the Spring Festival; Chinese New Year
The Spring Festival refers to the traditional Lunar New Year in the cultural circle of Chinese characters. The traditional names are New Year, New Year, and New Year, but they are also verbally called New Year, Celebrating New Year, and Chinese New Year. In ancient times, the Spring Festival used to refer to beginning of spring in solar terms, which was also regarded as the beginning of a year. Later, it was changed to the first day of the first lunar month as the New Year. Generally speaking, it doesn't end until the 15th day of the first month (Shangyuan Festival), but in the folk, the traditional Spring Festival refers to the sacrificial stove from La Worship in the twelfth lunar month or on the 23rd or 24th of the twelfth lunar month until the 19th day of the first lunar month. The Spring Festival, commonly known as the "New Year Festival", is the most solemn traditional festival of the Chinese nation. People in China have celebrated the Spring Festival for more than 4,000 years.
During the Spring Festival, Han people and some ethnic minorities in China will hold various celebrations. The main contents of these activities are offering sacrifices to ancestors, paying homage to ancestors, getting rid of the old and spreading the new, welcoming the new year, and praying for a good harvest. The activities of the Spring Festival are rich and colorful, with strong ethnic characteristics. Influenced by Chinese culture, some countries and nations belonging to the Chinese character cultural circle also have the custom of celebrating the Spring Festival.
The Spring Festival is a family reunion festival for the Chinese nation. On this day, people try their best to go home and reunite with their loved ones, expressing their ardent expectations for the coming year and their good wishes for life in the new year. The Spring Festival is not only a festival, but also an important carrier for China people to release their emotions and satisfy their psychological demands. It is also the annual carnival and eternal spiritual pillar of the Chinese nation.
the Lantern Festival
Lantern Festival began in the Qin Dynasty more than 2,000 years ago. Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty ordered the fifteenth day of the first month to be designated as the Lantern Festival. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the sacrificial activities of "Taiyi God" were scheduled for the 15th day of the first month (Taiyi: the God who rules everything in the universe). When Sima Qian founded the "taichu calendar", he had identified the Lantern Festival as a major festival. The first month is the first month of the lunar calendar, and the ancients called the night "Xiao", and the fifteenth day is the first full moon night in a year, so the fifteenth day of the first month is called the Lantern Festival.
On June 14, 2008, the Lantern Festival was declared in Huairou District, Miyun County, Beijing, Liulin County, Shanxi Province, Yuxian County, Hebei Province, Mawei District, Quanzhou City, Jinjiang City, Xianyou County, Liancheng County, Yongchang County, Gansu Province, and Ledu County, Qinghai Province (the custom of gathering clever rice, the custom of the nine-curved Yellow River array lanterns, the Liulin plate meeting and the worship of lanterns in Yuxian County).
20 1413 February, the Lantern Festival declared by Mentougou District, Beijing, Luanping County, Hebei Province, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, Ninghai County, Zhangdian District, Zibo City, Shandong Province, and Binxian County, Shaanxi Province (Qianjuntai Zhuanghu Zanhui, Lunhua, River Dragon Lantern Festival, Qiantong Yuanxiao Guild, Zibo Lantern Festival).
Qingming Festival
Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as the outing festival, is at the turn of mid-spring and late spring, that is, the first 108 day after the winter solstice. It is a traditional festival in China, and it is also one of the most important festivals for offering sacrifices to ancestors and sweeping graves. The traditional Tomb-Sweeping Day of Han nationality in China began in the Zhou Dynasty, with a history of more than 2,500 years. Influenced by the Han culture, 24 ethnic minorities in China, such as Manchu, Hezhe, Zhuang, Oroqen, Dong, Tujia, Miao, Yao, Li, Shui, Jing and Qiang, have also had the customs of Tomb-Sweeping Day. Grave-sweeping and ancestral worship and outing are the basic themes.
Qingming is only the name of a solar term at first, and it has become a festival to commemorate ancestors, which is related to the Cold Food Festival. Jin Wengong designated the day after the Cold Food Festival as Tomb-Sweeping Day. In most parts of Shanxi, the Cold Food Festival was celebrated the day before Tomb-Sweeping Day. Yushe County and other places celebrated the Cold Food Festival two days before Tomb-Sweeping Day; Yuanqu County also pays attention to Tomb-Sweeping Day's Cold Food Festival the day before and light cold food the day before.
Tomb-Sweeping Day is one of the important "Eight Festivals of the Year" in China. Generally, it is around April 5th of Gregorian calendar, and the festival is very long. There are two sayings: 8 days before 10 and 8 days after 10, which belong to Tomb-Sweeping Day in recent 20 days. Tomb-Sweeping Day originally refers to the 15th day after the vernal equinox.1In 935, the government of the Republic of China designated April 5th as a national holiday in Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as the national grave-sweeping festival.
Dragon Boat Festival
Dragon Boat Festival is the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, also known as Duanyang Festival, Noon Festival and May Festival. "Dragon Boat Festival" is one of the national legal holidays in China, and has been included in the world intangible cultural heritage list.
Dragon Boat Festival originated in China. It was originally a festival for people in China to get rid of diseases and prevent epidemics. Before the Spring and Autumn Period in wuyue, there was a custom of holding tribal totem sacrifices in the form of dragon boat race on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. Later, because the poet Qu Yuan died on this day, it became a traditional festival for Chinese to commemorate Qu Yuan. In some areas, Wu Zixu and Cao E are also commemorated.
On the Dragon Boat Festival, there are customs of eating zongzi, drinking realgar wine, hanging calamus, wormwood, mugwort leaves, fumigating Atractylodes rhizome, angelica dahurica and racing dragon boats.
Qixi Festival；Chinese Valentine's Day
Chinese Valentine's Day, also known as Begging for Cleverness Festival, Seven Cleverness Festival or Seven Sisters' Birthday, originated in China. It is a traditional festival in Chinese areas and some East Asian countries influenced by Han culture. On the night of the seventh or sixth day of the seventh lunar month, women beg for wisdom from Vega in the courtyard, so it is called "Begging for Cleverness".
It originated from the worship of nature and women's needlework, and was later endowed with the legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl, making it a festival symbolizing love.
On May 20, 2006, Chinese Valentine's Day was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list by the Chinese people and the State Council, and is now considered as "Valentine's Day in China".
Mid-Autumn Festival
Mid-Autumn Festival, also known as Moon Festival, Autumn Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, August Festival, August Festival, Moon Chasing Festival, Moon Festival, Daughter's Day or Reunion Festival, is a traditional cultural festival popular among many ethnic groups in China and East Asian countries, which falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. Because it is just half the value of Sanqiu, hence the name, some places set the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 16th.
The Mid-Autumn Festival began in the early years of the Tang Dynasty and prevailed in the Song Dynasty. By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it had become one of the major festivals in China along with New Year's Day. Influenced by Chinese culture, Mid-Autumn Festival is also a traditional festival for overseas Chinese in some countries in East and Southeast Asia, especially local Chinese. Mid-Autumn Festival has been listed as a national legal holiday since 2008. On May 20, 2006, the festival was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.
Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the three major lantern festivals in China, so we should play with lanterns on holidays. However, there is no large-scale lantern festival in Mid-Autumn Festival, and playing with lanterns is mainly between families and children.
Double Ninth Festival
Double Ninth Festival, also known as Double Ninth Festival, Sunbathing Autumn Festival and "Treading Autumn", is a traditional festival of Han nationality. Celebrating the Double Ninth Festival will generally include activities such as traveling to enjoy autumn, climbing high into the distance, watching chrysanthemums, inserting dogwoods all over, eating double ninth cake and drinking chrysanthemum wine.
The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is also the four traditional festivals of ancestor worship in China. The Double Ninth Festival was formed as early as the Warring States Period, and was officially designated as a folk festival in the Tang Dynasty. Since then, it has been passed down from generation to generation. Chongyang and the "spring outing" on the third day of March are all family members. On Chongyang, all relatives should climb the mountain together to "avoid disaster".
Winter Solstice
Winter Solstice is an important solar term in the China lunar calendar and a traditional festival of the Chinese nation. The winter solstice is commonly known as "Winter Festival", "Long solstice Festival" and "Asian New Year". As early as the Spring and Autumn Period more than 2,500 years ago, China had observed the sun with Tugui and determined the winter solstice, which was the earliest one of the 24 solar terms, and the time was between the Gregorian calendar1February 2 1 day and 23rd every year.
On the winter solstice, the sun's direct position on the ground reaches the southernmost point of the year, almost directly to the Tropic of Capricorn (23 26' south latitude). On this day, the northern hemisphere got the least sunshine, 50% less than the southern hemisphere. The day in the northern hemisphere is the shortest, and the farther north it is, the shorter it is. For example, at the southernmost tip of China-Zengmu shoal (2 33' north latitude), the daytime is 1 1 hour 59 minutes, Haikou is about1hour 55 minutes, Hangzhou is1hour 12 minutes, and Beijing is about 9 hours 20 minutes. After the winter solstice, the stars in the night sky are completely replaced by winter stars, and from today on, they will enter the ninth. At this time, the southern hemisphere is in the hot summer.
More commonly, there is a custom of eating jiaozi on the winter solstice in northern China. As the saying goes: "When the winter solstice comes, eat dumplings." In the south, dumplings are eaten, but there are exceptions. For example, in Tengzhou, Qufu and Zoucheng, Shandong Province, the custom of counting nine on the winter solstice is popular, and the custom of drinking mutton soup on the same day means driving away the cold. Eating customs vary from place to place, but eating dumplings is the most common.