Medicinal Name: Cangzhu Pinyin: CANGZHU English Name: Swordlike Atractylodes RhizomeChinese Atractylodes Rhizome Source: Roots and stems of Dicotyledonous plants of Asteraceae family, such as Cangzhu South or Cangzhu North. Effects: Strengthening the spleen, drying dampness, relieving depression, eliminating filth, dispersing cold and relieving the symptoms. Indications: treating dampness and sleepiness, tiredness and sleepiness, epigastric congestion and abdominal distension, loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, dysentery, malaria, phlegm, edema, seasonal colds and flu, wind-cold and dampness paralysis, impotence of the feet, night blindness. Characteristics and taste: Pungent, bitter, warm. (1) "Diffraction of Materia Medica": "pungent and strong odor." ② "Pearl Capsule": "sweet and pungent." ③ "Pinhui Jingyao": "Bitter and sweet flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic." It enters the spleen and stomach meridians. ① "Pearl Capsule": "Foot Yangming and Taiyin." ② "Compendium": "Entering the meridians of the foot Taiyin and Yangming, and the hand Taiyin and Sun." (3) "New Edition of the Materia Medica": "Enters the meridians of foot yangming and sun." (4) The New Edition of the Materia Medica: "Enters the spleen and liver meridians." Usage and dosage: For internal use: decoction, 1.5-3 qian; boiled in ointment or in pills or powder. Contraindication: Not to be taken if there is deficiency of yin and internal heat, or if there is deficiency of qi and excessive sweating. ① "Materia Medica Jing Jiezhu": "Fangfeng, ground elm for the make." ② "Treatise on Medicinal Properties": "Avoid peaches, plums, bird flesh, woad and green fish." ③ "Introduction to Medicine": "Use with caution for those who are weak and timid in blood and those who are depressed by the seven emotions. Misuse will deplete qi and blood, dry up fluids and fluids, and make the plumping worse when the fire is moved." (4) The Classic of the Materia Medica: "Where the disease belongs to yin deficiency, blood deficiency, essence deficiency, internal heat and bone vapor, dry mouth and lips, coughing and spitting up phlegm, spitting up blood, epistaxis, pharyngeal congestion, constipation and stagnation, Fah Xian is contraindicated. Do not take it if there is movement of Qi in the liver and kidney." ⑤ "The Materia Medica Zheng": "It is not to be taken by those who have internal heat and yin deficiency, and those who are sweating on the surface of the body." Compatibility: 1, with yuan ginseng, with yuan ginseng's moist system of cangzhu's dryness, with cangzhu's dryness system of yuan ginseng's greasiness, then strengthen the spleen and nourish the kidney, nourish yin and drive away dampness, both of them excel in their own strengths. 2, with thick park, eliminating food and dispersing phlegm and dampness, especially suitable for those who have dampness, stagnation, and accumulation. 3, with antifungal: frying the cangzhu pungent dispersal of the weak nature of dry dampness and strengthening of the spleen, with the antifungal to dispel wind and dry dampness, because the wind can win over the wet, specializing in treating dampness. The reason is that "wind can win over wet", specializing in the treatment of wet water diarrhea; raw Cangzhu Xin dispersive sex strong, with the wind to dispel wind sweating, with the treatment of wind-dampness paralysis, a can dry dampness, a can dispel the wind, combined with both dry and scattered, wind-dampness and both evils are eliminated. 4, with gypsum, a warm and a cold, strong and soft, drying dampness and clearing heat does not injure the internal organs of the gas, good treatment of dampness evil heat, the sun yangming take the same treatment of the two menstruation means. Summer temperature, wet temperature, strong heat and thirst, body weight, drowning shortness, etc. is most suitable. 5, with cypress, drying dampness doubled, cypress to Cangzhu, to warm the cold, clearing the heat without loss of yang, the two medicines make each other system, clearing heat and drying dampness power is remarkable, commonly used in the lower Jiao dampness and heat of the foot and knee redness and hot pain, impotence of the foot, or dampness and fever, wet sores, and wet urine and see the short, red, yellowish tongue and greasy and other symptoms. 6, with Xiangshi, soothing the liver and regulating the spleen, the main treatment of the liver and spleen 7, with black sesame, a dry a moist, complement each other, strengthen the spleen and moisten the dry, good treatment of choking and spleen deficiency with thin and greasy moss. 8, with Shenqu, digestion and spleen enhancement, can cure food accumulation, dampness obstruction of the spleen and stomach, fullness of the chest and epigastrium, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, watery diarrhea, white and greasy moss, and other symptoms. 9, with Sichuan pepper, warming the diarrhea force increase, can cure cold and dampness more prevalent long term diarrhea, white and greasy moss, and other diseases. Alias: red art (Tao Hongjing), horse artichoke ("Say Wen Zhi Chuan"), green art (Zhang Gun, "Shui Nan Han Ji"), fairy art ("Compendium"). The original plant North Cangzhu is also known as: mountain Cangzhu, gun head vegetable, mountain prickly vegetable. Synonyms: East Cangzhu, also known as: Guan Cangzhu Prescription name: Cangzhu, Maoyu, Maoyu Cangzhu, Da Cangzhu, raw Cangzhu, fried Cangzhu, fried Maoyu, burnt Cangzhu, Cangzhu charcoal, the system of Cangzhu, fried Cangzhu, etc. Raw Cangzhu for the original herbs to remove impurities, moistened through the slices of the raw medicine into the person. In the prescription, Cangzhu, Maoyu, Maocangzhu, Da Cangzhu all refer to fried Cangzhu, also known as burnt Cangzhu. For Cangzhu slices with bran fried to yellow into the medicine. The system of Cangzhu is also known as rice swill Cangzhu, rice swill water fried Cangzhu. Cangzhu is mixed with rice slop, to be absorbed, and then stir-fried to yellow with the fire into the medicine. Trade name: South Cangzhu: dry rhizome of the plant South Cangzhu, mainly produced in Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Hubei and other places. North Cangzhu: also known as mountain Cangzhu, Hua Cangzhu, for the plant North Cangzhu (gun head vegetable, mountain prickly vegetable) of the dried rhizome. Mainly produced in Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang and other places. Mao Cangzhu: also known as Mao Cangzhu, Mao art, Mao art, Maoshan Cangzhu. South Cangzhu. Named because it is produced in Jiangsu Maoshan. It is a local medicinal material. Best quality. It is sold nationwide and exported. Beijing Cangzhu: also known as Beijing Maozhu. For the South Cangzhu scattered in Nanjing. Han Cangzhu: for the South Cangzhu scattered in Hankou. Produced in Hubei, Jiangxi. Jin Cangzhu: for the north Cangzhu scattered in Tianjin. Guan Cangzhu: the rhizome of the same plant, Atractylodes japonica Koidz.ex. Kitam. Mainly produced in the northeast of China. There are also said to be produced in the northeast of China's northern Cangzhu for "Guan Cangzhu". North Korea Cangzhu: rootstock of A. koreana Nakai of the same genus. Mainly produced in the northeast of China. All-hair Cangzhu: the rhizome of the same genus of plant All-hair Cangzhu A.chinensis Kordz. var. simplicifolia Kitag. Mainly produced in north and northeast China. Chifeng Cangzhu: rhizome of the same genus, Chifeng Cangzhu A. chinensis var. quinqueloba. It is mainly produced in the Chifeng area of northeast China. Liaodong Cangzhu: It is the rhizome of the same genus A. chinensis var. liactungensis Kitag. Mainly produced in Liaodong Peninsula. The above South Cangzhu, North Cangzhu, Mao Cangzhu, Beijing Cangzhu, Han Cangzhu, Jin Cangzhu is the authentic Cangzhu, quality is better. North Korea Cangzhu, the whole hair Cangzhu, Chifeng Cangzhu, Liaodong Cangzhu for Cangzhu of the secondary products, the quality of the second, each species are solid, section of the cinnabar point more, the aroma of the best. Animal and plant resources distribution: ① South Cangzhu distribution in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hebei, Shandong and other places. ② North Cangzhu distribution in Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia and other places. Synonyms I, East Cangzhu distribution in northeast China. Second, North Korea Cangzhu distribution in the northeast. Third, the whole leaf Cangzhu distribution in North China, Northeast. Fourth, Chifeng Cangzhu distribution in northeast Chifeng. V. Liaodong Cangzhu distribution around the Liaodong Peninsula. Herbs ① South Cangzhu is mainly produced in Jiangsu, Hubei, Henan. ② North Cangzhu mainly produced in Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang. Harvesting and storage of herbs: spring and fall can be dug, with fall being better. After digging the rhizome, remove the stump, roots and soil, and dry in the sun. Latin name: Rhizoma Atractylodis original plant ① South Atractylodes Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. ② North Atractylodes Atractylodes chinensis Koidz. Kitam.; A. Koreana Nakai; A. Chinensis Koidz. Var. Simplicifolia Kitag.; A. Chinensis var. Quinqueloba; A. Chinensis var. Liaotungensis. Liaotungensis Concocting method: 1, Cangzhu: pick off impurities, soaked in water to seven, eight through, fish out, moistened through the slices, sun-dried. 2, fried Cangzhu: take Cangzhu slices, sprayed with rice slop water to moisten, placed in the pan with a gentle fire stir-frying until slightly yellow; or pick clean Cangzhu, soaked in rice slop water and fished out, put in a cage drawer heated through the steam, take out, slices, drying to be obtained. 3, charcoal: take the slices of Cangzhu and fry with martial fire until the surface is charred black. With the fire fried until the surface of the charred black, withered yellow stock, water spray removed, sun-dried. 4, salt system: take Cangzhu with a large fire fried until the outer skin charred black, add brine, fried and dried out. Each Cangzhu 1 catty, add salt 5 money, water. ① "Compendium": "Cangzhu sex dry, so the glutinous rice slop soak off its oil, sliced and roasted dry with, also used with the fat flax fried, in order to control its dry." ② "Herbal Description Hook Yuan": "Cangzhu, rice slop soaked and washed very clean, scraped off the skin, mixed with black beans steamed lead. Mixed with honey wine steam, and mixed with human milk through the steam, are moist so that not dry. All three times when steaming, must be baked in the sun very dry, the gas through." Examination and Verification: From "Zhenqi Ben Cao" (Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine) and "Shennong Ben Cao Jing" (Chinese Materia Medica). Identification of herbs: ① Nancangzhu: the dried rhizome of Nancangzhu is cylindrical, bead-like, articulated, curved and constrained, about 3-10 centimeters long and 1-1.5 centimeters in diameter. Surface gray-brown, with root scars and short fibrous roots, visible stem stump. The texture is solid, the fracture surface is flat, yellowish-white, with obvious brownish-red oil glands scattered, habitually called "cinnabar point". Fracture exposed for a little time, can be precipitated white mold-like micro-fine needle-like crystals. Gas aromatic, taste slightly sweet and hard. To a large, solid, hairless beard, inside the cinnabar point, cut the section of the white frost is good. Mainly produces Jiangsu, Hubei, Henan. In addition, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi also produced. Produced in the area of Maoshan, Jiangsu Province, the best quality, so it is called "Maoshu" or "Maoshan Cangzhu", scattered in Nanjing, also known as "Beijing Maoshu", "Beijing Cangzhu". Cangzhu". Produced in Hubei, Jiangxi, more scattered in Hankou, so also known as "Han Cangzhu". (2) North Cangzhu: dry rhizome of the plant North Cangzhu, cylindrical, often divergent or lumpy, irregularly curved, about 4 to 10 centimeters long, 1.5 to 3 centimeters in diameter. The corky skin has been removed, and more rounded stem base or stem scar is seen, or there are hairy buds attached, and there are traces of rootlets falling off or short rootlets attached below. The surface is brownish-brown and rough. Texture light, easy to break, section fibrous, very uneven. Section yellow-white, with reddish-yellow or yellow oil glands scattered, and obvious bundles of woody fibers. Gas aromatic, taste slightly hard. A fat, solid, hairless, aromatic gas is preferred. This species is lighter than the South Cangzhu loose, less oil glands, cut off the surface does not precipitate white mold-like crystals, the aroma is also weaker, the quality of the South Cangzhu for the second. Mainly produced in Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang. In addition, Shandong, Shaanxi, Gansu and other places also produced. Produced in Hebei is mostly distributed in Tianjin, so it is called "Jin Cangzhu". Microscopic identification: (1) Cangzhu (茅苍术) rhizomes and roots transverse section: the cork layer is 30-40 columns of cells, sandwiched between 3-8 stone cell rings, each for 2-3 columns of stone cells. Cortex with scattered fissures producing large oil chambers. Phloem with small oil chambers at inner margin; usually without phloem fibers. Forming layers in rings. Xylem ducts polygonal, smaller, 14-40 μm in diameter; wood fiber bundles situated medially, or spread between clusters of ducts. The rays are wider; the medulla is large, all with oil chambers. The thin-walled cells of this product contain inulin and are filled with microscopic calcium oxalate needle crystals. Powder: brown. Cork stone cells sometimes connected with cork cells, polygonal, rounded, square or rectangular, 28-80 μm in diameter, a few rounded ones as sparse as 96 μm, rectangular ones as long as 135 μm, thick-walled, visible laminae, with yellow material in the lumen, and some of them containing calcium oxalate needle crystals. There are also stone cell wall is very thick, the cell cavity is not obvious, only to see most of the fine dotted pores. ② wood fiber long shuttle-shaped, bluntly rounded or slightly pointed end, diameter 19-40μm, wall is very thick, pore groove is more dense. Calcium oxalate needle crystals are irregularly filled in the thin-walled cells, 8-30μm long. 4. Inulin clusters are slightly fan-shaped, sometimes mixed with needle crystals. 5. In addition, there are reticulated and ciliated perforated ducts; oil chamber fragments and their yellow-brown inclusions; rare calcium oxalate square crystals. (2) North Cangzhu rhizome cross section: with bast fiber bundles. Powder: brownish yellow. ① Cork stone cells with uneven edges, 11-63μm in diameter, about to 90μm in length, laminae are occasionally seen. ② phloem fibers are mostly coarse and short pike-shaped, with bluntly rounded or forked ends, some of which are expanded or acutely protruding in the middle, with a diameter of 27-99 μm, a wall thickness of 5-41 μm, and a fine laminar pattern, with the primary wall easy to be separated from the secondary wall, and some of which appear to be faulted in the secondary wall. Chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine: the rhizome of Cynanchum sativum contains volatile oil of about 5-9%. The main components of the oil are Atractylol, Hinesol and B-Eudesmol. North Cangzhu rhizome contains volatile oil 1.5%, the main components of which are Cangzhu alcohol, Cangzhu ketone (Atractylone), Hinesol and Eudesmol. East Cangzhu rhizome contains volatile oil 1.5%, its main components for Cangzhu alcohol, thatching alcohol, B a eucalyptol, Cangzhu furan hydrocarbons (Atractylodin, Atraetylin), Cangzhu ketone.