1. Potato is a very good food with high potassium and low sodium, which is very suitable for obese people with edema. In addition, its potassium content is almost the highest among vegetables, so it also has the effect of stovepipe.

2. It can be used to treat stomachache, rib tuberculosis, carbuncle swelling, eczema and scald. It is a traditional Chinese medicine for invigorating the stomach and a drug for detoxifying and detumescence, which is flat and sweet.

3. Modern research has proved that potato has special effects in mediating dyspepsia, and it is a good medicine and high-quality health care product for patients with stomach diseases and heart diseases. Potatoes are nutritious and one of the anti-aging foods.

4. According to foreign research, the antibacterial ingredients contained in potatoes can help prevent gastric ulcer, which not only has antibacterial effect, but also does not cause drug resistance.

Potato (SolanumtuberosumL L.) belongs to panicum miliaceum of Solanaceae. Its tuber is edible, and it is the fourth most important food crop in the world, next only to wheat, rice and corn. Potato, also known as egg, potato, potato, etc., is the tuber of Solanaceae. Together with wheat, rice, corn and sorghum, it has become the five major crops in the world.

Potatoes are native to the Andes in South America, and the history of artificial cultivation can be traced back to the southern part of Peru from about 8000 BC to 5000 BC.

The main potato producing countries are China, Russian, Indian, Ukrainian and American. China is the country with the largest total potato production in the world.

In 20 15, China will start the potato staple food strategy, and promote the processing of potatoes into steamed bread, noodles, rice noodles and other staple foods, and potatoes will become another staple food besides rice, wheat and corn.

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Growth condition

Potato likes cold and cool, and it is a crop that likes low temperature. The formation and growth of underground potato blocks need a loose, breathable, cool and humid soil environment.

Requirements for temperature of potato: The optimum temperature for tuber growth is 16℃~ 18℃, and when the local temperature is higher than 25℃, the tuber will stop growing; The optimum temperature for stem and leaf growth is 15℃~25℃, and it will stop growing when it exceeds 39℃.

The potato was introduced into China for only 300 years. It is said that it was introduced from Southeast Asia by overseas Chinese, and the potato planting area in China ranked second in the world in the 2nd/kloc-0th century. Potato has high yield, rich nutrition and strong adaptability to the environment, and now it has spread all over the world. Tropical and subtropical countries can cultivate and obtain high yield even in winter or cool season.

morphological character

1. Tuber morphology

Herbs. The fruit is stem-shaped, oblate or high 15-80 cm, spherical, hairless or pubescent. The stem is divided into two parts: aboveground stem and underground stem. Oblong, about 3- 10 cm in diameter, with white, reddish or purple skin. The skin of potato is white, yellow, pink, red, purple and black, and the flesh of potato is white, light yellow, yellow, black, cyan, purple and black purple.

2. Plant morphology

Fibrous root system The stems on the ground are rhombic and hairy. The primary leaves are simple and entire. With the growth of the plant, odd and unequal pinnate compound leaves are gradually formed. Leaflets often alternate in size and are 10-20 cm long; Petiole is about 2.5-5 cm long; Leaflets, 6-8 pairs, oval to oblong, the largest can reach 6 cm in length and 3.2 cm in width, and the smallest is less than 1 cm in length and width, with sharp apex and slightly unequal base, all sides are white and fluffy, with 6-7 lateral veins on each side, slightly curved apex and petiole about 1-8 in length.

Corymb terminal, posterior, with white or blue-purple flowers; Calyx bell-shaped, about 1 cm in diameter, sparsely outside, 5-lobed, lobes lanceolate, apex long acuminate; Corolla radial, about 2.5-3 cm in diameter, corolla tube hidden in calyx, about 2 mm long, crown brim about 1.5 cm long, lobes 5, triangle, about 5 mm long; Stamens are about 6 mm long, and anthers are 5 times as long as filaments. Ovary ovoid, glabrous, style about 8 mm long, stigma capitate.

3. Fruit morphology

Potato is spherical, smooth, brown or purple-brown, with a diameter of about 1.5 cm. Seeds kidney-shaped, yellow. Flowering in summer.

References:

/baike.baidu.com/item/ potato /4 16928? fr=aladdin# 1 1_2"target="_blank"> Baidu encyclopedia-potato