The focus point refers to the point where the force is mainly concentrated; the focus is on completing a certain task or work.

The focus of reading is a key point for teaching researchers to study reading teaching issues. Some people believe that we should pay attention to three focus points: first, humanistic elements and Chinese elements; second, after-class thinking training questions for intensive reading of the text, and pre-text prompts for skimming the text; third, the "communication platform" of "Chinese Garden".

The "effort point" is the focus of attention in practice, which needs to be pointed at the "bull's eye". The "effort point" is the action in practice, which refers to the specific approach at the action level. The "focus" in classroom teaching mainly depends on how well students learn. This is the center of classroom teaching. Classroom teaching centered on "learning" mainly focuses on students' enthusiasm for independent learning, the depth and depth of cooperative learning in classroom learning. Explore the extent of learning. Achieve "two services", serve the classroom and serve the society, realize the disciplinary function of the classroom, and transform into a social disciplinary value.

As far as reading teaching is concerned, to change the reading goal into reading ability, the focus of reading must be scientifically determined, and the focus should be in the "learning objectives" or in the "teaching objectives". Focus on key and difficult points. Key points and difficult points are the points of effort. Points of effort require the implementation of effective strategies in reading.

In the teaching case of "Group Reading Class" for middle grade students, simple annotations are made for "two points" for reference only.

Appendix 1: Examples of annotations for third-grade composition reading lessons

The 5th lesson composition reading lesson

------"Strange River One" "One Liaohe River (Excerpt)" "Xiaguang" "Looking at the Clouds in Yunnan (Excerpt)"

1. Teaching Objectives

1. Read 3 articles, understand the main content of the article, and know where it starts from Which aspects describe the characteristics of things.

2. Sketch and annotate, accumulate vivid and interesting sentences, and feel the wonder of nature.

(Focus: 1. Obtaining information, overall perception, and forming explanations; 2. Making evaluations and creative applications)

2. Teaching process

(1) ) Review the text and clarify the reading content

Review the text: In this unit, we studied "Our Wonderful World" and discovered the beauty from very ordinary things with the author; we studied "The Underwater World", Appreciate the strange scenery and rich products of the underwater world; learn "Fire Clouds", and enjoy the beautiful sunset with Xiao Hong. In this lesson, we will read three more articles together, and you will definitely discover new mysteries!

Titles of blackboard writing: "Strange Rivers - Liaohe (Excerpt)" "Xia Guang" "Looking at the Clouds in Yunnan (Excerpt)"

(Focus: the ability to obtain information, overall Perceptual ability)

(2) Read the article and grasp the main content of the article

1. Freely read "Thematic Reading - Group Reading" of "Our World" and complete the "Reading Practice" ?Activity 2”.

Ask students to read these three articles silently, see from which aspects each article describes the characteristics of things, and write the things clearly.

"Strange River—Liaohe River (Excerpt)": -----------------------

From what aspects does the article describe the characteristics of things and write things clearly?

"Xiaguang":-----------------------------

"Yunnan Watching the Clouds (Excerpt)》:-----------------------------

2. The whole class comminicate.

"Strange River - Liaohe River (Excerpt)": Overview, river source, delta, red beach

"Xiaguang": color, location

"Yunnan Watching Clouds (Excerpt)": Clouds in other places, clouds in Yunnan

(Focus: ability to obtain information, overall perception ability)

(3) Interactive communication and appreciation of wonderful things Sentences

1. Read three more articles and feel the wonder and beauty.

Transition: After reading the article for the first time, we know from what aspects the author introduces things. The wonder and beauty of these things still require our careful reading.

Reading requirements: Complete "Reading Practice? Activity 1", draw and accumulate sentences that make you feel deeply, and select a few excerpts.

(Strength point: ability to obtain information and form explanation ability)

2. Share and communicate.

"The Strange River - Liaohe River (Excerpt)"

When the tidal flat advances toward the sea at a speed of tens of meters per year, it tightly ties the dense roots on the beach, The waves spread, swaying Yanhong's figure on the edge of the waves, but the rough waves could not engulf or sweep her away. When the tide goes out, the moist flames become more splendid and vivid. The miracle of life is breathtaking.

(1) Read the sentences aloud, grasp the description of the movements and appearance of Suaeda, and feel its vigorous vitality.

(2) Appreciate the scenery of Liaohe River and deepen your understanding and feelings. (Red Beach, Red-crowned Crane)

"Xiaguang":

This light shines on the green willow tops, filled with bursts of fairy spirit, making the willow leaves appear red. A slight breeze blew by, the leaves rustled, and the glow shone along with the fluttering willow branches, scattering into a patchwork of stars.

--------Xiaguang

Read the sentences and think: How does the author describe Xiaguang in detail and write about its beauty?

(The author uses a series of verbs to describe the dynamic beauty of exposure.)

"Looking at the Clouds in Yunnan (Excerpt)":

Especially Around dusk when the sky is clear, the scenery is extremely moving. It is entirely an ink painting, with a detached and bold brushwork. Sometimes a corner of the sky is as black as a patch of paint. Although its color is unusually dark, it feels very light.

-----------"Looking at Clouds in Yunnan (Excerpt)"

Read the sentences and taste: The author compares clouds to ink paintings, what kind of picture does it give you? Feel?

(Strength point: forming the ability to explain and make evaluations)

(4) Apply what you have learned and try to express it

1. Think and organize, complete " Reading practice? Activity 3”.

"The Strange River—Liaohe River (Excerpt)" introduces the strange Liaohe River from aspects such as its overview, river source, delta, and red beach. Please choose something you like and think about which aspects can be introduced more clearly and completely.

Please fill in the relevant content in the blank of "Activity 3" on page 35 of "Our World".

2. Student exchange "Activity 3", teachers provide timely guidance.

(Strength: evaluation ability, creative application ability)

Attachment 2: Examples of annotations for fourth-grade composition reading lessons

Chapter 7 composition composition Reading Lesson

ーー"Hercules in the Storm (Excerpt)", "Remembering General Zhang Zizhong" and "Plucking Reeds from Po Tai"

1. Teaching Objectives

1. Students can focus on the characters’ language, actions and other descriptions during the reading process.

2. Students can feel the characters’ qualities through their words and deeds.

3. Cultivate students’ great character of loving the motherland and being brave and fearless.

(Focus: obtaining information, overall perception, forming explanations, making evaluations, creative application)

2. Teaching process

(1) Pre-class communication , leading to the topic of heroes

Play the song "Soldier Sings".

Lei Feng and Dong Cunrui appear in this song, they are both heroes. Student discussion and exchange: What kind of person can be called a hero?

In this lesson, we will continue to study a set of articles about heroes.

"Hercules in the Storm", "Remembering General Zhang Zizhong" and "Gathering Reeds from Pu Tai"

Students read the title together.

(Strength point: acquisition of information, overall perception)

(2) Recall learning methods and flexibly use methods to learn

Introduce students to recall "focus on words and deeds" , feel the quality” this learning method.

1. Focus on words and deeds and read the book clearly.

(1) Understand how to read.

Read the two articles "Hercules in the Storm (Excerpt)" and "Gathering Reeds from Po Tai" by yourself.

Requirement: Read clearly.

Students discuss what reading clearly means.

(2) Students who understand these two articles should complete the form.

Article title? Protagonist? Character language? Character quality

"Hercules in the Storm (Excerpt)"

"Plucking Reeds from Po Tai"

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(Strength point: obtaining information, overall perception, forming explanation)

2. Reading feedback and stimulating emotions.

(1) Exchange "Hercules in the Storm (Excerpt)".

①Thinking: Who is the protagonist of this article? What did you write about the protagonist/What kind of person do you think the protagonist is?

② Focus on reading the words and deeds of the characters.

The old man had no choice but to crawl over... and struggled to walk towards higher ground.

Read by name.

Guide students to think: What did you see after reading this description? What's on your mind?

——It is precisely because Teacher Zhang sacrificed himself to save others in the storm regardless of personal safety, so he is called the "Hercules in the storm."

③Additional information:

In 2018, because of his outstanding work and selfless dedication, Teacher Zhang Yugun was awarded the title of "Model of the Times" by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee; in 2019, he was awarded the title of "Moving China" 2018 Person of the Year"; in 2021, he was awarded the title of "National Outstanding Communist Party Member" by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.

The article we read is excerpted from the book "Lamplighter in the Mountains". If you want to know more about Teacher Zhang's story, you can read this book. In addition, the movie "Grass All Over the World" based on Teacher Zhang Yugun has also been completed, and everyone can pay attention to it.

(2) Exchange "Collecting Reeds from Po Tai"

① Guide students to think:

Who is the protagonist of this article? What stories did you write about them? What kind of people do you think the people in Cai Pu Tai are like?

② Guide students to focus on the language descriptions and action descriptions that best reflect the tenacity and unyieldingness of the people in Caiputai. Students will outline and read these sentences freely.

Provide descriptions of dialogue between the enemy and the enemy and footage of people hiding guns.

Read by name and discover problems in reading aloud.

Guided reading: Facing a ferocious enemy, how should you read this passage?

The teacher demonstrated reading, which caused cries of excitement.

Present maps and data to let students understand the great harm Japan has caused to our country.

Have students read the sentences again after stimulating their emotions.

③Summary: It was precisely with the indomitable revolutionary will and infinite revolutionary wisdom that our anti-Japanese military and civilians achieved victory after victory, and finally won the Anti-Japanese War. After class, students can watch movies or books about the Anti-Japanese War to learn about how our anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians fought against the enemy in a difficult environment.

(Strength point: forming explanations and making evaluations)

(3) The most difficult article to read, "Remembering General Zhang Zizhong".

Suggest reading requirements: roughly understand.

Show the statue and photo of General Zhang Zizhong.

After the students read the article quickly, the teacher guided: Looking at the statue and photos of General Zhang, what kind of person do you think General Zhang is? What qualities did you learn from him? < /p>

Use the advanced deeds of the famous anti-Japanese general Zhang Zizhong, the Caiputai masses, and the outstanding Communist Party member Zhang Yugun to educate students to love national heroes and admire role models of the times.

Show: Remember history? Selfless dedication? Serve the motherland

(Focus: formulate explanations and make evaluations)