1, high blood pressure symptoms
Headache, part of the back of the head, and accompanied by nausea, vomiting and other symptoms. If you often feel a headache, and very intense, and at the same time nausea and vomiting, it may be a signal to malignant hypertension. Vertigo, which is more common in women, may be felt when suddenly squatting or standing up. Tinnitus, a ringing in both ears that lasts for a long time.
Palpitations and shortness of breath, hypertension can lead to myocardial hypertrophy, heart enlargement, myocardial infarction, cardiac insufficiency. These are the symptoms that lead to palpitations and shortness of breath. Insomnia, most of the difficulty in falling asleep, waking up early, sleep is not solid, easy to have nightmares, easy to wake up. This is related to cerebral cortical dysfunction and autonomic dysfunction.
Numbness of the limbs, common fingers, toes numbness or skin, such as the feeling of ants, fingers are not flexible. Other parts of the body may also experience numbness, abnormal sensations, or even hemiplegia.
2, what is hypertension
Hypertension is a cardiovascular syndrome with elevated arterial pressure in the body circulation as the main clinical manifestation. Hypertension is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure is ≥140mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure is ≥90mmHg when measured three times on non-same day without the use of anti-hypertensive drugs. Hypertension is the most common chronic disease and the most important risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and its main complications such as stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure and chronic kidney disease not only cause disability, but also have a high mortality rate. Hypertension generally refers to primary hypertension. Primary hypertension accounts for more than 90% of hypertension. The cause of hypertension is still not very clear, and the cause and pathogenesis are different for each individual, with a large degree of individual variability.
3, high blood pressure treatment
1, improve lifestyle behavior
Reduce the amount of meals, reduce weight. Reduce sodium intake. Supplement with calcium and potassium. Reduce fat intake. Increase exercise. Stop smoking and limit alcohol consumption.
2. Types of antihypertensive drugs
Diuretics. β-blockers. Calcium channel blockers. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. Angiotensin II receptor blockers.
Blood pressure control standard individualization due to different etiology, hypertension pathogenesis is not the same, the clinical use of drugs are treated separately, choose the most appropriate drugs and dosage, in order to obtain the best therapeutic effect.
3, treatment program
Most patients without complications or comorbidities can be used alone or in combination with thiazide diuretics, β-blockers and so on. Treatment should start with a small dose and gradually increase the dose. In clinical practice, patients' cardiovascular risk factor status, target organ damage, complications, comorbidities, antihypertensive efficacy, adverse effects, etc., will affect the choice of antihypertensive drugs. Patients with secondary hypertension can be treated with a combination of two antihypertensive drugs at the beginning.
4, high blood pressure diet
1, celery hawthorn porridge
Celery hawthorn porridge has the efficacy of lipid-lowering and antihypertensive, liver and dampness, the main materials are celery root, stalked rice, hawthorn, salt, monosodium glutamate, each appropriate amount.
2, Chinese wolfberry pig kidney porridge
Chinese wolfberry pig kidney porridge has the effect of tonifying the kidneys and lowering blood pressure, the main material has stalked rice, Chinese wolfberry, pig kidney, salt.
We can usually eat more of these foods in our lives, not only to nourish the body but also for the alleviation of high blood pressure has a lot of benefits.
3, Job's tears and ginseng porridge
Barley and ginseng porridge has a spleen and dampness, replenishment of gas and blood effects, suitable for hypertension gas deficiency and dampness obstruction type patients, the main material has stalked rice, barley, ginseng.
4, Poria lentil porridge
Poria lentil porridge has the spleen and the middle, dampness and detoxification effect, the main treatment of hypertension patients with spleen deficiency and dampness, the main ingredients are red dates, white lentils, terraced rice, poria.
5, garlic porridge
Garlic porridge has the effect of lowering blood lipids, the main material is stalked rice, garlic.
Garlic is a very common food in life, is also very cheap, but it has a lot of efficacy, you can eat more garlic in life Oh, not only sterilization, but also reduce blood fat.
5, prevent high blood pressure
1, regular blood pressure measurement
This is an effective way to early detection of symptomatic hypertension. People with a family history of hypertension should have their blood pressure checked regularly from childhood. Normal pediatric systolic blood pressure=age×2+80(mmhg), diastolic blood pressure is 2/3-3/5 of systolic blood pressure. 12/0.7kpa(120/80mmhg) is the normal maximum value for school children. for people with no family history of high blood pressure, blood pressure should be measured regularly from the age of 40 years old, and some patients with high blood pressure can remain asymptomatic for 10-20 years, and once detected it has been more than stage II.
2, salt limitation
Many studies have proved that salt intake is positively correlated with the incidence of hypertension. People who have low sodium throughout their lives are almost free of hypertension. According to the World Health Organization, the daily salt intake per person is 3-5g, which has a good effect on the prevention of hypertension. People with a family history of high blood pressure, it is best to eat only 2-3g of salt per day.
3, quit smoking
Smoking can make blood pressure rise, heart rate faster, smoking a cigarette can sometimes make blood pressure rise 3.33kpa (25mmhg). Nicotine acts on the vasomotor center and also increases adrenaline secretion, causing small arteries to contract. Long-term in the amount of smoking, can make small arteries continue to contract, long time arterial wall degeneration, hardening, narrowing of the lumen, the formation of persistent hypertension.
4, weight control
Overweight brings many side effects to the body. The prevalence of hypertension in fat people is 2-6 times higher than that of people with normal weight, while reducing weight can normalize blood pressure. Some people have moderate hypertension for 5-10 years of observation, found that the average weight loss of 5%, had made 2/3 of the patients rely on drugs to lower blood pressure to give up medication; lower body weight can also significantly reduce the dose of antihypertensive drugs. Control high sugar. High-fat food, small meals, and actively participate in physical exercise is the heavy method.
6. Clinical manifestations of hypertension
The symptoms of hypertension vary from person to person. In the early stage, there may be no symptoms or symptoms are not obvious, the common is dizziness, headache, neck plate tightness, fatigue, palpitation and so on. Increased blood pressure occurs only after exertion, stress, and emotional fluctuations, and returns to normal after rest. With the prolonged course of the disease, the blood pressure obviously continues to rise, and various symptoms will gradually appear. At this point, it is known as slowly progressive hypertension. Common clinical symptoms of slowly progressive hypertension include headache, dizziness, lack of concentration, memory loss, numbness of limbs, increased nocturia, palpitations, chest tightness, and fatigue. Symptoms of hypertension are related to blood pressure level, most of the symptoms can be aggravated after tension or exertion, and blood pressure can rise rapidly after early morning activities, resulting in early morning hypertension, leading to cardiovascular and cerebral vascular events occurring mostly in the early morning.
When the blood pressure suddenly rises to a certain level even severe headache, vomiting, palpitations, dizziness and other symptoms, serious confusion, convulsions, which belongs to the acute type of hypertension and hypertension critical illness, mostly in a short period of time will occur in the heart, brain, kidneys and other organs of the serious damage and lesions, such as stroke, cardiac infarction, renal failure and so on. There is no consistent relationship between symptoms and the level of elevated blood pressure.
The clinical manifestations of secondary hypertension are mainly symptoms and signs about the primary disease, and high blood pressure is only one of its symptoms. The elevation of blood pressure in patients with secondary hypertension can have its own characteristics, such as hypertension due to aortic constriction can be limited to the upper limbs; pheochromocytoma-induced blood pressure increase is paroxysmal.