First, the nature is different.
1, saturated fatty acid
Saturated fatty acid refers to fatty acid without unsaturated double bond, which is a kind of fatty acid without unsaturated bond on carbon chain and one of the basic components of lipid.
2. Trans fatty acids
Trans fatty acids are the general name of unsaturated fatty acids with trans non-yoke double bond structure. Fatty acids are divided into saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids, in which unsaturated fatty acids refer to fatty acids with at least one carbon-carbon double bond in the fatty acid chain. If the two hydrogen atoms combined by two carbon atoms on the double bond are on the same side of the carbon chain and the spatial conformation is curved, it is called cis-unsaturated fatty acid, which is also the existing form of most unsaturated fatty acids in nature.
On the contrary, if the two hydrogen atoms combined with two carbon atoms on the double bond are on both sides of the carbon chain and the spatial conformation is linear, it is called trans-unsaturated fatty acid.
Second, the sources are different.
1, saturated fatty acid
Most of these fatty acids exist in the fats of animals such as cattle, sheep and pigs, and a few plants such as coconut oil, cocoa oil and palm oil also contain such fatty acids.
2. Trans fatty acids
(1), hydrogenated vegetable oil, refined vegetable oil, ruminant adipose tissue and milk.
② Other sources: In the cooking process of daily life, especially when frying and roasting, cis fatty acids in vegetable oil can be partially converted into trans fatty acids after being heated at high temperature, but the amount is very small.
Third, the impact is different.
1, saturated fatty acid
Saturated fatty acids are fatty acids with saturated bonds. Saturated fatty acids in the diet are mostly found in animal fat and milk fat, and these foods are also rich in cholesterol. Excessive intake of saturated fatty acids is the main reason for the increase of cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in blood, which in turn leads to increased risk of arterial stenosis, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.
2. Trans fatty acids
(1), thrombosis. Trans fatty acids can increase the viscosity and cohesion of human blood and easily lead to thrombosis, especially for the elderly with fragile blood vessel walls.
2, affecting development. During pregnancy or lactation, eating too much food containing trans fatty acids will affect the health of the fetus.
3, affecting fertility. Trans fatty acids can reduce the secretion of androgen, have a negative impact on sperm activity, and interrupt the reaction process of sperm in the body.
4. Reduce memory. Studies show that people who have bad eating habits when they are young are more likely to suffer from Alzheimer's disease (Alzheimer's Harmo's disease) when they are old.
5, easy to get fat. Trans fatty acids are not easily digested by the human body, and easily accumulate in the abdomen, leading to obesity. People who like to eat snacks such as French fries should be vigilant. Trans fatty acids in fried foods can cause obvious fat accumulation.
6, easy to cause coronary heart disease. According to the latest research by the French National Institute of Health and Medicine, trans fatty acids can reduce the content of cholesterol (HDL), thus effectively preventing heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases.
Refer to the above? Baidu Encyclopedia-saturated fatty acids, Baidu Encyclopedia-trans fatty acids