Winter sunflower can be cultivated in the open field in spring or autumn. Because of its weak heat tolerance, it is not suitable for cultivation in summer because it often dies of "seedling transformation" in summer. In the north of China, because the autumn temperature is too low, it is impossible to carry out overwintering cultivation in the open field, so spring sowing is suitable. It can be carried out after the soil is thawed in early March, and the sowing is too late, the temperature is too high, the light is strong, the growth speed is fast, and the crude fiber of winter sunflower increases, which affects the quality. Cultivation in solar greenhouse, sowing by stages and annual production. Generally, harvesting begins 60 days after sowing.

2. Soil preparation and fertilization

Winter sunflower does not have strict requirements on soil, and it can be planted whether it is barren or fertile. But loose and fertile soil with good drainage is better. Before sowing, 2,000-3,000 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizer and 20 kilograms of ternary compound fertilizer were applied every 667 square meters as base fertilizer. Digging and raking, and making 1.2- 1.5 meter wide flat border for later use.

3. Field management

do final singling (of seedlings)

When the seedlings grow to 3 leaves 1 heart, the seedlings should be thinned in time, and the seedlings should be fixed when the seedlings have 5 leaves, and the row spacing between plants is15cm x 25cm. Weeds grow vigorously at seedling stage, so weeding should be done in time, and intertillage should be carried out at the same time to prevent soil hardening and promote the development of root system.

Water and fertilizer management

After the seedlings are fixed, urea 1 time should be applied in combination with watering, and the dosage should be 5-7kg per 667m2. After entering the late harvest stage, in order to prevent nitrate residues in vegetables from exceeding the standard, topdressing with quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer was stopped.

4, timely harvesting

When the plant height of winter sunflower is 20-25cm, it can be harvested for the first time, and if the season is suitable, it can be harvested 25-30 days after emergence. In the vigorous growth period in spring, it is harvested every 7- 10 day/time, and 1-2 knots are left at the base of the stem during harvesting, so as to avoid excessive side branches and affect the yield and quality; In autumn, the temperature is low and the harvest period is long, which can be harvested in 15-20 days 1 time, and 4-5 knots are left at the base of the stem to improve the cold resistance; Winter sunflower can be harvested 4-5 times in spring and 3-4 times in autumn, with a yield of about 2000 kg per 667 square meters.