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Identification method of lilac flowers
① Lilac, also known as lilac and bougainvillea, is a deciduous shrub or small tree of Meliaceae. The plant is about 4-5 meters high, the bark is dark gray or grayish brown, and the branches are smooth and hairless. The leaves are ovoid or kidney-shaped, with acute apex, heart-shaped leaf base, entire and leathery. It blooms in early spring, with single or double petals. It blooms on the twigs of the year before last, terminal or axillary. The flower ends are divided, tubular and panicle-shaped, with soft purple petals and fragrant fragrance. It is a famous garden flower in China. The flowering period of lilac is from April to May, and the fruit is ripe in September-1October. The capsule is squashed, with a sharp apex and two winged seeds in each chamber. The seeds can be sown after they are harvested, or they can be stored in secret until the next spring.

Lilac originated in China. According to statistics, there are about 28 species of lilac in the world, and 23 species in China, mainly distributed in North China, Northeast China, Northwest China and the Yangtze River Basin. The main varieties and varieties are: white clove, lilac, bergamot clove, Beijing clove, Yunnan clove, Sichuan clove, Kanto clove, lobular clove, feather clove, red clove, blue clove, mosaic and so on.

How to cultivate and manage lilacs?

Clove likes sunshine, is slightly resistant to shade, has strong cold tolerance, is also resistant to drought, likes humidity, and avoids waterlogging. Strong resistance, lax requirements for soil, but it is suitable for growing in fertile, loose and well-drained soil, and should not be planted in low-lying and damp places.

Cloves should be transplanted before the buds sprout in early spring. In the transplanting hole, sufficient base fertilizer should be applied first, and a layer of soil should be covered on the base fertilizer, and then the seedlings should be filled with soil. After planting, water it once, and then water it 2-3 times to survive. Clove has strong adaptability and extensive management. As long as attention is paid to weeding, waterlogging prevention in rainy season and watering in drought, it can grow smoothly. Cloves don't like big fertilizer, so don't apply too much fertilizer, so as not to cause branches to grow in vain and affect flowering. Generally, decomposed compost can be applied once a year or every other year before winter.

Before germination in mid-March, clove should be trimmed, and sulfur should be removed from dense branches, weak branches, pests and diseases, and long branches should be cut in the middle to make the crown ventilated and transparent. If no seeds are left after the flower withers, the residual flowers and two buds at the lower part of the ear can be cut off to reduce nutrient consumption and promote the germination of new branches and the formation of flower buds. After defoliation, pruning can also be carried out once to ensure that the crown is round and beautiful, which is conducive to growth and flowering in the coming year.

Lilac diseases and insect pests are rare. The main pests are aphids, marsupials and spiny moths. It can be controlled by spraying 800-1 1000 times 40% dimethoate emulsion or 1000 times 25% iminophosphate emulsion.

How do lilacs reproduce?

Clove can be propagated by many methods, such as dividing plants, layering, grafting, cutting and sowing, and sowing and dividing plants are generally used.

Sowing takes place in early April. First, soak the special seeds in hot water at 40-50℃ for 1-2 hours, take them out, mix them in the proportion of one seed and two sands, put them in the sunny place, cover them with straw bags or sacks, and water them frequently to keep them moist. After about a week, the seeds can germinate, and then sow.

Plant division can be carried out in March or 1 1 every month. As long as the stems and branches clustered at the root of the mother plant are separated and transplanted separately. Cutting should be carried out in autumn. Most of the rootstocks are Ligustrum lucidum and Fraxinus mandshurica, and the grafting method is high. Generally, the grafting is carried out at the place where the rootstocks are off the ground 120-1 150 cm, and the buds and scions should be selected from the mother plants of excellent varieties. We should also pay attention to cutting off the new branches and buds of rootstock at any time, so as not to consume nutrition, and make the buds and scions stunted and usurp the host's role. The layering propagation should be carried out in February. When layering, the thick branches should be girdled. The layering can bloom 2-3 years after survival.

Lilacs should be planted in the ground or cut in pots. When transplanting, the roots should carry as much soil as possible, so it is easy to survive.

How to plant lilacs?

Clove likes sunshine, is slightly resistant to shade, likes humidity, avoids water accumulation, is cold-resistant and drought-resistant, and generally does not need to be watered more. Fertile and well-drained sandy loam is required. If planted in a shady environment, the branches are slender and weak, the inflorescence is short and loose, and the flowers are dull. If planted on barren land, it can grow, but the flowers are few and thin. Therefore, it should be planted in sunny, fertile and deep soil. When planting, you need to take a lump of soil, cut off some branches appropriately, and fill it with water after planting. In the future, when the weather is dry in spring every year, it is necessary to water the buds once before and after flowering. Cloves don't like big fertilizer, so don't apply too much fertilizer, otherwise it will easily lead to vain growth and affect flowering. Generally, decomposed compost is applied once a year or before winter every other year to supplement the nutrients in the soil. After the flower withers, if no seeds are left, the residual flowers can be cut off together with the two buds at the lower part of the ear, and at the same time, some branches with too dense internal cavities can be thinned out, which is beneficial to ventilation, light transmission and beautiful tree shape, and is beneficial to promoting the germination of new branches and the formation of flower buds. After defoliation, the branches of diseases and insect pests, dead branches and slender branches can be cut off, and the cross branches, overgrown branches, overlapping branches and over-dense branches can be properly chopped to make the branches evenly distributed and keep the crown round, which is beneficial to the growth and flowering in the next year. When planting lilacs in the ground, special attention should be paid to drainage and waterlogging prevention in rainy season. Because the accumulated water is too long, it is easy to fall leaves and die.

② Last name: Lilac (member of Strings Group)

English name: Julie

Date of birth: April 8th.

Origin: Hunan

Constellation: Aries

Blood type: O type

Height: 160CM

Body weight: 42KG

Extra long: playing guitar and singing.

The most admired artist: Leslie Cheung

Favorite sports: swimming, fitness.

Favorite city: Paris

Favorite season: autumn

Favorite food: fruit salad

Favorite drink (tea): yogurt

Favorite clothing brand: DIY

Favorite ornament: necklace

Favorite color: Brown.

Favorite magazine: Music heaven

Favorite book: Too mang

Favorite movie: moonlight express.

Favorite song: "Only you"

Favorite pet: DOG

My biggest hobby: singing.

Career you want to try most: Dancer

What do you admire most about yourself? Cheerfulness!

The biggest wish: your favorite music is recognized by everyone.

The most unforgettable thing: the regional competition of Super Girl.

Self-evaluation: rumor terminator

Motto: Enjoy every day

personal record

In February 2005, "Far away" and "All fools are the same" were recorded in "Will you love me" super album.

Super Girl Hunan Singing District Champion in 2004

Since 2004, the host of Hunan entertainment channel "Music Y Zone"

2000 Jingshi Beauty Girl (Star Alliance)

1999 Life Channel Guitar Competition

Name of medicine: clove

Spelling: DINGXIANG

English name: Flos Caryophyllata

Source: It is the flower bud of clove, a dicotyledonous herb.

Efficacy: warming the middle warmer, warming the kidney, and lowering the adverse reaction.

Main treatment: treatment of hiccup, vomiting, nausea, dysentery, cold pain in the heart, addiction, hernia and tinea.

Tropism of nature and taste: pungent and warm. ① "Kaibao Materia Medica": "pungent, warm and nontoxic."

Entering stomach, spleen and kidney meridians. ① Herbal Decoction: "Start with Taiyin, Foot Yangming and Shaoyin Meridian." ② "Explanation of the nature of Leigong's processed drugs": "Entering the four meridians of lung, spleen, stomach and kidney."

Usage and dosage: oral administration, decoction, 0.3 ~1money; Or into the pill, scattered. External use: grinding and dressing.

Avoid medication: people with fever and internal heat due to yin deficiency should avoid taking it. Li Gao: "The winner of qi and blood can't be convinced, and clove benefits its qi." "Herbal Classics": "All those who have fire syndrome should avoid it, and should not use it unless it is deficiency cold."

Compatibility of drugs: On Leigong's Processing: "No fire is visible. Fear of Yujin. "

Other names: Ding Zixiang (Qi Min Yao Shu), Zhi Jiexiang, Male Lilac (Herbal Misty) and Clove (Herbal Primitive). Prescription name: clove, clove

Prescription name: clove, male ding and male clove

Trade names: cloves, cloves. The buds are dry, big, full, brownish purple and fresh, with strong aroma and oily feet.

Medicinal parts: the root (clove root), bark (clove bark), branch (clove branch), fruit (female clove) and volatile oil (clove oil) obtained by distillation of flower buds of this plant are also used for medicine, with detailed articles for each.

Distribution of animal and plant resources: distributed in Malaysia and Africa, cultivated in Guangdong and Guangxi. Medicinal materials are mainly produced in Tanzania, Malaysia, Indonesia and other places. There are a few products in Guangdong, China.

Collection and storage of medicinal materials: usually from September to March of the following year, when the flower buds turn from green to bright red.

Latin name: Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr.et Perry, the original plant.

Processing method: remove pedicels after picking and dry in the sun.

Examination: from "Kaibao Materia Medica", the theory of medicinal properties; (1) The Theory of Lei Gong's Baking: "Every envoy (clove) is male and female, the male is small and the female is big, like a jujube stone. There are many females in the recipe, and the strength is great, and the male is used in the ointment. " 2 "Kaibao Materia Medica": "Lilac, picked in February and August. According to the picture of lilacs sent from Guangzhou, the tree is more than ten feet high, with leaves like oak leaves, round and thin flowers and yellow flowers, and it is not carved in winter. Doctors only use roots. The child is like a nail, three or four minutes long, purple, and some of them are as thick as dogwood. They are commonly called female cloves and can be used as medicine in the heart. "

Identification of raw medicinal materials: the dried flower buds are slightly short-rod-shaped, with a length of1.5 ~ 2 cm and reddish brown to dark brown; The lower part is a cylindrical slightly flat calyx tube, which is1~1.3 cm long, about 5 mm wide and about 3 mm thick. The base is gradually narrowed, and the surface is rough, with oil oozing out. There are 4 triangular thick calyx on the upper end of the calyx tube. The upper part is nearly spherical, about 6 mm in diameter, with 4 petals, embracing each other. When the bud is cut open, it can be seen that most stamens are bent toward the center, and there is a thick and upright style in the center, which is solid and heavy and sinks when entering the water; The section is oily, and it can be seen that the oil is oozing with nails; Strong fragrance and pungent taste. It is better to be big, stout, bright purple-brown, with strong aroma and more oil. Microscopic identification: in the cross section of the receptacle, the epidermis is 1 row of flat cells, and the cuticle is thick. The cortex is wide, and there are 2 ~ 3 rows of radially extended oil chambers scattered outside. There are 20 ~ 50 small double-tough vascular bundles in the stele, which are arranged in a ring intermittently, and there are a few lignified fibers around the vascular bundles; The inner side is a ventilated tissue composed of parenchyma cells with large intercellular spaces. The center is an axial column with about 17 tiny vascular bundles. The parenchyma cells of this product contain fine calcium oxalate clusters. Powder: dark red. ① Most of the fibers are scattered, spindle-shaped, with flat or wavy edges, some with irregular beaded protrusions and twisted air, with a length of106 ~ 648 μ m, a diameter of12 ~ 68 μ m, a wall thickness of 5 ~ 23 μ m, slightly lignified, sparse or inconspicuous pores and grooves, and some cells contain. ② The pollen grains are triangular in polar view, with equatorial axis length12 ~ 30μ m, and the equatorial surface is biconvex mirror with three pairs of furrows. ③ Most of the clusters of calcium oxalate exist in smaller parenchyma cells, and several clusters are connected in rows, with a diameter of 3.5 ~ 26 μ m.. In addition, a few small square crystals can be seen. ④ The oil chamber is round or oval, with a diameter of about 150μm, which is mostly broken, with indistinct boundaries of secretory cells, and some contain yellow oil. ⑤ The epidermal cells of receptacle are square or rectangular in cross section, and are surrounded by cuticle; On the surface, it is polygonal or rectangular. ⑥ Cells in the inner wall of pollen sac are rectangular in cross-section, and the wall has strip or reticular thickening. ⑦ The surface of filament epidermal cells is rectangle-like, the vertical wall is wavy and curved, and the outer flat wall is wavy and horny. In addition, there are fine threaded ducts and polygonal-like petal epidermal cells. This product is big, stout, reddish brown, oily enough, can sink in water, has a strong aroma and has no broken powder. According to the Pharmacopoeia of Guohua People's Republic of China (1995 edition), the content of volatile oil shall not be less than 16.0%(ml/g).

Chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine: flower buds contain volatile oil, namely clove oil. The oil mainly contains Eugenol, acetoeugenol, B- Caryophyllene, and methyl n-amyl ketone, methyl salicylate, Humuleno, benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, m-methoxybenzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, Chavicol, a-indigo (a-Ylangene). There are also wild varieties that do not contain eugenol (64 ~ 85% in common clove oil), but contain Eugenone and Eugenin. The flowers also contain triterpenes such as Oleanolic acid, flavonoids and Rham-netin, Kaempferol, Eugenitin, Isoeugenitin and its demethylated compound IsoeugenitoI.

Chemical identification of traditional Chinese medicine: (1) Take a little powder, add chloroform drop by drop, stir well, then add 3% sodium hydroxide saturated solution of sodium chloride 1 drop, add cover glass, and let it stand for a moment, and sodium syringol will crystallize out. (2) Take the slice, directly add lye and cover glass, and it can be seen that needle-like sodium eugenol crystals are formed in the oil chamber. (3) TLC identification: take 0.5g of this product powder, add 5ml of ether, shake for several minutes, filter, and filtrate the test solution. Take another eugenol reference substance and add ether to make a reference substance solution. Dot the two solutions on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, spread them with petroleum ether (60 ~ 90℃)-ethyl acetate (9:1), take them out and dry them, spray 5% vanillin sulfuric acid solution, and dry them at 105℃. It can be seen that the donor liquid chromatography and the reference solution chromatography show the same color spots at the same position.

Description: Treat toothache, bronchitis, neuralgia, gastric acid, resist respiratory and urinary system infection, relieve discomfort and pain caused by dysentery, improve weak constitution and anemia, aphrodisiac (impotence, cold sensation), and expel worms. Promote blood circulation, treat skin ulcer and wound inflammation, treat scabies and improve rough skin.

nature

Nail-like reddish-brown flower bud is the raw material of essential oil. The average height of the tree is about 5 ~ 6 meters. It is mainly produced in Sri Lanka, Guawa and Madagascar. It is made by distillation. Its fragrance is a little fresh moss and woody flowers, which is indispensable for perfume manufacturing. It is often added to wine, and the color of essential oil is transparent and colorless.

Historical clinical record

It is a good plant and insect repellent for plague antibacterial agents, which is helpful for digestion.

Need to know in use

Irritating to the skin.

efficacy

Headache, toothache, halitosis, bronchitis, abdominal pain and diarrhea, dyspepsia, nausea and vomiting, flatulence, arthritis, rheumatalgia, impotence and premature ejaculation cold sensation, anti-cellulitis, improving memory, eliminating drowsiness and aphrodisiac.

Essential oil purchase grade

One of the ten essential oils with special properties.

Psychological plane

It has a positive effect on the mood and relieves the unhappiness or chest tightness caused by emotional stagnation.

Physiological surface

It can inhibit the growth of bacteria and microorganisms, and has no irritation to human mucosal tissue after dilution, so it can be used in dental and oral treatment with peace of mind, which makes people have the association of "dentist". Although this association has far away people's willingness to get close to clove, it also proves that the sterilization and disinfection ability of clove is widely trusted by the medical community.

It has the effects of invigorating stomach, relieving flatulence, promoting exhaust, and relieving nausea and bad breath caused by gastric fermentation. Relieve abdominal pain caused by diarrhea.

To alleviate the symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection, clove has the effect of purifying the air, and the antibacterial ability of the body can be increased by using the fragrance expander and breathing.

Hair skin surface

After dilution, it can be used for skin wounds such as sores, carbuncles, furuncles, etc., and has the effects of reducing swelling, relieving inflammation and promoting healing.

Primary essential oil magic

The massage oil prepared by cloves can be applied to the temples, which can relieve the headache of puffiness.

Using 3d cloves and adding them to 200CC water for gargling can eliminate oral odor and prevent tooth decay and gingivitis.

Advanced essential oil magic

When catching a cold: use a drop of thyme, lavender, clove and tea tree and inhale by steaming, or drop thyme, eucalyptus, peppermint and clove on a handkerchief or tissue and inhale deeply near your nose.

Place of use

Office, study and dining room

method of application

The fragrance expander spreads the fragrance, massages the abdomen and rubs it around skin wounds and ulcers.

matters need attention

Can not be directly used for bathing, if you want to use a bath or foot bath, you need to mix it with creamer (cream ball) and put it in low water.

So as not to stimulate.

Name: Lilac

Alias: Baijie, Lover, Lilac

Family name: Oleaceae

Category: Shrub

Latin name: Syringa oblata

ecological habit

Weak positive, drought-tolerant, avoid low humidity, flowering in April-May.

morphological character

Syringa plants are deciduous shrubs or small trees. Winter buds ovate with scales. Branchlets are round and pith is solid. Simple leaves opposite, elliptic or lanceolate, petiolate, entire or sometimes divided, rarely pinnately compound leaves. Flowers bisexual, terminal or lateral panicles. Calyx small, bell-shaped, 4-toothed or truncate, persistent. Corolla is small, funnel-shaped, with 4 lobes of different shades, such as white, purple, purple and blue-purple. Stamens 2, inserted in the middle or upper part of corolla tube. The ovary is 2-loculed, with 1-2 seeds in each locule, oblong, flat and wingless. Capsule oblong, smooth or warty, cell dorsal cracking.

Garden use

Syringa is mainly used for garden viewing. Because of its unique fragrance, huge and lush inflorescence, elegant and harmonious colors, plump and beautiful posture, it has long enjoyed a good reputation among ornamental flowers and trees, and has become an indispensable flower in gardens at home and abroad. It can be planted on the roadside, lawn or sunny slope, or planted on the edge of the forest with other flowers and trees, or planted alone in front of the courtyard and outside the window, or planted with various lilacs in an interspersed way to form a special lilac garden. It is also suitable for potted plants, and it is a good material for cutting flowers into bottles. Clove has strong resistance to sulfur dioxide, hydrogen fluoride and other toxic gases, so it is also a good material for greening and beautifying industrial and mining areas.

Distribution of origin

Syringa plants are mainly distributed in temperate regions of Asia and southeastern Europe. 24 species made in China are widely distributed. It starts from Heilongjiang in the north, Yunnan in the south, Liaoning in the east, and Sichuan and Tibet in the west, with Qinling as its distribution center.