It is the fruit of Zanthoxylum bungeanum. Pungent in taste, hot in nature, entering the stomach and having 2-4g intestinal channels. Its functions are warming middle warmer, lowering qi, resolving phlegm and removing toxic substances. Indications: cold phlegm food retention, epigastric cold pain, nausea, clear water vomiting, diarrhea, cold dysentery, and relief of food poisoning. Oral administration: decocted in water, 2 ~. Or made into pill or powder. External use: grind, mix and apply, or put it in a plaster. [Modern research] Main ingredients: piperine, theophylline and piperine. The volatile oil contains piperonal and dihydrocarvacrol. Dianthus oxide, cryptoketone, etc. Pharmacological action: 1. Anticonvulsive and Sedative Effects Piperine has obvious anticonvulsant effect on pentylenetetrazol convulsion and electroconvulsive. The anticonvulsant effect is similar to that of phenytoin sodium, but the effect of piperine is slower than that of phenytoin sodium, and the effect of phenytoin sodium is extremely obvious half an hour after administration. Piperine takes about an hour and a half. Piperine has obvious antagonistic effect on "audiogenic epilepsy" in rats. Piperine can antagonize epilepsy and muscle relaxation induced by electrical stimulation in mice. Piperine has obvious sedative effect on mice. After intraperitoneal injection, eyes closed, head bowed, lying down, less activity, in a quiet state. It still responds to mechanical stimulation and slight sound stimulation, and the righting reflex always exists. There is no movement disorder or obstacle. 2. Insecticidal effect The water, ether or ethanol extract of pepper has been proved to have the effect of killing tapeworms in vitro or in the whole experiment of infecting rats, but it has no obvious effect on trematodes and nematodes. 3. Other experiments show that pepper can boost blood pressure, but it has no obvious effect on pulse. Pepper can be taken orally as a wind-expelling and stomach-invigorating agent. Topical application can be used as irritant and erythema agent. Pepper has a weak antimalarial effect. It is also reported that piperine has antipyretic effect on typhoid fever in rabbits, anti-inflammatory effect on inflammation caused by Toona sinensis gum in rats and analgesic effect on pain caused by tail pressure in mice.