I. Varieties

Blue flower child: root non-fleshy, not thickened; stem 30-50 cm tall, branched. Flowers pale reddish-purple; petals obovate, about 2 cm long. Long-horned fruit 1-2 cm long, erect, slightly leathery, fruiting pedicel oblique on. Flowering and fruiting April-June. Produced in Zhejiang (Putuo), Taiwan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, wild or cultivated. Also distributed in Korea and Japan

Long pinnatifid radish (scientific name: Raphanus sativus L. var. longipinnatus L. H. Bailey): stout biennial herb; roots long and firm; basal leaves long and narrow, 30-60 cm long, with lobes in 8-12 pairs, glabrous or hirsute. Cultivated throughout China, native to temperate regions of Asia. The fleshy roots are eaten raw or as a vegetable, and can be pickled for long storage. The roots and seeds are used medicinally. [1]

II. Cultivated Species

The radish is mainly divided into Chinese radish and four-season radish.

Chinese radish: according to the ecological type and the strength of winter is divided into four basic types:

⒈ fall and winter radish type: China's universal cultivation type. Sowing in late summer and early fall, harvested in late fall and early winter, the growing period of 60-100 days, according to the skin color and use, can be divided into red skin, green, white skin, green skin, red heart and other different groups of varieties, the representative varieties of Xuecheng Changhong, Jinan, green round crispy, Shijiazhuang white carrots, Beijing heart of the U.S. and Chenghai Baisha locomotive and so on.

Peculiar winter and spring radish type: China's south of the Yangtze River and Sichuan Province and other areas of the winter is not too cold to grow. Hardy, strong winter, not easy to chaff. Representative varieties are chengdu spring ageless radish, hangzhou kakeqiao big red tasseled radish and chenghai nanbianzhou late radish and so on.

3 spring and summer radish type: China is widely planted. More cold hardy, stronger winter, shorter growing period, generally 45-60 days, sowing period or improper cultivation management is easy to shoot first. Representative varieties are Beijing gun bamboo tube, Penglai spring radish, Nanjing May red.

Sung summer and fall radish type: China's Yellow River basin south of the cultivation of more, often for the summer and fall off-season vegetables. It is more resistant to moisture and heat, with a growing period of 50-70 days. Representative varieties are Hangzhou small hook white, Guangzhou candle pontoon.

Seasonal radish: small leaves, petiole fine, velvety, fleshy root is small and very early, suitable for raw food and pickling. Mainly distributed in Europe, especially in western Europe cultivation is common, the United States has been introduced into cultivation, China, Japan also has a small amount of planting. Cultivated in China, the four seasons of radish varieties are Nanjing Yanghua radish, Shanghai small red radish, Yantai red ding and so on.