Tricholoma matsutake, whose scientific name is Tricholoma matsutake, can be cultivated artificially. It is a mycorrhizal fungus, including pine, hemlock and spruce, among which Pinus densiflora forest is the most suitable for its growth. Tricholoma matsutake mostly grows in Korean pine, red pine, Yunnan pine and Huashan pine forest in China. Japanese people have a tradition of eating Tricholoma matsutake, which is one of the famous dishes in high-end banquets. The price per ton is180,000 yen, which is 8.8 times that of mushrooms. The Japanese call the place where Tricholoma matsutake is cultivated "Tricholoma matsutake mountain", and the income of Tricholoma matsutake is three times that of wood. China is rich in Tricholoma matsutake resources, especially Tricholoma matsutake produced in Yanbian area of Jilin Province, which is earlier than Japanese Tricholoma matsutake 1 month, and its quality is better than that of Japan. It enjoys a high reputation in the international market and is a forest resource worthy of attention. Tricholoma matsutake is a mycorrhizal fungus. Although it is a pure strain isolated from Tricholoma matsutake spores or tissues, it can form colonies in test tubes, but its growth rate is extremely slow. With a diameter of 1 cm 1 colony formation 1 year, primordium can occasionally be formed on the inclined plane, but fruiting bodies cannot be formed. At present, the artificial domestication and cultivation of Tricholoma matsutake is mainly carried out in the suitable forest of Tricholoma matsutake. There are several successful methods: 1, spore introduction method In order to make Tricholoma matsutake spores germinate into hyphae and form mycorrhiza in pine forests, the spores must be close to the fine roots of pine trees; The spore life of Tricholoma matsutake is extremely short, so it is necessary to sow fresh spores in the pine forest in time to survive. The methods adopted in Japan are as follows: ① Wash the fine river sand, lay it flat in a small wooden box, insert the collected wild Tricholoma matsutake fruiting body into the sand, stir the sand after its spores fall, so that each piece of sand is stained with a small amount of spores, and then scatter the sand with spores into the artificial cultivation area of Pinus densiflora forest. (2) When Tricholoma matsutake is fully mature and produces a large number of spores, put Tricholoma matsutake into a barrel, add clean water according to the proportion of 2kg water per Tricholoma matsutake, and immediately inoculate spore solution after stirring. Before inoculation, the inoculation site is selected. Generally, at the dense fine roots around the tree, a round hole with a diameter of 1 ~ 3 cm and a depth of 10 ~ 15 cm is chiseled with iron bars or wooden sticks, and spore liquid is poured into the hole, and then covered with soil. 2. Transplanting method: In the mushroom circle where Tricholoma matsutake occurs, select the fruiting body that grows well and is about to open the umbrella, and dig out a clod with a large amount of mycorrhiza with the width of 10 ~ 15cm as the center, dig out a square hole with the same size around the pine tree to be planted with Tricholoma matsutake, and put the dug clod with mycorrhiza into it. In this way, besides living mycorrhiza and hyphae can grow on the new roots, spores falling off the fruiting bodies can also germinate to form hyphae, which grow and invade the fine roots of pine trees. 3. The surface induction cultivation method of fine roots of Tricholoma matsutake loosens the soil in the crown of Pinus densiflora to a depth of 7 ~ 10 cm, cuts off the fine roots and promotes the proliferation of the fine roots. Straw leaves accumulate on the ground to form a deciduous layer, which prevents rainwater from quickly infiltrating into the ground, promotes the growth of fine roots, and increases the chances of fine roots and Tricholoma matsutake hyphae. Take soil from the place where Tricholoma matsutake is not born, use 4 parts of soil, add 3 parts of rice bran, 1 part of bean cake and a small amount of urea, pile it up and decompose it, and sprinkle it on the deciduous layer; Can also be combined with fertilization, sprinkle some artificially cultured mycelium, the thickness of deciduous layer should be more than 3 cm, otherwise it is not conducive to the development of fine roots and Tricholoma matsutake. Tricholoma matsutake can only grow after fine roots and hyphae grow vigorously. 4. Planting method of infected Pinus densiflora seedlings This method uses 3-5 year-old Pinus densiflora seedlings infected with Tricholoma matsutake as "carriers" and plants them in places where Tricholoma matsutake does not grow, so that the roots of mother trees (Pinus densiflora seedlings above 17 ~ 18) can be reinfected in the soil. The specific method is to select 3-5-year-old seedlings with many fine roots, wash the roots with water, cut off some fine roots appropriately, leave them 7-8 cm long, cut off half the branches and leaves, and then make them into plastic frame seedlings in plastic baskets filled with fertilizer and thick soil. In autumn or spring, according to the position and strength of Tricholoma matsutake, take the outside of Tricholoma matsutake 10 ~ 30 cm as the inoculation point. First, remove the fallen leaves and humus layer within 40 cm near the mycelium to expose the mycorrhiza of Pinus densiflora in the soil, put the plastic frame horizontally on the mycorrhiza, and cover it with thick soil to prevent rainwater from infiltrating. In order to properly master the infection degree of Tricholoma matsutake mycelium, it is better to infect half a root. If all the roots are infected, the seedlings will die easily. Generally, it will be dug up and transplanted after 1 year. Pinus densiflora seedlings forming mycorrhiza are easy to break and have the fragrance of Tricholoma matsutake. The best place for transplanting is the 20-year-old Pinus densiflora forest, with sufficient sunlight, shallow soil layer and relatively dry soil. Dig a hole, place the infected seedlings near the pine trees (about 1 m) in the selected transplant site, cover them with thick soil and cover them with fallen leaves to prevent them from drying up. After transplanting, the mycelium of Tricholoma matsutake extends outward 15 cm every year, and only when the diameter reaches 1 m can the fruiting body grow. Therefore, it takes 5-6 years from cultivating infected seedlings to growing fruiting bodies. 5. Protection and cultivation methods of Pinus densiflora forest In the natural production forest or artificial introduction forest of Tricholoma matsutake, the position of mushroom circle can be recorded and drawn every year, so that the position of Tricholoma matsutake in the next autumn can be estimated, which is also the most vigorous place for the growth and development of mycorrhiza, and most of the primordia will occur here, which can be promoted by manual control. A plastic shed with a width of 60 cm and a height of 1m should be built with the predetermined Tricholoma matsutake occurrence circle as the center line, and the shed materials should have appropriate thermal insulation effect. Before Tricholoma matsutake occurs 10 ~ 20 days, put cold air or ice cubes in the shed and keep the temperature at18℃ ~ 20℃; At the same time, water every day, the amount is equivalent to 10 ~ 30 mm precipitation, and the formation of primordia and fruiting bodies can be seen after 5 ~ 7 days. If we continue to control the lower temperature and higher air humidity in the future, a batch of Tricholoma matsutake can be harvested in 20-25 days, and its output is 5-6 times that of dry years under natural conditions. In addition, the method of clearing forest can also increase the yield of Tricholoma matsutake. The purpose of clearing forest is to improve the ecological environment of forest land. The density of pine forests should be high and the growth should be moderate. If the density is not enough, some small shrubs can be reserved for shade. After clearing the forest, the yield of Songrong Mountain can be obviously increased. In 10 year after land reclamation, fresh mushrooms can be produced per hectare, but only 40 kilograms can be produced in uncultivated areas.