Asparagus dioecious, insect-borne flowers, small, bell-shaped, each with 6 sepals and 6 petals. Each flower 1-4 axillary, green and yellow; The pedicel is 8- 12(- 14) mm long, and the joint is located near the upper or middle part. Male factory: the perianth is 5-6 mm long; Filaments are inserted in perianth segments below the middle; The female flower is smaller and the perianth is about 3 mm long. Berries are 7-8 mm in diameter, red at maturity and have 2-3 seeds. The flowering period is May-June, and the fruiting period is 9-65438+1October.
What plants grow asparagus?
Asparagus is the tender stem bud of asparagus in Liliaceae.
Morphological description of asparagus;
Erect herbs, up to 1 m; Roots slightly fleshy, 2-3 mm thick. The stem is smooth, and the upper part often droops in the later stage; The branches are very fragile. Every 3-6 leaflike branches are clustered, nearly cylindrical, slightly flat, slender, slightly curved, 5-30 mm long and 0.3-0.5 mm thick; The leaves are scaly, and the base has thorns for a short distance or almost no distance. Flowers per 1-4 axillary, unisexual, yellow-green, pedicel 7- 14 mm long, nodes located in the upper or near the middle; Male flowers: 6 perianth, 5-6 mm long; Filaments are inserted in perianth segments below the middle; Anthers are oblong and 1- 1.5 mm long; The female flower is smaller, the perianth is about 3 mm long and has 6 staminodes. The pulp is spherical, 7-8 mm in diameter, red at maturity, with 2-3 seeds. In China, only the northwest of Xinjiang is wild, and other areas are often cultivated, and a few are wild; Distributed in Central Europe to North Africa, East to West Siberia and Central Asia. It is cultivated all over the world, and young plants can be eaten as vegetables.
Asparagus: the tender stem bud of asparagus.
Flowers and leaves of asparagus
Asparagus fruit is ripe
The appearance of asparagus
Asparagus dioecious, insect-borne flowers, small, bell-shaped, each with 6 sepals and 6 petals. Each flower 1-4 axillary, green and yellow; The pedicel is 8- 12(- 14) mm long, and the joint is located near the upper or middle part. Male flower: Perianth is 5-6 mm long; Filaments are inserted in perianth segments below the middle; The female flower is smaller and the perianth is about 3 mm long. Berries are 7-8 mm in diameter, red at maturity and have 2-3 seeds. The flowering period is May-June, and the fruiting period is 9-65438+1October.
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What is asparagus?
Asparagus, also known as Gracilaria lemaneiformis, is a perennial herb. Young plants can be eaten as vegetables.
Asparagus, the scientific name of asparagus, is a spring vegetable and a perennial flowering plant. Like its cousins leeks, onions and garlic, it was once classified as Liliaceae. However, Liliaceae has been differentiated, and this onion plant is now classified as Lycoris and Asparagus (Asparagus) of Asparagaceae.
The unearthed white bamboo shoots are called white bamboo shoots, and the unearthed green bamboo shoots are called green bamboo shoots. Even if the place of origin is different, in fact, no matter which asparagus variety, as long as it is irradiated in the sun, it will become green asparagus. If it is buried in the soil or protected from light, it will turn asparagus white.
nutritive value
Asparagus is rich in vitamin B, vitamin A and trace elements such as folic acid, selenium, iron, manganese and zinc. Asparagus contains various amino acids necessary for human body.
The selenium content of asparagus is higher than that of ordinary vegetables, close to selenium-enriched mushrooms, and even comparable to that of marine fish and shrimp. In a word, from the analysis results of amino acids and zinc, copper, iron, manganese and selenium elements of white bamboo shoots and green bamboo shoots, it can be seen that the amino acids and trace elements of green bamboo shoots are higher than those of white bamboo shoots except aspartic acid.
What color are asparagus seeds?
greyish-green
A vegetable that looks like asparagus, but it is empty inside. What's it called?
Okra is millet. The root system is developed, the absorption is strong, the stems are upright and branched, and the root depth is more than1m.
Stem: The main stem is erect, with a height of 1 ~ 2.5m, a diameter of 5cm, red and green, cylindrical, short basal internodes, woody stems, and several lateral branches at the basal internodes, starting from the flowering node.
No side branches appeared; Leaves palmately 5-lobed, alternate, with hairs or bristles on the leaves and slender and hollow petioles; The flowers are big and yellow and inserted in the axils of leaves.
Leaves: Leaves alternate, with coarse hairs on the upper and lower surfaces, palmately 3-5-lobed or shallowly lobed. The leaves in the lower part of the plant are round and wide, and gradually narrow from the upper part. There are also kinds of round leaves, such as castor leaves. The petiole is long and hollow, and there are white transparent particles on the back of the leaves.
Flowers: the flowers are axillary and begin to grow at the 4th ~10 node of the main plant. Usually, each node will grow a flower in the future. Flowers are perfect, with yellow petals, usually 5 pieces, and dark red at the base. The flowering period is only a few hours, it will wither in the afternoon, and the tender fruit can be harvested about 3 ~ 4 days after the flower withers. Palmately divided, with 5 ~ 7 lobes, lanceolate, and tapering at the apex; The edge is obtuse and serrated, and the petiole is slender and hollow. Flowers are 4 ~ 8 cm in diameter, with white to yellow petals and red or purple spots at the root of petals, which are gorgeous in color and have ornamental value.
Fruit: The fruit is a capsule, which is more than 10 cm long, with a sharp apex, slightly curved, slender like a horn or pepper, with thin leathery skin and a sharp apex. The color of the fruit varies from light green to dark green, but also purple. Fruit shapes can be divided into long fruit shapes or short fruit shapes, ranging from 5 angles to many angles, and also round. Fruits contain special sticky substances and have special fragrance or flavor. When the fruit is ripe, it turns black, lignified, longitudinally cracked, and there is a membrane separation between ventricles. There are more than 10 seeds in each ventricle (sub-chamber), which are spherical, slightly smaller than peas and grayish brown. Fruit length 10 ~ 25 cm, transverse diameter 1.9 ~ 3.6 cm. The surface of the fruit is covered with fine white fluff, and the fruit is lignified and inedible when it is ripe; The seeds are spherical, the size of mung beans, and the skin is thick and capillary. It contains many seeds. The seeds are spherical, gray-black, and the 1000-grain weight is about 55g.
Where does asparagus grow?
Asparagus planting needs to choose a place with suitable water content, without high temperature and soil, but it also needs to choose soil suitable for roots and root system development.
(1) temperature
Asparagus has a strong adaptability to temperature, which is both cold-resistant and heat-resistant, and can be cultivated from sub-cold zone to subtropical zone. But it is most suitable for temperate cultivation with distinct seasons and pleasant climate. In the cold zone, when the temperature is -33℃ and the thickness of frozen soil reaches 1 m, it can still overwinter safely, with low yield but good quality. The initial germination temperature of asparagus seeds is 5℃, and the optimum temperature is 25 ~ 30℃. When the temperature is higher than 30℃, the germination rate and germination potential decrease obviously. Breeding with seeds can continue to grow for more than 10 years.
In winter, the aboveground parts wither, and the rhizomes and fleshy roots enter dormancy and overwinter; In warm areas in winter, the dormancy period is not obvious. The dormancy period is extremely resistant to low temperature. When the ground temperature rises above 5℃ in spring, the scale buds begin to germinate. The tender stems began to elongate above 65438 00℃. 15 ~ 17℃ is the most suitable for bud formation; Above 25℃, the bud is thin, the scales are scattered and the tissue is aging; At 30℃, the bud elongation is the fastest; At 35 ~ 37℃, the growth of plants was inhibited, and even withered into summer sleep. The suitable temperature for photosynthesis of asparagus is 65438 05 ~ 20℃. When the temperature is too high, the photosynthetic intensity is greatly weakened, the respiration is enhanced and the photosynthetic productivity is reduced.
Asparagus grows 2-3 times or more new stems every year. Generally, the tender stems germinated in spring are used for food, and their growth depends on the nutrient supply stored in the roots of the previous year. The growth and yield of tender stems are positively correlated with the number of mature stems and the degree of lush foliage in the previous year. With the growth of plant age, the number of tender stems and yield increased year by year. With the continuous branching of rhizomes, the development of plant clusters tends to decline, the aboveground stems become smaller and smaller, and the yield and quality of tender stems gradually decline. Generally, 4 ~ 10 years after colonization is the reproductive period.
(2) Soil
Asparagus is suitable for sandy loam with rich organic matter, and grows well in fertile soil with loose soil, deep soil layer, fertilizer and water conservation and good air permeability. Asparagus can tolerate mild saline-alkali, but when the soil salt content exceeds 0.2%, the plant development is obviously affected, the absorption roots shrink, the stems and leaves become emaciated and die gradually. Asparagus has strong adaptability to soil pH and can be cultivated in any soil with pH between 5.5 and 7.8. And pH 6 ~ 6.7 is the most suitable.
(3) Moisture
Asparagus has small transpiration, developed root system and relatively drought tolerance. However, if the bamboo shoots are too dry during the picking period, it will inevitably lead to tender stems, shrinking growth buds and serious yield reduction. Asparagus is extremely industrious, and stagnant water will lead to root rot and death. Therefore, planting plots should be high and dry, and drainage should be paid attention to in rainy season.
How far can asparagus be eaten?
The asparagus you usually buy in the vegetable market is only one card long, about ten centimeters long.
What kind of plant is asparagus?
Asparagus has a strong adaptability to temperature, which is both cold-resistant and heat-resistant, and can be cultivated from sub-cold zone to subtropical zone. Asparagus Asparagus has four distinct seasons and a pleasant climate, which is most suitable for temperate cultivation.