More than 180 substances have been identified in honey. ①Water: the water content of mature honey is below 18%, generally not more than 22%, and honey with a water content of more than 22% is easy to ferment and should not be stored for a long time. ② Sugar: mainly glucose and fructose, the content of glucose and fructose in mature honey generally accounts for more than 75% of the total sugar content. Sucrose accounts for about 4%. In addition, there are maltose, trehalose, alginate, pine sugar, etc. 1 kg of honey can produce 3260 kcal, 5 times higher than milk. Protein and Amino Acids: The average content of protein in honey is 0.3%. Protein plays an important role in the digestive process, metabolic reactions and protective reactions of the body. Amino acids are the components of proteins. There are 18 known amino acids in honey. Among them, 8 are essential amino acids. ④Vitamins: honey contains many kinds of vitamins, of which B group is the most abundant, each 100 grams of honey contains 300-840 micrograms of vitamins. It is known that honey contains thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), ascorbic acid (C), pantothenic acid (B3), biotin (H), pyridoxine (B6), because, folic acid (Bc), niacin (PP) and coagulant vitamins (K). ⑤ Enzymes: Enzymes are special proteins that are extremely biologically active. Enzymes in honey are the saliva of the bees that is added to honey during the brewing process. The main enzymes in honey are sucrase, peroxidase, reductase, protease and so on. (6) Acids: Honey contains a variety of acids. Organic acids mainly include gluconic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid, formic acid and malic acid, etc.; inorganic acids mainly include phosphoric acid and hydrochloric acid. Normal honey has an acidity of less than 3. (7) Aromatic substances: Aromatic substances in honey are mainly derived from nectar, and their main components are alcohols and their oxides, as well as esters, aldehydes, ketones, free acids and so on. Loss of these substances in the honey, the loss of a single nectar should be the flower flavor and greatly inferior. (8) Gelatinous substances: mainly composed of some proteins and waxes, pentosans and inorganic substances, determining the turbidity, foaming and color of honey. Light-colored honey gelatinous material content of about 0.2%, dark honey content of up to 1%. ⑨ Other Ingredients: Each 100 grams of honey contains 1200 to 1500 micrograms of acetylcholine, so eating honey can eliminate fatigue. Honey also contains 0.1% to 0.4% of the bacteriostat, which makes honey has a strong antibacterial effect. Role: (a) Skin care and beauty Fresh honey applied to the skin, can play a moisturizing and nutritive effect, so that the skin is delicate, smooth and elastic. Usage: 1, honey mask: honey with 2-3 times the water diluted, daily coated face. Can also be used cereals, egg white and honey made of masks, use massage face 10 minutes, so that the nutrients of honey penetrate into the skin cells. 2, glycerin and honey mask: take a honey, half of glycerin, three parts of water, add the right amount of flour and blend, made of masks, each time on the face for about 20 minutes, and then washed with water, so that the skin is smooth and delicate. 3, the egg and honey membrane: a fresh egg, honey A spoon, the two will be mixed well, with a soft brush brush in the face after massage. To dry naturally, wash with water. Weekly again, with moisturizing wrinkles, the benefits of beauty. 4, grape juice honey mask: in a spoonful of grape juice, add a spoonful of honey, while stirring to join the flour, after mixing the face, 10 minutes after washing with water, oily skin often use this method, can make the skin smooth, soft. 5, dry skin in winter, a little honey available and water coated in the skin, to prevent dry cracks, rags of honey instead of anti-cracking cream. (ii) Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, promote tissue regeneration High-quality honey at room temperature for several years will not be corrupt, indicating that its antiseptic effect is very strong. Experiments have confirmed that honey has a strong inhibitory effect on streptococcus, staphylococcus, diphtheria bacillus and other gram-positive bacteria. Usage: When treating wounds, apply honey to the affected area to reduce oozing, alleviate pain, promote wound healing and prevent infection. (C) Promote digestion Research has proved that honey has a regulating effect on gastrointestinal function, which can normalize the secretion of gastric acid. Animal experiments have confirmed that honey has the effect of enhancing intestinal peristalsis, which can significantly shorten the time of defecation. Usage: Honey has good effect on colitis and habitual constipation without any side effects. Honey can make stomach pain and heartburn disappear, red blood cells and hemoglobin values grow high. The honey is also useful for those who suffer from gastroduodenal ulcers. (d) Improve immunity Honey contains a variety of enzymes and minerals, after the occurrence of synergistic effect, can improve the body's immunity. Experimental studies have shown that feeding honey to mice can improve their immune function. Usage: Honey is commonly used abroad to treat colds and laryngitis by adding 2 spoons of honey and 1/4 spoon of fresh lemon juice to a cup of water and taking 3-4 cups a day. (E) Promote longevity Scholars in the former Soviet Union have investigated more than 200 elderly people over 100 years of age, of which 143 are beekeepers, confirming that their longevity is related to the frequent consumption of honey. The mechanism by which honey promotes longevity is more complex and is a comprehensive conditioning of the human body, rather than simply acting on a particular organ. Side effects Edit this paragraph back to contents Disadvantages: Drinking honey water on an empty stomach tends to increase the acidity in the body, and over time, you will have too much stomach acid and get gastric ulcers or duodenal ulcers. It is recommended to drink honey water 1.5-2 hours after meals. Note: If you have a bad stomach, it is best to drink it with 30 degrees of water, otherwise it is easy to cause diarrhea, gastroenteritis, etc. There is a saying in traditional Chinese medicine: "Salt water at night, honey soup at night". What it means is: drink salt water every morning on an empty stomach, and drink honey water every night before going to bed. The reason for this is: drinking salt water in the morning can dilute a sleep up very viscous blood, and a little anti-inflammatory effect, moistening the stomach and bowels; night drinking honey water helps beauty, and replenish a variety of micronutrients. Therefore, a more scientific approach is to leave the honey water to drink at night, and get up in the morning to drink salt water. Of course, there are some people who have a hard time, then get up early and drink honey water will help defecate, or to be divided into individual physical conditions.