The difference between Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra chinensis
Schisandra chinensis is irregular spherical or oblate, with a diameter of 5 ~ 8 mm, red, purple or dark red surface, shriveled and oily, and soft pulp. Some surfaces are dark red or appear "white frost". Seed 1 ~ 2, kidney-shaped, brown and shiny surface, thin and brittle seed coat. The pulp is slightly flatulent and sour; After the seeds are broken, the fragrance is pungent and slightly bitter. The main producing areas of Schisandra chinensis are Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, Hebei and Shanxi.
The particles of Schisandra chinensis are smaller. The surface is brownish red to dark brown, dry and shriveled, and the pulp is often close to the seeds. Perennial deciduous vines. Branchlets are grayish brown with obvious lenticels. Leaves alternate, broadly elliptic or obovate. 5- 10cm long and 2-5cm wide, with sharp or tapering tip and fine teeth at the edge; The petiole is pale pink. Flowers unisexual, born in leaf axils, pedicels slender and soft; Tepals 6-9, milky white or pink, fragrant; Male stamens 5; The pistils are oval, carpels 17-40, and arranged in imbricate shape on the receptacle. When the fruit is ripe, it is a spike-shaped aggregate fruit. Berries are spherical, fleshy and crimson when ripe. The flowering period is May-June and the fruiting period is July-September. Born in semi-humid ravines and bushes. Location: Liaoning, Heilongjiang and Jilin. Schisandra chinensis is produced in the Yangtze River valley and southwest China.
Effects of Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra chinensis
Schisandra chinensis is one of the most widely used Chinese herbal medicines and one of the raw materials of health tea advocated by Chinese medicine. Schisandra chinensis can be divided into Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra chinensis, so what are the functions of these two kinds of Schisandra chinensis? How to identify these two kinds of Schisandra chinensis?
What is Schisandra chinensis?
Schisandra chinensis is also known as Hui Ji, Wu, Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Wu Wei and Diao Liu. The newly revised Materia Medica, published by Tang Dynasty, contains five flavors: sweet and sour skin, bitter core and salty taste, hence the name Schisandra chinensis. Schisandra chinensis is a deciduous woody vine, which is hairless except that the back of young leaves is hairy and the bud scales have marginal hairs. Young branches are reddish brown, old branches are grayish brown, often wrinkled and flaky. Leaf membranous, broadly elliptic, ovoid, obovate, broadly obovate, or nearly round, with a length of (3) 5- 10 (14) cm and a width of (2) 3-5 (9) cm; Schisandra chinensis is divided into two genera, Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra chinensis, which like slightly acidic humus soil and are distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces in China. It was listed in the top grade of Shennong Herbal Classic for the first time. The efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine lies in nourishing and strengthening, and its medicinal value is extremely high. Diphenyl diester and bicyclol tablets have liver protection effect. Schisandra chinensis can be divided into Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra chinensis, and Schisandra chinensis is superior to Schisandra chinensis. Schisandra chinensis is irregular spherical or oblate, with a diameter of 5 ~ 8 mm, red, purple or dark red surface, shriveled and oily, and soft pulp. Some surfaces are dark red or appear "white frost".
Efficacy and function of Schisandra chinensis
① Ben Jing: controlling qi, coughing against qi, fatigue and debilitation, and strengthening yin are beneficial to men's essence.
② Don't record: nourish five internal organs, remove heat, and generate yin and middle muscle.
③ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": improving eyesight, warming boiling water for dirty, treating wind, lowering qi, promoting digestion, strengthening tendons due to cholera, treating phlegm and cold, relieving edema, nausea, flatulence in the heart, quenching thirst, relieving vexation and fever, relieving alcoholism and strengthening bones and muscles. ...
The role of Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra chinensis
Schisandra chinensis, as its name implies, has five flavors, namely sour, bitter, pungent, sweet and salty. Chinese medicine says: acid enters the liver, salty enters the kidney, pungent enters the heart, bitter enters the lung, and sweet enters the spleen. Therefore, Schisandra chinensis treats all five internal organs.
Schisandra chinensis can be divided into Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra chinensis, and the quality of Schisandra chinensis is better than that of Schisandra chinensis. Schisandra chinensis in Central China refers to South China, North China, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Sichuan and other places. Schisandra chinensis refers to Hebei, Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang. Schisandra chinensis is a traditional authentic product, which not only converges, but also has the function of tonifying the heart and kidney. Schisandra chinensis has the function of astringing lung and relieving cough. Schisandra chinensis is suitable as a medicine for nourishing yin.
Growth shape difference
Schisandra chinensis is irregular spherical or oblate, with a diameter of 5 ~ 8 mm, red, purple or dark red surface, shriveled and oily, and soft pulp. Some surfaces are dark red or appear "white frost". Seed 1 ~ 2, kidney-shaped, brown and shiny surface, thin and brittle seed coat. The pulp is slightly flatulent and sour; After the seeds are broken, the fragrance is pungent and slightly bitter.
The particles of Schisandra chinensis are smaller. The surface is brownish red to dark brown, dry and shriveled, and the pulp is often close to the seeds. Perennial deciduous vines. Branchlets are grayish brown with obvious lenticels. Leaves alternate, broadly elliptic or obovate. 5- 10cm long and 2-5cm wide, with sharp or tapering tip and fine teeth at the edge; The petiole is pale pink. Flowers unisexual, born in leaf axils, pedicels slender and soft; Tepals 6-9, milky white or pink, fragrant; Male stamens 5; The pistils are oval, carpels 17-40, and arranged in imbricate shape on the receptacle. When the fruit is ripe, it is a spike-shaped aggregate fruit. Berries are spherical, fleshy and crimson when ripe. The flowering period is May-June and the fruiting period is July-September. Born in semi-humid ravines and bushes. ...
How to distinguish Schisandra chinensis from Schisandra chinensis
Anyone who is slightly familiar with Schisandra chinensis knows that these two kinds of Schisandra chinensis living in different areas are actually very different in morphology, so how should we identify them? Let's give you a detailed introduction!
Identification of Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra chinensis
Schisandra chinensis is a dried and mature fruit of Schisandra chinensis, a Magnoliaceae plant, commonly known as "Schisandra chinensis", which has the effects of convergence, benefiting qi and promoting fluid production, tonifying kidney and calming nerves. Schisandra chinensis is a dried and mature fruit of Schisandra chinensis of Magnoliaceae, and its efficacy is similar to that of Schisandra chinensis.
Shape discrimination
The particles of Schisandra chinensis are smaller. The surface is brownish red to dark brown, dry and shriveled, and the pulp is often close to the seeds. Perennial deciduous vines. Branchlets are grayish brown with obvious lenticels. Leaves alternate, broadly elliptic or obovate. 5- 10cm long and 2-5cm wide, with sharp or tapering tip and fine teeth at the edge; The petiole is pale pink. Flowers unisexual, born in leaf axils, pedicels slender and soft; Tepals 6-9, milky white or pink, fragrant; Male stamens 5; The pistils are oval, carpels 17-40, and arranged in imbricate shape on the receptacle. When the fruit is ripe, it is a spike-shaped aggregate fruit. Berries are spherical, fleshy and crimson when ripe. The flowering period is May-June and the fruiting period is July-September. Born in semi-humid ravines and bushes. Location: Liaoning, Heilongjiang and Jilin. Schisandra chinensis is produced in the Yangtze River valley and southwest China.
Schisandra chinensis is irregular spherical or oblate, with a diameter of 5 ~ 8 mm, red, purple or dark red surface, shriveled and oily, and soft pulp. Some surfaces are dark red or appear "white frost". Seed 1 ~ 2, kidney-shaped, brown and shiny surface, thin and brittle seed coat. The pulp is slightly flatulent and sour; After the seeds are broken, the fragrance is pungent and slightly bitter. The main producing areas of Schisandra chinensis are Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, Hebei and Shanxi. ...
The taboo of Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra chinensis
Schisandra chinensis, especially Schisandra chinensis, is widely used, so what are their taboos in use? The following encyclopedia will give you a detailed introduction!
The attribute of Schisandra chinensis
It is the fruit of Schisandra chinensis in Magnoliaceae. Location: Southwest China and the provinces south of the Yangtze River Basin. Take it when the fruit is ripe in autumn. Dry in the sun. Raw or steamed with vinegar and honey. Location: Hubei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Sichuan and other places. It is a by-product of Schisandra chinensis with poor quality. It is better to have large grains, thick meat, purple color and oil.
Efficacy and function of Schisandra chinensis
Roots, stems, leaves and seeds can be used as medicine; Seeds are tonic and antitussive drugs for neurasthenia and bronchitis. Aromatic oil can be extracted from stems, leaves and fruits; Stem bark can be used to make rope. Promoting blood circulation and regulating qi, expelling wind and activating collaterals, reducing swelling and relieving pain. Can be used for treating ulcer, gastroenteritis, heatstroke, abdominal pain, irregular menstruation, rheumatoid arthritis, and traumatic injury.
Schisandra chinensis attending
1. Treat chronic diarrhea. Schisandra chinensis has astringent taste, which can astringent intestines and stop diarrhea. For chronic diarrhea caused by spleen deficiency and cold, Evodia rutaecarpa can be fried and ground into powder, and rice soup can be taken, such as Schisandra powder (Puji Skill Formula); Or combined with Fructus Psoraleae, Semen Myristicae and Fructus Evodiae, such as Shen Si Pill.
2. Treat chronic cough and asthma. Schisandra chinensis is astringent and moist, which can astringe lung qi and nourish kidney yin. It is an important drug for treating chronic cough and asthma. For chronic cough due to lung deficiency, it can be used together with poppy shell, such as Schisandra Pill (Health Care Jiabao); For asthma and cough due to deficiency of lung and kidney, it is often used with Cornus officinalis, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata and Yam, such as Duqi Pill (edited by Ren); Schisandra chinensis is good at astringing lung and relieving cough. It is compatible with Herba Ephedrae, Asari and Zingiberis Rhizoma, and can be used for cough and asthma caused by cold drinks, such as Xiaoqinglong Decoction in Treatise on Febrile Diseases.
South Tianzhu, alias: South Tianzhu, red loquat, Tianzhu, red gourd, diamond yellow, Tianzhu, Zhu Lan; Latin scientific name: Nandina domestica. Belonging to Ranunculaceae and Berberidaceae, it is a common woody flower variety in southern China. Because of its beautiful plants, bright fruits and strong adaptability to the environment, it often appears in garden applications. Common cultivated varieties are: Nandina domestica, whose berries are white when they are ripe; Miansi Nandina domestica, the leaves are as thin as silk; Nandina domestica, the fruit is lavender when it is ripe; The leaves of nandina rotundifolia are round and bright. Because of its superior and elegant shape, it is often used to make bonsai or potted plants to decorate windowsills, hallways and venues.
morphological character
Evergreen shrub. The stems are often clustered with few branches, 1-3 meters high, smooth and hairless, and the young branches are often reddish gray when they are old. Leaves alternate, clustered on the upper part of the stem, with three pinnate leaves, 30-50 cm long; Two or three feathers are opposite; Leaflets are thin leathery, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 2- 10 cm long and 0.5-2 cm wide, with tapered tips, wedge-shaped bases, entire edges, dark green tips, red in winter, convex veins on the back and hairless on both sides; Almost sessile.
Panicle erect, 20-35 cm long; The flowers are small, white and fragrant, with a diameter of 6-7 mm; Sepals are multi-wheeled, outer sepals are ovoid-triangular, 1-2 mm long, and inner sepals are ovoid-2-4 mm long; Petals oblong, about 4.2 mm long and 2.5 mm wide, with obtuse apex; Stamens 6, about 3.5 mm long, filaments short, anthers longitudinally dehiscent, connective extended; Ovary 1 room with 1-3 ovules. The fruit stalk is 4-8 mm long; Berries are spherical, 5-8 mm in diameter, bright red at maturity and light orange-red. Seeds oblate. The flowering period is from March to June, and the fruiting period is May-165438+1October.
Growth habit
Appreciation of Red Dog Pictures (6 photos)
Nandina domestica likes warm and humid environment and is more resistant to shade. It is also cold-resistant. Easy to maintain. Farming soil requires fertile sandy loam with good drainage. The requirement for moisture is not strict, and it is resistant to both moisture and drought. If you prefer chemical fertilizers, you can apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Liquid fertilizer 1~2 times a month during the growing period. After several years of ornamental potted plants, the branches and leaves are aging and falling off, which can be trimmed. Generally, the main stem can be left about 15cm, pruned in April, and restored to the height of 1m after autumn, with full crown.
Evergreen shrub. Soil. Flowering period may-July. Wild in sparse forests and bushes, also planted in gardens. The leaves turned red in the strong light. Suitable for growing in moist, fertile and well-drained sandy loam.
distribution range
Produced in the Yangtze River valley of China and Shaanxi, Butaji Town, Huangchuan, Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Hubei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and other provinces. It is also cultivated in Japan and India abroad. [ 1]
Main value
Medicinal value
Functional indication
Nandina domestica fruit (4 pieces)
Damp-heat jaundice, gastroenteritis, urinary tract infection, conjunctivitis, cough, wheezing, whooping cough, dyspepsia, diarrhea, hematuria, lumbar muscle strain.
Guizhou folk prescription drug collection: "cough and asthma, strong excitement."
Rhizome: clearing away heat and dampness, dredging meridians and activating collaterals. It can be used for treating common cold and fever, conjunctivitis, cough due to lung heat, damp-heat jaundice, acute gastroenteritis, urinary tract infection and traumatic injury.
Fruit: bitter, flat. A little poisonous. Cough and asthma. Used for cough, asthma and whooping cough.
Usage and dosage: root, stem15 ~ 50g; Fruit is 3 yuan. [2]
Pay attention to taboos
This species is a poisonous plant included in China Botanical Atlas Database, and its toxicity is the whole plant. Poisoning symptoms include excitement, irregular pulse, decreased blood pressure, muscle spasm, respiratory paralysis, coma and so on. [3]
clinical application
Nandina domestica contains many alkaloids. The stems and roots contain alkaloids and berberine from Nandina domestica; The stem contains protopine and isoagavacaine. In addition, the stems and leaves contain magnolin; The fruit contains isocoridine and protopine. Leaves, buds and fruits all contain hydrocyanic acid. Ye Tang contains amentoflavone, nandinaside A and nandinaside B, and has inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli.
Effects on central nervous system: Nandanine and South Ding Ning alkaloids have morphine-like anesthetic effects on cold-blooded animals (frogs); For warm-blooded animals (mice and dogs), a small amount causes mild anesthesia, and a large amount causes spasms (clonality and rigidity). Dogs have salivation, hiccups, fecal incontinence and so on. The reflex of the spinal cord increased, and finally it was paralyzed.
The effect of alkaloids from South Ding Ning is weaker than that from South Tianzhu.
Effects on cardiovascular system: Nandina domestica alkaloids and South Ding Ning alkaloids have the effect of inhibiting the heart. It has a direct paralyzing effect on isolated frog heart and rabbit heart, but atropine can't affect it. Inulin has a certain antagonistic effect, followed by epinephrine. There are different reports about the effect of alkaloids from nandina domestica on blood vessels. Some clouds can expand the perfusion of toad's isolated lower limbs, but there are also reports that the effect on toad's isolated lower limbs or rabbit's vascular perfusion is not significant, which may be due to the impure alkaloids proposed. South Ding Ning alkali has no effect on the blood vessels of rabbit ears or frog lower limbs in vitro. Intravenous injection in rabbits can cause blood pressure to drop, which is caused by cardiac depression and finally dies of cardiac paralysis.
The effect on guinea pig smooth muscle can increase the tension of intestine in vivo, but the effect on intestine in vitro is the opposite. A little excitement and a lot of paralysis in isolated rabbit uterus. South Ding Ning base has a small amount of excitatory effect and a large amount of inhibitory effect on isolated rabbit intestine, uterus and dog intestine; In situ rabbits' intestines and uterus, only excitatory effect was observed, and the intensity increased with the increase of dose. This action point is found in both plant nerve endings and muscles.
Other effects: Nandina domestica alkaloids and South Ding Ning alkaloids have a direct paralyzing effect on striated muscles, which is different from curare. At first, local anesthesia was reported, but it was denied that the two alkaloids had inhibitory or paralyzing effects on the respiratory center. It has been suggested that the alkaloids of Nandina domestica have morphine-like phenanthrene structure and have strong effects on the nervous system; South Ding Ning alkaloid has protoberberine-like structure and belongs to protoplasmic toxin, which has strong effect on myocardium and skeletal muscle and weak effect on central nervous system. [ 1]
Common prescription
Treatment of children's asthma: After frosty days, candles and wintersweet are San Qian, and a water flies. Collect all in advance and decoct in water. ("Three Musts")
Treatment of whooping cough: Nandina domestica dried fruit is three to five yuan. Water-fried rock sugar blended clothes. (Fujian Chinese herbal medicine)
Treatment of malaria in Yin San: Nandina domestica is aged and steamed every other year. Take one tablet a year and drink white soup every morning. (Wen Fang Jian)
It has been festering for a long time, and the famous candle boils: red bazi burns one yuan, and plum blossom borneol is 5%. Mix sesame oil and knead. (Wang Diangui, "No Prescription")
Detoxify, eat to death: bamboo silk beam in Nandian, fetch water to take. If there is nothing fresh, it can also be used to fry Yihe Liangliang. (Compendium)
Treatment of star anise: red loquat is mashed and rubbed with mercury. You can also soak in wine to get rid of wind arthralgia. (Compendium) [3]
Ornamental value
Stems are clustered, juice leaves are sparse, leaves turn red in autumn and winter, and there are red fruits that don't fall for a long time. Appreciating the leaves and seeing the fruit is a good product. [3]
cultivation techniques
breeding method
Propagation is mainly based on sowing and dividing plants, and cutting can also be used. It can be planted when the fruit is ripe or in spring. Before germination in spring or autumn, it is advisable to divide plants. Cutting is carried out before the new buds germinate or when the new buds stop growing in summer. Indoor maintenance should strengthen ventilation and light transmission to prevent scale insects from happening.
Seed propagation
Collect seeds in autumn and sow immediately after harvest. On the whole seedbed, furrow was dug, the row spacing was 33 cm, the depth of furrow was about 10 cm, and the sowing amount was 90~ 120 kg per hectare. After sowing, cover plant ash and fine soil and compact. In the second year, the seedlings grow slowly, so it is necessary to weed frequently, loosen the soil and apply light human and animal manure. Pay attention to intertillage weeding every year in the future. Topdressing, after 3 years of cultivation, can be planted in the nursery. Transplantation should be carried out after the spring rain. The plant spacing is 100 cm. Dig out the seedlings with soil before planting. If you can't take them away, you must use fine mud roots to survive after planting.
fissiparity
In spring and autumn, the clumps of plants are dug out, the soil is shaken off and cut off from the weak foundation. Each cluster has 2 to 3 stems, and some roots are needed. At the same time, cut off some large pinnate compound leaves, plant them in the ground or in pots, and they will blossom and bear fruit after one or two years of cultivation.
Land selection and preparation
Choose sandy loam with deep soil layer, fertile soil and good irrigation and drainage. Neutral and slightly alkaline soils with good drainage on hillsides can also be planted. It can also be cultivated in the gap in the corner. Before planting, make a low bed or a high bed with a width of 120~ 150 cm.
Tiantuan management
Mildly acidic soil is suitable for the growth of nandina domestica, and it can be prepared according to the ratio of 5 parts of sandy soil, 4 parts of humus soil and manure 1 part. Before planting, cover the drainage hole at the bottom of the basin with broken tiles, preferably with a layer of charcoal, which is beneficial to drainage and sterilization. Generally, the roots of plants are covered with soil, such as root cutting, root pulling and blackening.
Roots or extra roots should be cut off, and plants should be planted with soil according to the conventional method, watered and placed in the shade, about 1.
Nantianzhu Flame (2 pieces)
In five days, you can see the sun. Change the pan every 1~2 years. Usually, the plants are taken out of the pot, the old culture soil is removed, most of the roots are cut off, and the delicate and short techniques are removed. It is advisable to leave 3~5 plants, plant them in pots with culture soil and manage them in the shade. It will be managed normally after half a month. Nandina domestica is best kept in a semi-cool, cool and humid place. Under strong light, the stubby stems turn dark red, the young leaves "burn" and the adult leaves turn red; In a very cool place, slender stems and long leaves and loose plants are not conducive to ornamental value and fruit. The suitable growth temperature of nandina domestica is about 20℃, the suitable flowering and fruiting temperature is 24~25℃, and it is generally not lower than 0℃ when it is moved into greenhouse in winter. Moved out of the house after Tomb-Sweeping Day the following year.
Nandina domestica should be watered wet and dry. Water frequently in dry season to keep the soil moist; Water the leaves once a day in summer and spray them 2~3 times to keep them moist and prevent them from burning and damaging their appearance. Pay special attention to watering when flowering, so as not to dry the soil, and sprinkle water on the ground to improve the air humidity, so as to improve the pollination rate. Plants are semi-dormant in winter, so don't get the soil too wet. The watering time should be in the morning and evening in summer and at noon in winter. During the growth period of Nandina domestica, thin fertilizer should be applied to the fine seedlings for about half a month (organic fertilizer containing more phosphorus should be applied). Dry fertilizer should be applied to adult plants three times a year, in May, August and June, 5438+ 10 respectively. The third time, when you move indoors for the winter, you should apply fertilizer. The fertilizer can be fully fermented cake fertilizer and sesame paste residue. Generally, the first and second fertilization amount is less, and the third fertilization amount can be increased. During the growth period, the sprouting branches and dense branches at the roots are cut off, and the branches with long ear are cut off, leaving 1 and two lower branches to ensure the beautiful plant shape and facilitate flowering and fruiting.
In the first year after planting, weed and topdressing 1 time in spring, summer and winter, and replant the seedlings when they are short. After that, plough and weed only in spring or winter every year, and topdressing 1 time.
After planting for 4~5 years, some old stems can be harvested in winter. After 6~7 years, you can dig up the whole plant, shake off the soil, remove the leaves, break the stems and roots into thin slices and dry them for later use. 10 ~165438+10, harvesting when the fruit turns red or yellow-white, and drying in the sun for later use.
Humidity lighting
I like humid or semi-dry climate, and the relative temperature of air in the growing environment is required to be 50~70%. When the air relative humidity is too low, the lower leaves will turn yellow and fall off, and the upper leaves will be dull. Because it is native to the subtropical region, it requires strict temperature in winter, and it will stop growing when the ambient temperature is lower than 8℃.
Strong adaptability to light. When maintaining indoors, it should be placed in a bright place, such as living room, bedroom, study and other well-lit places. After curing indoors for a period of time (about one month), it needs to be moved to a cool place outside (with heat preservation conditions in winter) for a period of time (about one month), and so on. [4]
Garden potted plants
Nandina domestica is an evergreen shrub. Most of them are born beside wet valleys, under sparse forests or bushes, and they are indicator plants of calcareous soil. I like a warm, humid and well-ventilated semi-cloudy environment. Hardy. Weak alkaline resistant soil. The flowering period is from May to July. Wild in sparse forests and bushes, also planted in gardens. I like a warm and humid climate, neither cold nor dry. Like light, resistant to shade, leaves turn red under strong light. Suitable for the growth of sandy loam containing humus. As early as the Ming and Qing dynasties, Nandina domestica was listed as a gardening plant in classical gardens, and was later introduced into bonsai, which was deeply loved by bonsai circles. However, this evergreen erect shrub, with few branches, grows fiercely in spring and its shape is difficult to control, which brings great disadvantages to bonsai modeling.
Shortcut. In late winter and early spring, according to the design requirements, select the latent bud point with moderate height and cut it short. Let it grow in the first year, and in the same period of the second year, you can cut off most of the branches of the previous year, leaving only one or two branches at the bottom, so that axillary buds can grow new buds. Do this every year to avoid the trunk increasing year by year. This practice is also beneficial to the fruits of Tianzhu.
Acupuncture. In the germination period of spring, when the new bud grows to two centimeters long, pierce the stem of the new bud with a needle, once every centimeter. As the bud diameter becomes thicker, the number of acupuncture increases to two or four times. This can prevent the growth of new buds and make the trunk or top germinate again. If this method is used repeatedly, new buds will sprout continuously, which can solve the problem of less branches, shorten the length of branches and meet the requirements of modeling and shape control. Until June, before the bamboo blooms. In the meantime, the overgrown bamboo seedlings should be removed in time.
Maintenance. In order to ensure the effectiveness of posture adjustment measures, the maintenance and management of Tianzhu must be done well. In spring, bamboo shoots need enough light and humid environment, so they don't need shade; You need to put it in a cool place after July and come back after beginning of autumn. Indoor activities in winter, the soil in the basin is slightly dry and overwinters. Fertilization, from February, once or twice a month, to stop in July; Use cake fertilizer and bone meal fertilizer alternately, not too much and not too thick. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed once at the end of May. The implementation of the above methods needs comprehensive consideration. These Measures shall apply to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
Potted nandina domestica (2 pieces)
decrease
When plants enter dormancy or semi-dormancy in winter, thin, diseased, dead and dense branches should be cut off. Branches can also be arranged in combination with cuttings
With proper maintenance, it will grow rapidly. When it grows to a certain size, we should consider changing to a bigger pot to keep it growing vigorously. One of the following culture soil and composition ratio can be selected for changing pots: vegetable garden soil: slag = 3:1; Or garden soil: medium coarse river sand: sawdust (shavings) = 4:1:2; Or one of paddy soil, pond sludge and humus soil.
Put the flowers to be changed on the ground, pat the periphery of the pot with your hand to make the root system vibrate and separate from the wall of the pot, put the pot upside down on your left hand, gently hold the plants with your left index finger and middle finger, press your wrist and fingertips against the edge of the pot, pat the bottom of the pot with your right hand, and then push the root soil down from the bottom hole with your mother finger to let the plants come out. After taking it off, gently pat the soil with your palm to let the excess soil fall off.
Choose a flowerpot with a suitable size, and cover the bottom hole of the flowerpot with two tiles or thin foam boards to ensure that the soil of the flowerpot is not washed away by water, and the excess water can flow out in time. Spread a layer of ceramsite or broken red brick on the ceramic tile or foam as the filter layer, with a thickness of about 2~3 cm. Put the fertilizer from the fertilizer applicator on the drainage layer, with a thickness of about 1 ~ 3cm, and put a thin layer of substrate on the fertilizer, with a thickness of about 2cm, to separate the root system from the fertilizer. Finally, put the plants in, fill in the nutrient soil, about 2 cm away from the hukou.
Pot posture
Short cutting: in late winter and early spring, according to the design requirements, select the latent bud point with moderate height for short cutting. Let it grow in the first year, and in the same period of the second year, you can cut off most of the branches of the previous year, leaving only one or two branches at the bottom, so that axillary buds can grow new buds. Do this every year to avoid the trunk increasing year by year. This practice is also beneficial to the fruits of Tianzhu.
Acupuncture: in the germination stage of spring, when the new bud grows to two centimeters long, use acupuncture to pierce the stem of the new bud, and the new bud will be stabbed once every one centimeter long. As the bud diameter becomes thicker, the number of acupuncture increases to two or four times. This can prevent the growth of new buds and make the trunk or top germinate again. If this method is used repeatedly, new buds will sprout continuously, which can solve the problem of less branches, shorten the length of branches and meet the requirements of modeling and shape control. Until June, before the bamboo blooms. In the meantime, the overgrown bamboo seedlings should be removed in time.
Maintenance: In order to ensure the effectiveness of posture adjustment measures, the maintenance management of Tianzhu must be done well. In spring, bamboo shoots need enough light and humid environment, so they don't need shade; You need to put it in a cool place after July and come back after beginning of autumn. Indoor activities in winter, the soil in the basin is slightly dry and overwinters. Fertilization, from February, once or twice a month, to stop in July; Use cake fertilizer and bone meal fertilizer alternately, not too much and not too thick. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed once at the end of May. The implementation of the above methods needs comprehensive consideration. These Measures shall apply to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
Harvest processing
Four to five years after planting nandina domestica, some older stems can be harvested in winter. After 6~7 years, you can dig up the whole plant, shake off the soil, remove the leaves, cut the stems and roots into thin slices and dry them for later use. 10 ~165438+10, harvesting when the fruit turns red or yellow-white, and drying in the sun for later use. In addition, the branches and leaves of Nandina domestica are sparse, the leaves turn red in autumn and winter, and there are many fruits. In classical gardens, they are often planted on both sides of rocks and in the corners of courtyards. Small plants are suitable for potted viewing.
Matters needing attention
(1) Change the pot once a year in early spring. When changing pots, remove some old soil and roots, apply base fertilizer and fill in new culture soil (5 parts of sand, 4 parts of humus soil and 1 part of decomposed cake fertilizer powder should be mixed in seedling stage, and 2 parts of decomposed cake fertilizer powder can be added in growth stage).
(2) It should be cultivated in the well-ventilated flower shade in summer. When watering every day, spray water 1~2 times on the leaves and nearby ground; So as to improve the air humidity and reduce the temperature.
(3) Water and fertilizer should vary with time and growth period. Nandina domestica likes humidity, but is afraid of water accumulation. During the growth and development, the watering frequency should increase or decrease with the weather, and it should not be too much at a time. Generally, water once a day in spring and autumn and twice a day in summer to keep the soil moist. When flowering, the watering time and water quantity should be kept stable, so as to prevent more and less, dry and wet alternately, otherwise it will easily lead to falling flowers and fruits, and the plants are in a semi-dormant state in winter, so watering should be controlled. Too much watering will lead to white growth, hinder dormancy and affect flowering and fruiting in the coming year; Nandianzhu likes fertilizer. From May to September, pancake fertilizer water can be applied once every 15~20 days, and 0.2% ferrous sulfate water can be poured once every two months. Apply liquid fertilizer lightly at seedling stage, but not intensively (the ratio of liquid fertilizer to water is 1: 10), and apply it slightly intensively at growing stage (the ratio of liquid fertilizer to water is 1:8). Dry fertilizer is applied once a month in rainy season, and each pot is about 20~40 grams.
(4)438+ 10 Move the potted plants indoors in the first half of June and put them in direct sunlight in the morning and evening to avoid freezing at room temperature. Spray branches and leaves with warm water once a week to keep them fresh.
(5) Trimming and shaping by changing pots, thinning dead branches and weak branches from the base to promote the germination of new branches. Generally, it is advisable to keep 4~5 branches.