(1) Scientific planting. Pear trees are usually planted in the middle of the year 1 1 to the first ten days of March of the following year. Select high-quality and robust 2-year-old grafted seedlings, and the rootstock is Du pear or Dou pear. The plant spacing is 1m× 3m, 1m× 3.5m, 2.5m× 4m, 3m× 4m, showing north-south trend, and planted in ditches. The width and depth of ditching are 80 cm. Excavators dig trenches twice: 1 depth of 30 cm, and the excavated topsoil is put aside; Dig 50 cm deep for the second time and put the excavated core soil on the other side. Fill the bottom of the ditch with 30 cm thick corn stalks, sprinkle 1 layer with 0.5 cm thick calcium superphosphate, backfill the mixture of topsoil and decomposed organic fertilizer (30~50 kg/plant), fill it to 30 cm above the ground, and then pour water for settlement. Put the seedlings into the planting ditch, stretch the roots, fill in the topsoil mixed with fully decomposed organic fertilizer, shake the seedling soil while filling the soil, and use the soil steadily. Put your heart and earth on it. The planting depth is that the root neck is flush with the ground. Irrigation after planting 1 times infiltration. Before the soil freezes, build a 30-cm-high mound centered on the seedlings. In the middle and late February of the following year, the tree tray was renovated, and black plastic films with width of 1 m were laid on both sides of the tree row, and compacted with soil between rows.

(2) Strengthen the management of soil, fertilizer and water. Intercropping soybean and peanut 1~2 years between rows. After planting, intertillage and weed in time from early April to August to keep the soil loose and weed-free. Spraying 0.5% urea on the leaves of new shoots in May-June; From late July to early August, spraying 500 times photosynthetic micro-fertilizer during the vigorous growth period of new shoots; In the middle and late August of the slow growth period of new shoots, white clover was sown between rows by drilling. Underground hose drip irrigation system is used for watering. During the rapid root growth period, that is, the new shoot stop period, that is, from late September to mid-June 10, 30~50 kg of decomposed manure was applied to each plant, and it was watered in time after fertilization. 165438+ 10 to February of the following year, the depth of turning over the garden is about 30 cm, and the whole garden is irrigated in winter. Topdressing adopts drip irrigation hose fertilizer and water integration technology, and the fertilizer is dissolved in water for fertilization. From the end of February, when the buds germinate, 250 ~ 400g urea is applied. After flowering 1 week, topdressing urea150g/plant+potassium sulfate compound fertilizer150g/plant on the big flower tree. Pay attention to spraying urea, amino acid liquid fertilizer and bio-organic micro-fertilizer on leaves from May to August, and topdressing nitrogen-based ternary compound fertilizer 300 ~ 500g/ plant after fruit picking in late September; Pay attention to increasing the application of decomposed manure, and use drip irrigation system to water in time. After 3 years, the application amount of topdressing and base fertilizer will be gradually increased.

(3) Fine flower and fruit management. The flowering period starts from the beginning of March. After germination, the inflorescences are reserved according to the spacing of about 15 cm, and the redundant inflorescences are thinned. When flowering, the central flower becomes thinner, leaving 1~2 lateral flowers. Artificial pollination is carried out for varieties with low fruit setting rate or adverse environmental conditions such as low temperature and rainy weather: in full bloom (50% of flowers per plant are in full bloom), put 1 box of bees every 5 mu, and carry out artificial point pollination according to the situation. Spraying a mixture of 0.3% borax, 0.5% sucrose and 0.3% urea 1 time at the initial flowering stage (about 30% flowers per plant are in bloom) and at the full flowering stage respectively. Fruit thinning is stable after fruit setting: fruit thinning pests, deformed fruits and back fruits, and the typical characteristics of this variety of lateral fruits and drooping fruits are retained, and the spacing between fruit thinning consequences is about 20 cm. Bagging began 3 weeks after flower drop (about 20 days after fruit thinning), and varieties with physiological fruit drop were bagged after physiological fruit drop. Spraying 1 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 1000+10% imidacloprid wettable powder with 5000 times +500 times of amino acid calcium fertilizer before bagging, evenly spraying the fruits, and bagging the fruit powder after the liquid medicine is dried. For varieties such as Golden Pear, put them in double bags: spray 10% Aphidine EC 1000 times solution+10.8% Avermectin EC 1000 times solution+10% flusilazole EC 2000 times solution+washing powder before putting them in small bags. Spray 40.7% chlorpyrifos EC 1000 times solution +5% beta-cypermethrin EC 1000 times solution +6% chlorpyrifos wettable powder 1000~ 1500 times solution+washing powder 2000 times solution before covering the big bag. When bagging, put the fruit into a paper bag, put the fruit handle on the base of the longitudinal opening of the bag mouth, then fold the bag mouth horizontally, pinch the longitudinal thin iron wire at one side of the bag mouth into an "N" shape by hand, and clamp the folded bag mouth. It is required that the thin iron wire for bagging cannot be clamped on the fruit handle. Pears are not bagged before harvesting, but picked with paper bags when harvesting.