Hyperthyroidism, also known as hyperthyroidism, is a very common endocrine disease in clinical practice. It refers to a series of hypermetabolic syndromes in the nervous system, circulatory system, digestive system, cardiovascular system, and other systems, as well as symptoms of high arousal and eye symptoms, caused by various reasons leading to an increase in the function of the thyroid gland, an overproduction of thyroid hormones, or an increase in the level of thyroid hormones (T3, T4) in the blood. Clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism include: panic, tachycardia, fear of heat, excessive sweating, hyperphagia, lethargy, weight loss, fatigue and weakness, agitation, impatience, insomnia, lack of concentration, protruding eyeballs, trembling of the hands and tongue, goiter and enlargement of the thyroid gland, menstrual disorders and even amenorrhea in women, and impotence and breast development in men. The enlargement of the thyroid gland is symmetrical or asymmetrical, the goiter or enlargement of the thyroid gland will move up and down with swallowing, and some hyperthyroid patients have thyroid nodules. The eye changes caused by hyperthyroidism, one type is benign proptosis, the patient's eyeballs protrude, eye gaze or present a frightened look; the other is malignant proptosis, which can be transformed from benign proptosis, malignant proptosis patients often have photophobia, tearing, diplopia, vision loss, eye pain, tingling, and foreign body sensation, etc., due to the high degree of protrusion of the eyeballs, so that the eyes can not be closed, the conjunctiva, cornea exposed and cause congestion, edema, corneal ulceration, etc., and even blindness. The eyeballs are highly protruding so that the eyes cannot be closed and the conjunctiva and cornea are exposed, causing congestion, edema, corneal ulceration, etc., and even blindness. Some patients with hyperthyroidism have no eye symptoms or the symptoms are not obvious. The above are typical clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism, but not every hyperthyroidism patient has all the clinical symptoms, different types of hyperthyroidism, clinical manifestations are different.

2. In the daily food, kelp, seaweed, sea cabbage, sea fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish rich in iodine. Excessive iodine is unfavorable to the condition, which is manifested as:

(1) aggravating hyperthyroidism: as iodine is the main raw material for manufacturing thyroid hormones, long-term administration of iodine can aggravate hyperthyroidism, and even iodine-derived hyperthyroidism can occur.

(2) to the treatment of adverse: eating too much iodine, but also may make the thyroid tissue hardening, resulting in prolonged illness, affecting the anti-thyroid drug treatment, iodine excess to make the thyroid drug treatment of hyperthyroidism time prolonged, the cure rate declined,, excessive iodine supplementation after hyperthyroidism with the antithyroid drug cure drug fell to 20% to 35%.

Therefore, patients with hyperthyroidism should avoid eating iodine-containing foods such as kelp, seaweed, sea fish, and iodine-containing traditional Chinese medicines such as seaweed and kombucha should be prohibited. Patients with salt should eat non-iodized salt. If iodized salt should be iodized salt by high temperature frying for a period of time after consumption, so that iodine volatilization.

3. Patients with hyperthyroidism should pay attention to the following during the medication period and in their diet:

(1) Avoid spicy food: hot pepper, raw onion, raw garlic;

(2) Avoid seafood: kelp, prawns, scallop fish;

(3) Avoid strong tea, coffee, tobacco and alcohol;

(4) Keep the mood calm, preventing labor and fatigue.

Hyperthyroidism is a disease caused by the thyroid gland producing too much thyroid hormone. This disease is more common in women. Too much thyroid hormone can cause a series of clinical symptoms, such as fear of heat, excessive sweating, hyperphagia, loss of weight, panic, emotional tension and short-tempered and other symptoms. Most patients with hyperthyroidism have enlarged thyroid glands, the degree of enlargement varies from mild to severe, and very few patients with hyperthyroidism do not have enlarged thyroid glands. Many patients with hyperthyroidism also have protruding eyeballs, the degree of eyeball protrusion may be mild or severe. Thyroid function tests may reveal an increase in the rate of 131 iodine uptake by the thyroid gland and a marked increase in blood levels of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). The most common type of hyperthyroidism is toxic diffuse goiter, which accounts for about 80% of all hyperthyroid patients. Its etiology is mainly related to immune dysfunction and congenital genetics.

Where is the thyroid gland located in the body

In daily life conversation, many people do not know where the thyroid gland is located in the body. The location of the thyroid gland is in the lower front of the neck, behind the sixth tracheal ring cartilage and in front of the anterior cervical muscle groups. The human thyroid gland begins to appear during fetal life, and after birth the thyroid gland develops into two lobes, the right and left, with the isthmus connecting the two lobes in the middle. At puberty the thyroid gland matures and weighs 15-30 grams, with each of the two lobes measuring 2-2.5 centimeters in width and 4-5 centimeters in height, and the isthmus measuring 2 centimeters in width and 2 centimeters in height. The thyroid gland is slightly larger in women than in men. Normally, the thyroid gland is very small and thin, so it is neither visible nor palpable in the neck. If the thyroid gland can be felt in the neck, even if it is not visible, it is considered to be enlarged. This degree of enlargement is often physiologic, especially during female puberty, and is usually not the result of disease, but can sometimes be pathologic.

What is a hyperthyroidism crisis

Hyperthyroidism is a long-term disease, a series of comorbidities can occur, such as hyperthyroidism heart disease, hyperthyroidism paralysis of the limbs, hyperthyroidism hypertension, hyperthyroidism diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism psychosis, and so on, and the seriousness of the condition can lead to a hyperthyroidism crisis, and the rescue of not in a hurry can often be a crisis of life.

Hyperthyroidism crisis is a rapid deterioration of the condition of hyperthyroidism, resulting in serious metabolic disorders of the whole body, the cardiovascular system, the digestive system, the nervous system and other serious dysfunctions, often life-threatening, such as diagnosis and rescue measures are not timely, the mortality rate is extremely high. Even if the diagnosis and treatment are timely, about 5-15% of the patients can hardly be spared.

The principle of this disease is still not completely clear, often in the case of hyperthyroidism has not been treated or treatment has not been controlled, encountered certain stress factors and lead to the occurrence of hyperthyroidism crisis. Under stress, the thyroid gland synthesizes a large amount of thyroid hormone and releases it into the bloodstream, causing the existing hyperthyroidism to worsen dramatically, and stress can make the catecholamine activity increase significantly, further aggravating the condition.

Can hyperthyroidism patients eat iodine-containing food

Hyperthyroidism patients avoid eating iodine-containing food! The reasons are as follows:

(1) Iodine is one of the important raw materials for thyroid hormone synthesis by the thyroid gland, and the content of thyroid hormone in hyperthyroid patients is already higher than that of normal people, so if they are given iodine-containing food, the hyperactive thyroid gland will synthesize more hormones, which will aggravate their condition.

(2) The bioavailability of iodine in the thyroid gland of hyperthyroid patients is significantly higher than that of normal people, and even if a very small dose of iodine-containing food is given, the sick thyroid gland may produce more thyroid hormones than normal, aggravating the condition.

(3) The normal body will expel excess iodine from the body after consuming too much iodine-containing food, so as not to produce too much thyroid hormone. However, in hyperthyroidism, the thyroid gland is abnormally hyperfunctional and its own protective mechanism is dysfunctional, so not only can it not remove the excess raw materials, but it will instead over-utilize this iodine and synthesize a large amount of thyroid hormones, worsening the condition.

This shows that hyperthyroidism patients not only can't supplement iodine-containing food, but also should avoid using any iodine-containing food and drugs as much as possible. The highest iodine content of food to seafood, especially kelp, jellyfish, seaweed, moss and mussels, and hyperthyroidism patients should also be careful to use iodine, iodine-containing laryngeal tablets, iodine-containing contrast media and other drugs.

(1) Give enough carbohydrates and fat. Carbohydrates and fat have the role of saving protein, if the supply is sufficient, can make the protein play its unique physiological function. Give enough vitamins and inorganic salts. Vitamins and inorganic salts can regulate physiological functions and improve body metabolism, especially vitamin B and vitamin C. Adequate calcium and iron should be given to prevent deficiency.

(2) Appropriate increase in animal offal, fresh green leafy vegetables, or supplemental vitamin preparations.

(3) Appropriate control of fiber-rich foods. Hyperthyroid patients often have diarrhea, such as too much supply of fiber-rich foods will aggravate diarrhea.

(4) Avoid the use of strong stimulating tea, coffee, tobacco and alcohol.

What are the Chinese medicines for hyperthyroidism?

There are many Chinese patent medicines for hyperthyroidism, which are the summary of clinicians' experience in the treatment of the disease from different perspectives, and have achieved good results in the treatment of hyperthyroidism, which are summarized as follows:

1.Compound Hyperthyroidism Ointment

Composition: 15 grams of Astragalus, Radix Codonopsis pilosulae, Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng, Radix et Rhizoma Alba, Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng and Radix et Rhizoma Oysters, 10 grams of Siberian wildflower, 6 grams of Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng. 10 grams, white mustard seed 6 grams.

Indications: patients with mild or moderate hyperthyroidism; patients with hyperthyroidism who are allergic to thioureas; combined with leukopenia, those who can not use antithyroid drugs; consolidation of treatment after remission of antithyroid drug therapy.

Use and dosage: the above is made into a paste, 10 grams each time, 3 times a day, 3 months for a course of treatment, can be taken for several courses of treatment.

Therapeutic efficacy: treatment of 50 cases, symptoms, signs and symptoms of relief improvement rate of 90.9%, basal metabolic rate decreased effective rate of 62.5%, the thyroid uptake of 131 iodine rate decreased effective rate of 70%. The treatment of severe hyperthyroidism and anti-thyroid drugs can reduce the toxic reaction of the latter and shorten the course of treatment. Pharmacological evidence: this formula can promote the phagocytosis of reticuloendothelial system, improve cellular immunity and humoral immunity, promote protein synthesis and energy metabolism, and directly inhibit the synthesis of thyroxine. [Yu YP, et al. Zhejiang Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1980;(8):360]

2. Compound Hyperthyroidism Tablets

Composition: Xia Gu Cao, roasted turtle shell, raw oyster, Xuan Shen, Crown Prince Ginseng and so on.

Indications: mainly used for patients with hyperthyroidism, hyperactivity of liver and yang, deficiency of qi and yin.

Use and dosage: the above processed into tablets, 10 tablets each time, 3 times a day, 1 month as a course of treatment.

Therapeutic efficacy: the use of this formula tablet treatment of hyperthyroidism index simplified program T1>10 30 cases, the longest serving 6 courses of treatment, 11 cases of clinical cure, 14 cases of apparent effect, 4 cases of improvement, 1 case of ineffective (taking the drug to stop the use of other western and traditional Chinese medicines). Experiments show that this formula has the effect of reducing energy metabolism and TT3 concentration in blood of hyperthyroid rabbits, and its pharmacological mechanism may be: on the one hand, weakening the reaction of thyroid hormone target organs and target tissues to thyroxine, and on the other hand, accelerating the degradation of thyroid hormone which has already entered into the blood circulation. And most of these drugs have immunomodulatory effects, using the two-way immunomodulatory effect of this herbal compound to rebuild the stability of the human immune system. [Chen Meixiang, et al. Journal of Hunan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1989;(3):147].

3 Hyperthyroidism Pill

Composition: tangerine red 100g, Qing half-sia 150g, Yunling 150g, seaweed 150g, kombu 150g, Xiaku Cao 200g, calcined oyster 150g, Dabei 150g, Sanleng 100g, Huangyao Zi 50g, Glycyrrhiza Uralensis 50g, Succinum 10g, Cinnabar 10g.

Indications: due to internal injuries to the seven emotions, worry and anger, over time into phlegm and gas galls.

Use and dosage: the above medicine **** for fine powder, refined honey for the pill, each pill weighs 15 grams, 2 times a day, 1 pill each time.

Therapeutic efficacy: 125 cases of hyperthyroidism treated with this pill, 65 cases were cured, 24 cases were shown to be effective, 23 cases were improved, and 13 cases were ineffective, and those who were cured took at least 90 pills and at most 180 pills.

Drug research shows that: in this formula, seaweed, kombu, yellow medicinal herbs, Xia Gu Cao are iodine-containing traditional Chinese medicines, iodine is an element of the synthesis of thyroxine (TH), within a certain dosage limit, the synthesis of TH with the increase of iodine dosage increases, if the use of more than the limit will cause the opposite result - the inhibition of the synthesis of thyroxine. If utilized above the limit, it causes the opposite result - inhibition of thyroxine synthesis. Pharmacologic doses of iodine, in addition to inhibiting the synthesis of thyroxine, also inhibit the release of TH. In hyperthyroid patients, after treatment with iodine, TH levels in the blood drop rapidly due to the inhibition of TH synthesis and release, and the symptoms of hyperthyroidism rapidly begin to subside. [Huang Taikang. Chinese medicine difficult disease prescription handbook China medicine science and technology press 1997]

4 Kunming mountain begonia tablets

Use and dosage: group A, 20 cases, take 6 tablets of this product per day (equivalent to 2.6 grams of raw medicine); group B, 36 cases per day, plus tabazolol 15 mg. After 4-8 weeks of treatment, 19 cases in group A were relieved (clinical symptoms relieved, heart rate <90 beats/min, serum T3 and T4 reduced to normal), and all cases in group B were relieved. The serum T3, T4 and anti-thyroglobulin antibody and anti-thyroid particle antibody of both groups decreased significantly after treatment compared with those before treatment, and there were significant differences in statistical treatment (P < 0.05-0.01). [Wu Gan, et al. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1989;(8):36]

5 Hyperthyroidism spirit tablets

Composition: Xia Gu Cao, Mo Dai Lian, Dang Shen, Shan Yao, Calcined Dragon Bone, Calcined Oyster and so on made into tablets.

Indications: hyperthyroidism yin deficiency and hyperactivity type.

Use and dosage: the treatment group each time to take the product 7 tablets, 3 times a day, the control group with tabazole 2 tablets (10 mg) 3 times a day, and placebo 2, 7 tablets, respectively. 1 month for a course of treatment.

Therapeutic effect: 150 cases in the treatment group and 75 cases in the control group. The two groups were cured 26, 14 cases, obvious effect 89, 36 cases, effective 23, 1 7 cases, ineffective 12, 8 cases, the total effective rate of 92%, 89.3%. Heart rate, basal metabolism, TT3, TT4 two groups before and after treatment itself and post-treatment intergroup comparisons have significant differences (P < 0.01). [Yang Chunhua. Hunan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Journal 1997 ;(4):5-6]

Hyperthyroidism treatment drip

Hyperthyroidism is a common endocrine disorder caused by excess thyroxine, the treatment of drugs, surgery, radioactive 131 iodine and so on. The most commonly used is drug treatment, in order to reduce recurrence, better effect, treatment should pay attention to the following points.

First of all, we should know the side effects of thyroid medication (Tabazole or propylthiouracil), which include leukopenia, granulocyte deficiency, itchy skin (or rash), and a few liver damage. Among them, granulocyte deficiency is the most important, so the white blood cell count should be rechecked regularly, and those who have decreased should apply drugs to raise white blood cells, such as hematopoietin and salbutamol, etc., and the drugs should be stopped if necessary.

In daily life, many people mistakenly think that after suffering from hyperthyroidism should eat more seaweed, in fact, this is to interfere with and unfavorable to the treatment of hyperthyroidism. The correct treatment should avoid iodine-containing foods such as kelp, seaweed, cabbage, seafood fish and shrimp. Iodine-containing table salt should be replaced by common table salt, or put in early when cooking vegetables.

During the course of treatment, patients should go to the hospital regularly to review their thyroid function, so that the doctor can adjust the dosage according to the clinical and laboratory tests in time to prevent drug-induced hypothyroidism. Some patients stop taking the medication on their own when their symptoms improve, which is very likely to recur, so the medication should not be used for a long period of time to maintain the amount of medication, and the course of treatment should be about two years.

Drug therapy should be combined with Chinese and Western medicine, Chinese medicine can adjust the body's immune state, which can reduce the recurrence.

Overwork and mental stress are the causes of hyperthyroidism recurrence, so reasonable living arrangements, optimistic mood, correct diet and medication is the key to the treatment of hyperthyroidism.