"Arbor Day" is a festival stipulated by some national laws to publicize forest benefits and mobilize the masses to participate in afforestation.

According to the length of time, it can be divided into Arbor Day, Tree Planting Week or Tree Planting Month, collectively known as Arbor Day. Through this kind of activity, people's feelings of loving forest afforestation are aroused, people's understanding of forest functions is improved, the greening of the country is promoted, and the purposes of loving forest protection, expanding forest resources and improving ecological environment are achieved.

This is a festival to mobilize the whole people to plant trees. China's Arbor Day began in commemoration of the death of Dr. Sun Yat-sen. 1979 On February 23rd, the 6th meeting of the 5th the NPC Standing Committee decided to keep March 12 as China's Arbor Day to encourage people of all ethnic groups to plant trees, green the motherland, improve the environment and benefit future generations.

2. Afforestation related knowledge

Afforestation is a production activity of building or renewing forests and a basic link of cultivating forests. The benefits of afforestation are extremely important for afforestation, returning farmland to forests and ecological reconstruction, and folding and maintaining water and soil are extremely important.

Afforestation can conserve water and soil. In places with low vegetation coverage, a large amount of sediment will flow into the river in rainy season, destroying fields, filling the river bed and blocking the estuary, which is extremely harmful. To curb soil erosion, we must plant trees, because the roots of trees are as big as crowns and can hold the soil as firmly as giant hands.

The water in the trapped soil is continuously absorbed and stored by the roots. According to statistics, an acre of forest stores about 20 tons more water than areas without forests.

Afforestation can greatly improve the ecological environment, reduce losses caused by floods, control soil erosion, prevent sand fixation by wind and sand, and increase soil water storage capacity. Moreover, with the economic forest entering the mature stage, the direct and indirect economic benefits are huge, and it can also provide a large number of labor and employment opportunities to promote the sustainable development of the local economy. Folding trees can resist wind and sand.

Wherever the sandstorm blows, the countryside is buried and the city becomes ruins. In order to resist the attack of sandstorm, it is necessary to build shelterbelts to weaken the wind.

Once the wind meets the shelter forest, the speed will be reduced by 70% ~80%. If many forest belts are arranged in parallel at a certain distance and grass is planted, the sand blown by wind energy will be reduced.

Folding economic construction and afforestation can provide many useful things for human beings. Many fruits and medicinal materials are forest products; Tea, rubber and new carbon are all contributions of trees.

Forests are really useful. According to statistics, an acre of forest can absorb 20,000 to 60,000 kilograms of dust a year, and afforestation can absorb 67 kilograms of carbon dioxide and release 48 kilograms of oxygen every day; It can absorb 4 kilograms of toxic gas sulfur dioxide in a month, and one acre of pine and cypress can secrete 2 kilograms of bactericide for two days and nights, which can kill bacteria such as tuberculosis, typhoid fever, diphtheria and dysentery.

The leaves of an oxygen factory can absorb the carbon dioxide in the sunlight and make the oxygen needed by the human body. It is measured that one hectare of broad-leaved forest absorbs about one ton of carbon dioxide and releases 700 kilograms of oxygen every day.

Therefore, people call green plants "oxygen factories". Disinfection stations of folded bacteria trees such as pine, camphor and elm can secrete fungicides to kill bacteria such as mycobacterium tuberculosis and diphtheria.

The folding natural silencer can also absorb sound waves and reduce noise. In cities and towns with concentrated population, rapid development of transportation and industrial and mining enterprises, noise is more and more harmful to human beings.

According to the data, the noise is below 50 decibels, which has no effect on people. When the noise reaches 70 decibels, it will cause obvious harm to people. If the noise exceeds 90 decibels, people can't work for a long time. In many cities in China, the noise in many environments exceeds 70 decibels. Therefore, noise, as a public hazard, has aroused widespread concern of mankind, and people have taken various measures to reduce noise, and greening and afforestation is a good way to achieve multiple goals.

From scientific experiments, it is known that the trees in the park can reduce the noise by 5-40 decibels, which is 5-25 decibels more than the natural attenuation in the open space at the same distance from the sound source; The car tweeter can reduce the noise 10- 15 decibels when it passes through the 40-meter-wide multi-level forest belt composed of lawns, shrubs and trees, which is more than 4 decibels more than the natural attenuation in the open space. Planting trees on urban streets can also reduce noise by 7- 10 decibels. Practice has proved that planting trees and flowers in urban streets, open spaces, houses and courtyards can reduce noise pollution. Judging from the noise prevention effect of forest trees, the wider and denser the forest belt, the better.

According to scientific research, there must be at least one forest belt with a width of 6m and a height of10m in the city, which has obvious noise reduction effect. Moreover, the forest belt should not be too far away from the sound source, generally between 6- 15 meters. In order to improve the perennial effect of greening and noise reduction, evergreen tree species should be selected as far as possible, mainly trees, and trees, shrubs and flowers should be combined to form a multi-level silent forest belt, which will have better effect.

Folding and editing the afforestation tree species in this paragraph Folding Red Forest Sophora is a deciduous tree of Robinia in Butterfly Family, and its flowers, skins and leaves are widely used. Rapid growth, straight and complete trunk, narrow crown, small and soft stipules, thorns in the first two years, and basically fall off after three years. The leaves are dark green, the color is white and the fragrance is pleasant.

20 15 12 Hongsenhuai passed the improved variety identification organized by Anhui Forest Variety Examination Committee, and it is suggested to be popularized in the whole country. At present, it has been planted in Hunan, Hubei, Shandong, Henan and other provinces and regions in China.

Taxus chinensis var. mairei var. mairei in China is one of the endemic components in subtropical to warm temperate zones in China, which is often distributed in broad-leaved forests. Shade-tolerant trees like warm and humid climate and generally grow in humid places in the hinterland of the foot of the mountain.

It naturally grows in acidic soil rich in humus, such as valleys, streams and gentle slopes below 1000m or 1500m above sea level, and requires that yellow soil, yellow brown soil, neutral soil and calcareous soil with high fertility can also grow. Drought-resistant and barren, not resistant to low-lying water.

Strong adaptability to climate, the annual average temperature 1 1~ 16℃, and the lowest extreme value can reach-1 1℃. Strong germination ability, sprouting twigs are common on the trunk, but the growth is slow.

Less pests and diseases, long service life. Pinus massoniana is a positive tree species, which is not tolerant to shade, likes light and temperature.

Suitable annual average temperature 13~22℃, annual precipitation 800~ 1800mm, and absolute minimum temperature less than-10℃. The root system is developed, the taproot is obvious, and there are rhizosphere bacteria.

The soil requirement is not high, and it likes slightly acidic soil, but it is afraid of waterlogging and not tolerant to saline-alkali. It can grow in gravel soil, sandy soil, clay, thin eroded land on ridges and sunny slopes, and in steep rock cracks. The significance of this section of afforestation is that March 12 is the Arbor Day in China. However, reversing the number 12 is the Arbor Day in some foreign countries.

March 2 1 day is the World Forestry Festival. This festival was put forward by Spain at the Tenerife Island Conference held by the European Agricultural Union in 197 1 and was unanimously adopted by the conference.

In June165438+1October of the same year, FAO officially confirmed it, so many countries designated this day as their own Arbor Day. Some scholars abroad have calculated the ecological value of trees: the cumulative value of a 50-year-old tree is about196,000 USD.

Whether this calculation is accurate or not is obvious from the practical value of trees. One.

What should we primary school students do on Arbor Day?

Understand the knowledge of afforestation and sandstorm prevention, and participate in activities such as planting trees and watering.

Details are as follows:

1, activity preparation:

Pictures of sandstorms, buckets and shovels.

2. Activity process: Know the harm of sandstorm.

Teachers show pictures of sandstorms, and pupils freely discuss their feelings in sandstorms.

Compare the difference between sandstorm and green environment, and say which environment you like and why.

3. Cut into the theme of Arbor Day:

Teachers and students discuss what we should do on Arbor Day. How to care for young trees? Water, fertilize, loosen soil, etc.

4. Let's act together on Arbor Day: The teacher leads the students to outdoor activities and brings tools (buckets, shovels and containers for scooping water).

Teachers organize children to water trees, invite two or three children to scoop water in tree pits in groups, or loosen the soil for trees with small shovels, and ask all students to participate in it and experience the fun of Arbor Day.

4. Green tips

1. Turn off the tap when washing hands and rubbing soap.

Don't wash dishes or wash clothes with running water on. When you see a leaking faucet, you must tighten it quickly.

2. Use secondary water as much as possible. For example, the first time you wash rice or vegetables, you can water the flowers; After washing your face and clothes, water can stay to wipe the floor and flush the toilet.

Take more baths and less baths. Shower is not only more water-saving than bath, but also more sanitary.

3. put a coke bottle in the water tank of the toilet. If your toilet has a large capacity, you can put a large coke bottle full of water in the water tank. The capacity of a coke bottle is 1.25 liters. You can save 1.25 liters of water every time with a small action. 4. Use less detergent. Most detergents are chemical products, which will pollute water sources.

If there is too much greasy food when washing dishes, you can dump the remaining greasy food first, and then wash it with hot noodle soup or hot soap to avoid letting too much oil drain into the waterway. Kitchen utensils with heavy oil pollution can also be cleaned with soda water.

5. Don't leave the TV on standby for a long time. Standby means that it is only remotely turned off, but the power supply is not completely cut off. The standby power consumption of each color TV is about 1.2W/ hour.

6. Cooking with warm water can save electricity by 30%. The inner pot and electric heating plate of the rice cooker should be cleaned in time to make them fully consistent and free of sundries.

Unplug the power plug of the rice cooker immediately after use, which can save electricity and prolong the service life. 7. Strive to become a bus or bicycle family, and use more public transport such as buses, subways and trams, which can not only save gasoline, but also reduce air pollution caused by automobile exhaust emissions and ease traffic jams.

People with private cars try to use unleaded gasoline, because lead will seriously damage people's health and intelligence. 8. Bring your own vegetable basket. When buying food, use less plastic shopping bags. When shopping in the street, take a cloth bag or a vegetable basket.

9. Use less disposable tableware. When eating out, bring your own chopsticks and spoons. Use less fast food boxes, paper cups, paper plates, etc. In particular, use fast chopsticks less once.

Disposable chopsticks were invented by the Japanese. Japan's forest coverage rate is as high as 65%, but their disposable chopsticks are imported. The forest coverage rate of China is less than 14%, but it is a big exporter of disposable chopsticks.

10. Set up three sorting garbage baskets at home. Domestic waste can usually be divided into: 1. Recyclable materials, including waste paper, waste plastics, waste glass, waste metal, etc. 2. Non-recyclable materials, including kitchen residues, such as lime soil, vegetable leaves, skins and cores of melons and fruits; 3. Harmful substances, including batteries and fluorescent tubes. According to these three kinds, you can set up three garbage baskets at home, so that you can produce garbage and repackage it.

5. Tree planting knowledge

Key points of planting trees

In order to ensure the survival of tree planting, forestry and landscape experts have refined the essentials of tree planting and put forward the key to tree planting-"one mat, two lifts, three buries and four treads": one mat is to put some loose soil in the dug tree pit, and when planting trees, the trunk should be lifted to comb the roots, and the soil buried in the tree should be buried three times, and the soil should be trampled firmly every time, at least four times during the period. Tree planting tools

In North China, about mid-March to late April is the best time to plant trees, and it is best to do it on cloudy days and before rain. When planting, after determining the position of the tree pit, the specification of the tree pit can be determined according to the size of the tree root system or soil ball and the soil condition, which should generally be larger than the root system range or soil ball, with the periphery widened by 40- 100 cm and the height deepened by 20-40 cm. The quality of tree pits has a great influence on planting quality and future growth and development. Therefore, we should pay special attention to the fact that the tree pit is cylindrical, draw a circle with the trunk as the center, and dig vertically down along the edge of the circle until it reaches the specified depth. Keep it vertical and uniform in size, and avoid digging it into a cone shape or a basin bottom shape with a big top and a small bottom, otherwise the root system will split, perforate or tilt upward when planting, and the growth of trees will not be affected if it is not stretched. When digging a pit, pay attention to separate the topsoil and subsoil, and backfill according to the corresponding position. If it is solid soil or construction waste soil, it is necessary to increase the diameter of the tree pit and loosen the soil at the bottom of the pit; If the soil quality is not good, it is necessary to screen or completely change the soil; When digging a hole on newly filled soil or pile soil, it should be properly compacted near the tree pit first, and the bottom of the pit should be properly compacted after digging to prevent the tree from collapsing after planting. When planting, one person should straighten the seedlings and the other person should fill in the soil. If the clay cannot be tamped again, it should be tamped again until it is filled. Fill should be even or slightly higher than the original root neck mark 3-5 cm. Water immediately after planting, and water your head for more than one day and night without rain. Water must be poured thoroughly to make the soil absorb enough water, which is helpful for the root system to be closely connected with the soil and ensure survival [1].

Ecological improvement

The nationwide voluntary tree planting campaign has effectively promoted the improvement of the ecological environment in China. Before the start of this campaign 198 1 year, the national forest area17.29 million mu, the standing stock 1026 billion cubic meters, and the forest coverage 12%. After years of unremitting efforts, China's forest area has reached 2.62 billion mu, the standing stock has reached1361800 million cubic meters, and the forest coverage rate has increased to 185438+0%. With the world's forest resources decreasing day by day, China has achieved sustained growth of forest resources. The improvement of forest vegetation not only beautifies the homeland, reduces the harm of soil erosion and sandstorm to farmland, but also effectively improves the carbon storage capacity of forest ecosystem.

6. Tree planting knowledge

In addition to paying attention to the season, there are several issues that need to be paid attention to:

First, intensive cultivation: Although the ecological habits of trees are different from those of crops, the requirement for soil is still intensive cultivation. In particular, the land allocated for afforestation is often not cultivated land, and it needs to be thoroughly ploughed, with a depth of 40 to 50 cm, to loosen the soil and increase the capacity of water storage and moisture conservation. Be careful in soil preparation, or the tree will not take root and affect its survival. According to the requirements of furrow planting, a horizontal furrow is formed, which is convenient for irrigation and beautiful at the same time.

Second, the choice of tree species: we should take into account the color, shape and charm of the branches and leaves of trees, and coordinate with the surrounding environment to beautify them. We should not only consider the special functions of trees in anti-pollution, anti-virus and air purification, but also consider whether tree species can adapt to soil properties, such as elm and pine with poor soil, poplar and paulownia with thick soil layer, Elaeagnus angustifolia and elm in saline-alkali land. When planting trees, be careful not to hurt the roots, and the seedlings must be strong and free from pests and diseases.

3. Planting trees: The diameter of the pit should be one-third wider than the root of the sapling, and the digging depth should exceed one-third of the length, and the cinder, lime and other sundries in the pit should be removed to facilitate the rooting and growth of trees. The spacing between trees depends on the use of trees, such as the shelterbelt is 2m * 2m, the small-diameter timber is 1m * 1m or 2m * 2m, and the large-diameter timber is 4m * 4m or 6m * 6m or even 8m * 8m. The row spacing between plants must be straight and symmetrical, and the plants should not be skewed. Be careful when planting, and raise seedlings while filling the soil, so that the roots can stretch without distortion. After filling the soil, you must step on it layer by layer with your feet.

Fourth, conservation management: the conservation management of trees is very important. Immediately after planting, water it three times and thoroughly, and make up the water that is not enough. Pay attention to the cultivation of root soil after watering, and often weed and loosen the soil. If there is intercropping, it is necessary to ensure the survival of trees. When fertilizing, when digging a pit, base fertilizer should be applied at the bottom of the pit. After planting, manure or chemical fertilizer (about 250 grams per plant) can be applied, and fertilization should be applied in ditches or nests to promote its growth. Maintenance management should be contracted by sections and managed by individuals to ensure the survival rate and the vigorous growth of trees.

7. What do you know about planting trees?

A water-saving tree planting method belongs to the technical field of seedling raising, and is mainly characterized in that the tree planting process is completed in the following order: a, water is first injected into a container 2 and sealed; B) When planting trees, first bury the sealed container filled with water into the dug tree planting pit 3, and firmly expose the upper end of the container; C, puncturing the upper end of the container and inserting the lateral roots of the planted seedlings 1; D, burying the saplings with soil by a conventional tree planting method; The tree planting method of the invention is simple to operate, and is suitable for the popularization and use of afforestation in large-scale arid areas; The invention has the advantages of wide material selection, low manufacturing cost and labor and water saving. By adopting the tree planting method of the invention, the survival rate of saplings can be ensured even without watering after planting trees.

* * * Project:

A water-saving tree planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: a, filling water into a container (2) and sealing; B, when planting trees, firstly, burying a sealed container filled with water into the dug tree planting pit (3) and exposing the upper end of the container; C, puncturing the upper end of the container and inserting the lateral roots of the planted seedlings (1); D, burying the saplings with soil by a conventional tree planting method.