First, select:
Picking time: The day lily picking period starts in late June and ends in early August, which lasts for one and a half months. During the delivery period, the daily delivery time should be before 1 1 am.
Standard picking is early, the buds are not long, the weight is light, the yield is low, the steamed strips are thin and brown, and the quality is poor. The buds are picked late, and the yield is low and the quality is poor after drying. Therefore, the buds suitable for picking are large and full in appearance, loose in texture, cracked in mouth and yellow in color.
Second, hot steaming:
Take care of the picked flowers in time. Firstly, the enzyme was denatured and its activity was inhibited by high temperature cooking. If it is left for too long, the buds will be transformed into nutrients under the action of enzymes at a suitable temperature, which will affect the drying quality. Hot steaming is the key link of day lily drying.
Before steaming, choose raw materials, remove impurities and pick out the flowers that have already opened. Put the selected flowers on the drawer, first boil the water with a torch, then put them in the cage quickly, and then steam them with slow fire for more than ten minutes before coming out.
Generally, the degree of steaming can be controlled around the fifth maturity of buds, and artificial drying can be slightly healthier than natural drying. Huang Liang, the bud that needs to be released, is light yellow, not green. The stacking thickness after coming out of the cage is reduced by 1/3 compared with the stacking of fresh vegetables, and the fingers are slightly soft and tough. When you pick up the middle part of the bud with chopsticks, the two ends bend slightly downward. After steaming, the slightly astringent yellow flowers are quickly picked out and put into containers respectively, and the waste heat is used to make them meet the requirements; If you are still not ripe, you can pick it out and steam it.
After steaming, it can be placed in a ventilated and cool place to cool naturally. If possible, the yellow flowers out of the pot can be air-cooled, air-cooled for about 3-4 hours, and then transferred to air-drying.
Thirdly, drying and dewatering:
Natural dehydration method needs to set up a bracket in an open place, and then put the cooled day lily on a bamboo curtain, foil or drying tray, spread it out evenly and expose it to the sun. In order to make the color of day lily even up and down and accelerate dehydration and drying, you can turn it over with an empty plate.
Pay attention to the weather forecast when you are in the sun, remember to be rain-proof, it is easy to get moldy on cloudy days, and take it back at night. It takes 2-3 sunny days to dry.
Air energy heat pump drying system can complete manual dehydration and drying. Put the baking tray (5 kg/m2) into the drying room at 80℃. Because of the large heat absorption of day lily, the temperature of the drying room will drop to 60-65℃, keep this temperature 10- 12 hours, and then naturally cool to 50℃ until drying. During the drying process, pay attention to dehumidification and keep the humidity below 60%. Dehydrated vegetables will not be brittle when held by hand, but will naturally disperse and be elastic after being released, and will not stick to each other.
Fourth, fumigation:
Dehydrated and dried daylily needs to be fumigated with sulfur to prevent mildew and moth-eaten.
Before sulfur fumigation, it should be selected according to the product quality requirements, and the unqualified flowers should be picked out and sprayed with some water to make them regain moisture. Then put it on the drying tray and then put it on the support of the sulfur fumigation room. First, put the red-hot iron plate or charcoal in the center of the sulfur fumigation room, then sprinkle sulfur powder to make it burn fully and produce smoke, and then seal the doors and windows.
The dosage of sulfur fumigation is day lily 10 kg, burning sulfur 30-40 g, and sulfur fumigation time is 3-5 hours.
Five, daylily back to soft packaging:
Dehydrated, dried and fumigated daylily needs to be packaged and put on the market, otherwise the dried vegetables will go bad easily and affect the quality. Therefore, it needs to be softened in the tank for 2-7 days to keep the water content of the day lily balanced, and then packaged if it is slightly light and not brittle.
Daylily is packed in plastic composite film bags that meet the requirements of food hygiene. After vacuum sealing, it not only prevents oxidation and microbial reproduction, but also prevents heavy pressure from affecting product quality.
Quality of day lily products:
The water content of day lily products is 10- 15%, and the color is light yellow and uniform. No cracks, no stalks, no impurities, no mildew spots and no pests.
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