Grass, feed whole grains, drink mountain spring dew, and strictly limit the use of chemicals, hormones, feed additives, etc., in order to improve the flavor and quality of chicken, to produce a production skill that meets the requirements of green food standards. Pheasant breeding
1 site selection for pheasant breeding
A 1. 1 The feedlot shall not be located in an area explicitly prohibited by the Animal Husbandry Law, but shall avoid karst landform areas, and be more than 2km away from drinking water sources, residential areas (villages) and major traffic trunk lines 1 km, livestock and poultry feedlots and livestock and poultry slaughtering and processing and trading places.
Pheasants are raised in high-lying, dry, leeward and sunny places, with quiet environment, adequate water sources, sanitation, convenient drainage and power supply, forest belts, orchards, grasslands, barren hills and slopes without industrial pollution within 3 kilometers around, among which there should be free-range breeding in the stocking site.
Wild feed resources that chickens freely eat, such as weeds, insects, humus, etc.
1.2 the environmental sanitation quality around the chicken farm shall conform to the regulations of GB factory r 18407.3 and NY factory I'388, the air quality of pheasant breeding shall conform to the regulations of GB3095, and the drinking water shall conform to the regulations of NY 5027.
2 chicken farm layout
2. 1. 1 A chicken farm should be provided with a living management area, a production area and a harmless treatment area. There should be a clear separation of boundaries between regions and clear identification.
2. 1.2 chicken farm facilities should be equipped with a dehumidifier, which should be built independently in the production area. Chickens' brooding houses are built independently or temporarily in chicken houses, and the brooding density is 20. 30 feathers/m2 design. Adult henhouses should be built on higher ground, which can prevent
Rain, sunshade, shelter from the wind and keep warm, and the feeding density is10 ~15 feather/m2. Fencing, the wild pheasant feeding and stocking area should be fenced into areas, and the areas should be kept separately. Feeding facilities, with 30 ~ 50 feathers 1 feeding barrel and 1 drinking fountain. Nothing else. spray
Equipment, veterinary appliances, trolleys, electric high-pressure washing machines, etc. are equipped as required.
3 Selected native chicken varieties
Select local varieties or local hybrid varieties with strong adaptability, strong disease resistance, strong foraging ability, strong stress resistance, rough feeding resistance and good meat quality, which are suitable for stocking. Colorful pheasant breeding skills such as Sipu Ma Chicken, Tea Chicken, Black-bone Chicken, Big Hairy Foot Chicken can be raised. Tongyi chicken
The mountain chickens in the shed (group/column) should come from the same kind of chicken farm or the same batch of ground chickens in the non-epidemic area.
4 Feeding skills
4. 1 feeding density pheasant feeding
4. 1. 1 chicks: the brooding period is1~ 50 days old, and the feeding density is 2 weeks old and the ground is flat with 30 ~ 25 chicks/m2. Wild pheasant breeding online flat 40. 35 feathers/m2; At the age of 3 weeks, 25-20 birds were reared on the ground and 35-30 birds were reared online. 4 ~ 6 weeks old
20 ~15 feather/m2 on the ground and 30-20 feather/m2 online.
4. 1.2 adult chickens: the stocking density is 50 ~ 80 chickens per mu, and the size of each group is about 500 chickens.
4. 1.3 stocking age: no less than 100 days f100 ~130 days for meat chickens and no less than 360 days for laying hens.
4. 1.4 growth day age: not less than 150 days (150. 180 days). Raising pheasants
4.2 heat preservation and desuperheating
4.2. 1 heat preservation: the brood house should be heated in advance before the chicks enter. The temperature of newly hatched chicks1-2 days old should be 35℃.3 1℃, 33℃ ~ 30℃ for 3 ~15 days old, and 30℃ ~ 26℃ for16 ~ 30 days old. At the age of 31~ 45 days, the temperature finally dropped to 26cC～ ~
23℃。 At the same time of heat preservation, ventilation is also needed. Commonly used heat preservation methods include cardboard boxes, hot kang, brooding cages and so on.
4.2.2 Dewatering: Dewatering time is affected by the age, health, constitution and season of chicks, generally 6-7 weeks old in winter and spring, 5 weeks old in autumn and 4 weeks old in summer. Gradually reduce the daytime heating time, transition to no heating during the day, and then transition.
Without heating all day, the temperature will be removed.
4.3 Humidity of brooding house
There is a transition period for humidity requirements when chicks are transferred from high humidity hatchers to brooding houses. The requirement for the first week is 70% ~ 75%. The requirement for the second corridor is 65% ~ 70%, and it can be kept at 55%-60% in the future. High humidity in the early stage of brooding helps to absorb the remaining yolk and maintain normal feathers.
Growth and change. Dust flying in a dry environment can induce respiratory diseases. Because of the dry environment, chicks are easy to dehydrate and drink more water, which leads to indigestion. In production, we should consider humidification in the early stage of brooding and moistureproof measures in the later stage.
4.4 Ventilation to raise pheasants
The purpose of ventilation is to expel the dirty air in the house and replace it with fresh air. It can also effectively reduce the humidity in the house. Natural ventilation is mainly finished by opening and closing windows, while mechanical ventilation is finished by using fans. In production, special attention should be paid to ventilation in winter houses.
4.5 illumination
Before the brooding period1~ 2 days old, 24-hour continuous illumination system with light intensity of 50 lux (equivalent to L square meter15 ~ 20 watt incandescent light) is adopted, which is convenient for chicks to get familiar with the environment, find feeding and drinking positions, and is also conducive to heat preservation; 3 ~ 8 days old, 1 hour black
Dark. 23 hours light: 9-14 days old, 20 hours light every day; 15 ~ 21day age, daily light 16 hours; In the future, natural light will be used, and the light intensity will gradually weaken. It is found that red light and green light can effectively prevent pecking, but weak light is more important.
Simple and effective.
4.6 broken peck
In order to prevent pecking addiction and reduce mortality, it is best to break pecking at about 10 days old. If you can't do it during this period, you can also break the peck at 2 ~ 3 weeks old (breaking the peck is not necessary, it is up to the user to choose, and the product soil cock is not good). How to break the peck: grab the chicken's leg with your left hand.
Hold the chicken in the right hand, put the thumb of the right hand on the top of the chicken's head, put the forefinger on the swallow, slightly force the chicken's tongue to retract, vertically block the pecked 1/2 and pecked 1/3 on the pecker, and then burn it for 2 seconds to prevent bleeding. One day before and one day after pecking should be in the feed, water
Take VK3 (guess 2 mg/kg or 1 mg/kg in water) to reduce bleeding.
4.7 Grouping
Group size in about 20 days: group male and female in about 30 days; Strong and weak grouping can depend on the state of chickens.
4.8 Feeding methods
4.8. 1 Chickens should drink for the first time within 24 hours after hatching. The "first drink" should be equipped with 5% glucose water or electrolytic multivitamin at the temperature of18℃ ~ 20℃, and the water quantity should be controlled within 2 hours, and all chicks should drink the water.
4.8.2 Chickens are drinking for the first time. After 3 hours or when more than 80% chicks have a strong appetite, they will start eating. "Open food" can be put in non-toxic and disinfected oil paper, plastic cloth or shallow tray, and there should be more "open food" points, a small number of times, to ensure that all chicks can
At the same time, I ate chicken feed.
4.8.3 Chickens should be fed with chick feed that meets the needs of chicks' growth and development.
4.8.4 Chickens are transferred to the stocking area after they are bred, and the method of combining free feeding with artificial supplementary feeding is selected for feeding. During the day, chickens can fully and freely eat natural food such as grass, leaves, seeds and insects, and the insufficient part is directly fed with corn, grain, wheat and rice bran, or
Feed with several kinds of raw grains. Chickens at the initial stage of stocking should be fed 4 times a day, and Zhongda chickens should be fed 2-3 times a day until they are fully fed.
4.8.5 All-weather supply of clean drinking water. The first time a chick drinks water is called the first drink. It is best to drink for the first time about 24 hours after the shell is taken out, and it is best to take l% in drinking water. 2% glucose, appropriate amount of multi-dimensional and antibacterial drugs (such as ofloxacin, pefloxacin, fluoride
Benicol, etc.) to prevent pullorum, Escherichia coli, mycoplasma and other diseases in chicks. Drinking water should be provided about 3 hours before feeding, and the water temperature should be above 18℃. Fresh water should be used, and it is best to use cold boiled water in the first week, and water cannot be cut off after boiling. Some chicks can't.
To drink water, you can press the chicken's mouth into the water to help chicks learn to drink water.
4.9 stocking method
According to the scale of the stocking area and the vegetation status, the number of chickens in each area should not exceed 1000; Males and hens should be kept separately, with no more than 80 hens per mu.
4. 10 set-up exercise
At the beginning of stocking, training exercises are carried out. By whistling, knocking on the bucket and other methods, chickens can gather to feed or return to the henhouse when they hear the designated signal.
5 breeding skills of capon pheasant
The age of capons is14-90 days (14-25 days is the most suitable). Its growing age is not less than 150 days (150, 180 days). 2 days before and 3 days after capon operation. Add vitamin K3, VC and broad-spectrum antibiotics to drinking water. And do a good job in environmental sanitation and disinfection to prevent wound feeling.
Dye. Capons should be raised alone in groups.