The proverbs of the autumnal equinox are as follows:

1. White dew comes early and cold dew comes late. The autumnal equinox is the right time to plant wheat.

The meaning of this proverb is that the most suitable time to plant wheat is during the autumnal equinox. White dew and cold dew are the other two solar terms in autumn. During the white dew season, the temperature is still relatively high, and wheat is prone to grow too fast. During the cold dew season, the temperature has begun to drop, and wheat grows slowly and is prone to frost damage. Therefore, planting wheat during the autumnal equinox can make full use of suitable temperature and light conditions to make wheat grow robustly and yield high yields.

2. During the autumnal equinox, the rice turns yellow, so beware of strong winds.

The meaning of this proverb is that during the autumnal equinox, the rice has begun to mature and turn yellow, so you need to pay attention to windy weather. Because rice stalks are relatively fragile, they are easily blown down by strong winds, resulting in reduced yields. Therefore, during the autumnal equinox, farmers need to strengthen field management and harvest rice in time to avoid losses.

3. Plant good wheat in silted soil, and the beans will be stronger next year.

The meaning of this proverb is that planting wheat on fertile land can make wheat grow robustly and produce high yields. Planting legume crops after wheat is harvested can make full use of the nutrients in the soil and make the legume crops grow better. This is because legume crops can grow with rhizobia bacteria in the soil, converting nitrogen in the air into nitrogen nutrients that plants can use, thereby improving soil fertility. Therefore, this proverb emphasizes the importance of proper crop rotation.

Obvious phenological characteristics of the autumnal equinox:

1. Day and night equinox. During the autumnal equinox, the sun shines directly at the equator, and day and night are equal in time all over the world, that is, day and night are equinoxed. After this day, the sun's direct point gradually moves southward, the daytime in the northern hemisphere gradually shortens, and the nighttime gradually lengthens.

2. The temperature gradually drops. As the sun's direct point moves southward, the northern hemisphere receives less and less solar radiation, but the ground loses more heat, and the temperature drops significantly faster. During the autumnal equinox, the average daily temperature in my country's Yangtze River Basin and the vast areas north of it drops below 22°C. The cold air mass in the north has begun to have a certain influence. The rainy season has just ended in most areas. There is a cool breeze, blue sky, sunny wind and clear autumn air.

3. Crops are mature. During the autumnal equinox, many crops are mature or nearly mature, such as rice, corn, cotton, soybeans, etc. Farmers are busy harvesting and drying grain in preparation for the harvest season.