.
The feature film "The Big Landlord Liu Wencai" mainly introduces the story of Liu Wencai's education. After reading it, I have a brand-new understanding of Liu Wencai, which is unforgettable. Liu Wencai built a school-Wencai Middle School for the education in his hometown. Wencai Middle School covers an area of more than 2,000 mu. At that time, in order to protect the interests of ordinary people, Liu Wencai adopted the method of exchanging two mu of land for one mu. After the school was completed, it recruited educational talents, and its educational scale was the largest and best in Sichuan and even in private schools across the country.
"After the completion of the school, Liu Wencai never interfered with education and teaching. He only said a few words at the opening ceremony of the Spring and Autumn Period, which probably meant that students should study hard and serve the Chinese nation in the future. Another is that he is extremely strict with his children and their relatives. In the lesson of Wencai Middle School, Liu Wencai clearly stipulates that the school property is the school property, and Liu Wencai's descendants are not allowed to possess it. The only power of Liu's children and grandchildren is to clean up the school's finances once a year. That's all. "
Every time Liu Wencai meets holidays, he will visit and help poor families, and Liu Wencai will also be asked to mediate disputes between neighbors, because he is fair and upright. He also invested in the construction of streets, and the two streets that have not been demolished are still prosperous.
The molded Huang Shiren.
Huang Shiren is a bully landlord in The White-haired Girl, and he is bent on occupying the daughter of the tenant Yang Bailao. On New Year's Eve, Huang Shiren forced Yang Bailao to sell women's debts, and Yang Bailao was forced to drink brine to commit suicide. Since then, daughter was robbed into the Huang family and raped by Huang Shiren. Xi 'er fell in love with Da Chun, a young farmer in the same village. Da Chun failed to save Xi 'er and defected to the Eighth Route Army. Xi 'er fled into the mountains and lived an inhuman life, with all her hair white. Two years later, Da Chun returned to his hometown with the troops, found Joy and avenged himself. They got married and lived a happy life.
As a China native who grew up under the influence of White-haired Girl, although no one has seen Huang Shiren and Xi 'er, for many years, everyone almost never doubted the truth of this story. In our impression, tragedies like White-haired Girl must be a dime a dozen in the "evil old society". I didn't know that the White-haired Girl, which we believed for many years, was completely created until I saw the articles about secrets in the media such as World Weekly and China Reading Newspaper.
According to the article "The Story of the White-haired Girl" published by China Reading Newspaper, the theme of "The White-haired Girl" comes from a folk legend about "the white-haired fairy" in Shanxi, Chaji and Hebei. In a cave, there lived a fairy with white hair all over her body. Fairy fairy has boundless magic power, which can punish evil, promote good, strengthen the body and eliminate evil, and dominate all the fortunes of the world. During the Anti-Japanese War, the "struggle meeting" in some "base areas" often failed. The reason was that the villagers paid tribute to "Xian Gu" at night, which made the struggle meeting room deserted. Shao Zinan, a writer of Northwest Field Service Corps, first noticed this theme. In order to meet the needs of "struggle", he pulled the villagers back from grandma's temple. He compiled a drama script with the theme of "breaking superstition and mobilizing the masses", which is the prototype of White-haired Girl.
Soon, Zhou Yang, dean of Lu Xun Art College in Yan 'an, saw the script and decided to create and perform a large-scale stage play by Lu Yi, with the theme of "Fairy with White Hair". The creative team was quickly set up, headed by Zhang Geng, director of the drama department of Luyi, and the screenwriter was still Shao Zinan. On the basis of his original drama script, Shao Zinan quickly wrote a performance book of the script. The theme is of course not the heroic deeds in folklore, but the heavy disaster caused by class exploitation to the working people. But after a few trials, Zhou Yang was very dissatisfied.
According to Zhou Yang's opinion, Zhang Geng decisively adjusted the creative team. Screenwriters were replaced by He Jingzhi and Yi Ding from the Department of Literature of Luyi. After accepting the creative task of White-haired Girl, He Jingzhi soon completed a new script with the poet's feelings and the dramatist's expressive power.
1On April 28th, 945, White-haired Girl held its first performance in the auditorium of Yan 'an Central Party School. The performance was a great success.
In this way, with full hatred for the landlord class, a whirlwind of "White-haired Girl" quickly swept Yan 'an, swept northern Shaanxi, swept the liberated areas, and finally swept the whole country. During the "Cultural Revolution", almost every year on New Year's Eve, when people lined up to get a little new year's goods strictly rationed according to their heads, they would hear the melody of "White-haired Girl" from the ubiquitous speakers-that was to remind people not to forget the "evil old society".
Four years after the death of Nanbatian, the Red women soldiers was formed.
In Red women soldiers, Nanbatian is another "indomitable" big landlord. He used his great wealth to organize and support the reactionary armed forces, fighting against the guerrillas in Hainan Island, and was shot dead by Qionghua Wu, the company commander of the Red women soldiers Company (who had worked as a maid in Nanbatian's home), which ended in a shameful end.
According to Hainan Window, the prototype of Nanbatian is a local landlord named Zhang Hongyou in Lingshui County, Hainan Province. Zhang Guomei, the grandson of Zhang Hongyou, said that many contents of Red women soldiers are fictional. It was four years after his grandfather's death that the Red women soldiers was formed. At that time, the filmmaker said that his house was magnificent and he was a big landlord. It was true that he chose to make a movie here. So, I took a few shots in their home, and let the people go to Nanmenling a few miles away as actors, saying that they walked to Nanmenling from the tunnel of Nanbatian's home. Zhang Guoqiang, the grandson of Zhang Hongyou's cousin Zhang Hongde, once told reporters that he is the only person who has seen Zhang Hongyou alive. He is not only familiar with Zhang Hongyou, but also met Zhang Hongyou's mother. Zhang Hongyou is a kind man. He doesn't oppress the people, and there are no servants, guns and bunkers at home. There are only a few little girls invited to help his fourth aunt with her children. These statements are also similar to the book Searching for Heroes published by China Federation of Literary and Art Circles Press. Wang Shixiang, the first instructor of Red women soldiers, said in this book: "Our company commander Pang Qionghua is Qionghua Wu in the movie. She is from our neighboring village. Before joining the army, we were good sisters, and we usually meet each other when we go to the market in town. She is a poor peasant, not a servant girl of Nanbatian's family, and there is no Nanbatian. This is different from the movie. " A staff member in Shi Zhiban, Lingshui County said that Zhang Hongyou had no blood debt, and his family was just a family of teachers.
"Cockcrow in the Midnight" is a myth.
Besides, Zhou skinned. Everyone remembers this bully landlord in Midnight Cockcrow. In order to urge the long-term workers to get up early and go to work, he sneaked down to the chicken cage in the middle of the night to learn the cock crow, causing the cock to crow one after another. As soon as the cock crows, the long-term workers have to get up early. The story of Zhou Pipi's vicious and greedy exploitation of employees made young readers all indignant and left a deep imprint on the minds of generations after the birth of New China. However, the prototype of Zhou skinned is a landlord named Zou in Yandian Township, wafangdian city, Dalian. According to the local old man, although he has the common fault of being mean and stingy by small landlords, he has never heard of the cock crow in the middle of the night.
"The text also describes that the landlord surnamed Zhou opened the chicken cage and struck a match to take photos ... these stupid actions alarmed the chicken, and it wouldn't open its mouth to crow. As long as you think about it a little, you will know that these details are false and fabricated: you don't have to lie down next to the chicken cage to crow, and you don't have to open the chicken cage to see it. What matches should you strike when you are familiar with it? As far as things are concerned, even if you drive the long-term workers to the fields early, there are still two important problems that cannot be justified. First, under the conditions at that time, if there is moonlight in the middle of the night, I don't know if I can engage in agricultural work. Second, the landlords themselves don't follow the morning to supervise, and the long-term workers lie on the ground and go slow. What can you do?