Morphological and biological characteristics of 1

Morphological characteristics of 1. 1

Wild lily is a perennial herbaceous bulbous plant with wide oval shape and skinless bulbs, with a diameter of 4-9 cm and a stem height of 25-92 cm. The upper leaves of the erect stem are lanceolate and scattered, and the leaves are green and smooth. Flowers are solitary or inserted at the top of the stem, trumpet-shaped, white, light yellow, orange and other colors, with fragrance.

Biological characteristics of 1.2

The most suitable growth temperature of wild lily is about 20℃, and if the temperature is too low, the growth will be slow or even stop. In order to become a long-day plant, increasing light can lead to early flowering, otherwise, flowering will be delayed. Like soft light or half shade, stems and leaves grow like moist air. However, when cultivated, the humidity of the ambient air is too high and the ventilation is not good, which is easy to cause diseases. It requires high soil and needs to grow in sandy loam with deep, fertile, loose soil layer, good air permeability and good drainage. Sticky soil is not conducive to growth. It is most suitable for acidic soil with pH value of 5.5 ~ 6.5.

2 cultivation techniques

2. 1 Selection of seedbed and planting land

The seedbed should be selected in the soil with convenient transportation, good drainage and irrigation, deep and loose soil layer, rich humus and moist and slightly acidic soil. The seedbed is 25cm high, 1 m wide, and the small-diameter ditch is 50cm. Transplanting is deeper in September ~165438+10 every year, and the distance from the top of the seed ball to the soil surface is 6 ~ 10 cm. East-west high seedbed with row spacing of 20cm and plant spacing of 5cm. Covering with straw or iron dustpan is beneficial to keep water, reduce soil surface temperature, prevent weeds from growing and promote bulb development.

2.2 watering

Generally, wild lilies are drought-tolerant, but their stems and leaves are tender and juicy, and they need plenty of water. Therefore, in the process of growth, there is more demand for water, which is beneficial to the growth of stems and leaves and the development of buds. Too little or too much watering after planting is not conducive to growth, and the stems and leaves are easy to weaken, wither or grow.

2.3 Fertilization

Wild lily has developed root system and strong absorption capacity, so it is necessary to ensure adequate nutrition in the stem and leaf growth period, underground bulb expansion period and budding period. In the stem and leaf growth period and underground bulb expansion period, it is more beneficial to apply nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer; At the budding stage, low concentration nitrogen fertilizer was applied to promote bud formation.

2.4 lighting

Light has a great influence on the growth and flowering of wild lily, which is not only related to the length of light, but also related to the intensity of light. Therefore, if there is too much light in summer, it is necessary to shade properly, otherwise plants will be short if there is too much light. If the sunshine time is too short, the quality of cut flowers will also decrease obviously.

2.5 temperature

Temperature control is very important for obtaining high quality cut flowers. At the initial stage of growth, the temperature to promote its rooting is 9 ~ 65438 03℃; During the culture period, the day and night temperature should be kept at 20 ~ 25℃ and 10 ~ 15℃. If the daytime temperature exceeds 30℃, ventilation measures or shading should be taken; If the temperature reaches 15 ~ 20℃ at night, it will also make the wild lily grow poorly.

3 pest control

3. 1 pest

There are few pests in lily, a small number of aphids and scale insects harm leaves, and underground pests (cutworms and mole crickets) harm underground bulbs and bulbs, which can be controlled by 500-800 times of 40% omethoate or 500-600 times of dichlorvos.

3.2 disease

Lily is a bulbous flower plant with relatively many diseases, but the main diseases are virus disease, damping-off disease and leaf spot disease.

Virus disease: it harms the whole plant, resulting in no new roots and leaves, short and tufted leaves, and plant atrophy, leading to yellowing, withering and death. The control method is to spray 1 times of plant virus vaccine or 600 times of virus net solution to the roots every month, so as to weaken the virus activity in plants and prevent plant diseases.

Rhizoctonia solani: it harms roots and bulbs, causes rot and makes the whole plant stand upright and die. The control method is to select disease-free bulbs and carry out drug treatment when planting. Usually, it is necessary to apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and less nitrogen fertilizers to enhance the disease resistance of plants. Spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time to the roots every month, and the fertilization amount is 25 ~ 30g/ plant. At the onset, the roots were irrigated with 1000 times copper sulfate solution or 600 times dixone solution every 7 ~ 100 days.

Leaf spot: it harms leaves, causing dark brown leaf spot caused by waterlogging, leading to leaf chlorosis, yellowing, even withering, shedding and death. The control method is to spray carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl on leaves for 500 ~ 1000 times, about 10 day, 1 month, which can achieve good results.