The new socialist countryside means that in the early stage of industrialization, it is a general trend that agriculture supports industry and provides accumulation for industry; However, after industrialization reaches a certain level, it is also a general trend that industry feeds back agriculture, cities support rural areas, and the coordinated development of industry and agriculture, and cities and rural areas is realized.

The concept of "new socialist countryside" was put forward as early as 1950s. In the early 1980s, China put forward the concept of "well-off society", in which building a new socialist countryside is one of the important contents of well-off society. The construction of new socialist countryside put forward by the Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee is a new starting point for comprehensive rural reform under the guidance of brand-new ideas under the new historical background, which will greatly promote rural development and construction. The construction of a new socialist countryside refers to the economic, political, cultural and social construction of the countryside under the socialist system according to the requirements of the new era, and finally realizes the goal of building the countryside into a new socialist countryside with prosperous economy, perfect facilities, beautiful environment, civilization and harmony. To build a new socialist countryside, it is necessary to promote the adjustment of rural industrial structure economically, improve the competitiveness of rural industries and increase the income of agricultural workers. Social undertakings and cultural undertakings can be realized through the adjustment of the national income distribution pattern by the state.