1. Little scientific knowledge about the earth

1. Earth science refers to all sciences that study the earth, mainly including geology, geography, and other derivative disciplines.

2. Various disciplines usually study the earth from the perspectives of physics, geography, geology, meteorology, mathematics, chemistry, and biology. It is closely related to human life. The gold jewelry and diamonds that people wear on their hands all come from the earth’s mineral resources; the sand, stone, and cement used to build houses also come from the earth; most of the fish and shrimp they eat are made from From the ocean; changes in temperature have a huge impact on life; the movement of celestial bodies also affects us all the time.

3. Therefore, earth science is a very basic and important subject.

4. The scope of earth science is very broad, covering fields such as geology, oceanography, meteorology and astronomy. Geology explores the history and composition of the Earth's various parts, including its evolution and the distribution of various minerals, rocks and minerals; Oceanography studies the movement of seawater, the physical and chemical properties of seawater and seafloor topography; Meteorology analyzes the atmosphere The composition, structure and movement of the earth; the origin of the earth, the formation of the solar system, the movement and changes of celestial bodies, and even the evolution of the universe are all within the scope of astronomy.

5. Take the impact of meteorites on the earth as an example: The impact of high temperature and high pressure on the earth will inevitably cause changes in terrain and geology; dust particles flying in the atmosphere will block sunlight, causing the temperature of the atmosphere and seawater to drop. Therefore, seemingly simple astronomical events have caused changes in geology, meteorology and oceans, showing that all fields are closely related and interlocked.

2. Popular science knowledge about the Earth

The Earth is the third planet from the inside to the outside of the solar system. It is also the terrestrial planet with the largest diameter, mass and density in the solar system. The equatorial radius is 6378.2 kilometers, ranking fifth among the planets in the solar system. The Earth has an atmosphere and a magnetic field. 71% of its surface is covered by water and the rest is land. It is a blue planet.

The earth is the home of millions of species of living things, including humans. It is also the only celestial body in the universe that humans currently know to have life. The earth is 4.5 billion years old. There is a natural satellite, the moon, which rotates around the earth in a 27.32-day period. The earth rotates from west to east, rotates in a nearly 24-hour period and orbits the sun in a one-year period.

There are core, mantle, and shell structures inside the earth, and there are hydrosphere, atmosphere, and magnetic field outside the earth. The Earth is currently the only celestial body known to contain life, and is home to millions of species of creatures, including humans.

Extended information:

During the evolution of the earth, some astronomical and geological events occurred, and the time period of the events is called geological period.

In various geological periods, major events that occurred in the earth-related universe, the solar system, and the earth were reflected in the earth itself, crustal movement, strata, rocks, structures, paleontology, paleomagnetism, glaciers, and ancient Records have been left in many aspects such as climate. In different geological periods, the geological processes are different and the characteristics are different.

The temperature on the earth's surface is affected by solar radiation. The global average surface temperature is about 15°C. Deep underground where there is no sunlight, the temperature is mainly affected by geothermal heat and increases with depth. The core temperature at the center of the Earth is as high as over 6000°C, which is higher than the surface temperature of the sun's photosphere (5778K, 5500°C).

Except for the surface morphology, the Earth's lithosphere cannot be directly observed. It is mainly composed of the Earth's crust and the top of the upper mantle in the mantle sphere. It extends from the surface of the solid Earth downward through the first discontinuity (Moho surface) shown by seismic waves at nearly 33 kilometers, all the way to the asthenosphere until.

The thickness of the lithosphere is not uniform, with an average thickness of about 100 kilometers. Because the lithosphere and its surface morphology are closely related to modern geophysics and geodynamics, the lithosphere is the most studied, detailed, and thorough part of the solid earth in modern earth science.

Since the ocean floor occupies as much as 2/3 of the total area of ??the earth's surface, and the ocean basin accounts for about 45% of the total area of ????the seafloor, its average water depth is 4000~5000 meters, a large number of submarine volcanoes are developed. Distributed in ocean basins, surrounded by vast undersea hills.

Therefore, the main surface morphology of the entire solid Earth can be considered to be composed of ocean basins and continental platforms. The study of them constitutes "global tectonics" that is directly related to lithospheric structure and geodynamics. "theory.

Sogou Encyclopedia - Earth

3. Popular science knowledge about the Earth

The Earth is the third planet in the solar system from the inside to the outside, and is also the largest planet in the solar system. , the Earth-like planet with the highest mass and density.

The equatorial radius is 6378.2 kilometers, ranking fifth among the planets in the solar system. The Earth has an atmosphere and a magnetic field. 71% of its surface is covered by water and the rest is land. It is a blue planet.

The earth is the home of millions of species of living things, including humans. It is also the only celestial body in the universe known to humans that has life.

The earth is 4.5 billion years old. There is a natural satellite, the moon, which rotates around the earth in a 27.32-day period. The earth rotates from west to east, rotates in a nearly 24-hour period and orbits the sun in a one-year period.

There are core, mantle, and shell structures inside the earth, and there are hydrosphere, atmosphere, and magnetic field outside the earth. The Earth is currently the only celestial body known to contain life, and is home to millions of species of creatures, including humans.

Extended information: During the evolution of the earth, some astronomical and geological events occurred, and the time period of the events is called geological period. In various geological periods, major events that occurred in the earth-related universe, the solar system, and the earth have left their mark on the earth itself, crustal movements, strata, rocks, structures, paleontology, paleomagnetics, glaciers, paleoclimate, etc. Record.

In different geological periods, the geological processes are different and the characteristics are different. The temperature on the earth's surface is affected by solar radiation. The global average surface temperature is about 15°C.

Deep underground where there is no sunlight, the temperature is mainly affected by geothermal heat and increases with depth. The core temperature at the center of the Earth is as high as over 6000°C, which is higher than the surface temperature of the sun's photosphere (5778K, 5500°C).

Except for the surface morphology, the Earth's lithosphere cannot be directly observed. It is mainly composed of the Earth's crust and the top of the upper mantle in the mantle sphere. It extends from the surface of the solid Earth downward through the first discontinuity (Moho surface) shown by seismic waves at nearly 33 kilometers, all the way to the asthenosphere until.

The thickness of the lithosphere is not uniform, with an average thickness of about 100 kilometers. Because the lithosphere and its surface morphology are closely related to modern geophysics and geodynamics, the lithosphere is the most studied, detailed, and thorough part of the solid earth in modern earth science.

Since the ocean floor occupies as much as 2/3 of the total area of ??the earth's surface, and the ocean basin accounts for about 45% of the total area of ????the seafloor, its average water depth is 4000~5000 meters, a large number of submarine volcanoes are developed. Distributed in ocean basins, surrounded by vast undersea hills. Therefore, the main surface morphology of the entire solid earth can be considered to be composed of ocean basins and continental platforms. The study of them constitutes a "global tectonics" theory that is directly related to lithospheric structure and geodynamics.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Earth.

4. Little knowledge about the earth

The earth is the third planet from the sun, and its distance from the sun is about 150,000,000 kilometers. The earth takes 365.256 days to orbit the sun, and it takes It rotates once every 23.9345 hours. Its diameter is 12,756 kilometers, which is only more than 100 kilometers larger than Venus. Our earth's atmosphere is 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and the remaining 1% is other components. The average of the earth's surface The temperature is 15 degrees Celsius and the average air pressure is 1.013 Pa.

The earth was formed 4.6 billion years ago. About 1.6 billion years ago, the earth had only 9 hours of day and night. It rotated much faster than it does now, with about 800 rotations per year. By 600 million years ago, the length of day and night had lengthened to 20 hours, and the year had shortened to 440 days. The earth was gradually slowing down its rotation, probably mainly due to the tidal gravity of the moon. It is generally believed that the formation of the earth originated from the sun Nebula differentiation. Over the past 46 billion years, the earth has evolved from a homogeneous sphere to the current "circle" structure. The average thickness of the earth's crust is 17 kilometers, and the thickness of the mantle is about 3473 kilometers, accounting for 83.4% of the earth's volume. The temperature of the mantle is 1000 ~3000 degrees Celsius. The thickness of the earth's core is about 3473 kilometers, accounting for 16.3% of the earth's volume. The material is in a liquid state. The temperature of the core is as high as over 6000 degrees Celsius, which is about the same as the surface temperature of the sun.

5. Earth science knowledge 50 Words left and right

Earth Day themes over the years: 1974: There is only one Earth; 1975: Human habitation; 1976: Water: an important source of life; 1977: Focus on ozone layer destruction, water loss, soil degradation, and deforestation; 1978: No damage. Development 1979 For children and the future - development without destruction 1980 New decade, new challenges - development without destruction 1981 Protection of groundwater and human food chain; prevention of toxic chemical pollution 1982 Commemoration of the Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment 10th Anniversary - Raising environmental awareness 1983 Managing and disposing of hazardous waste; preventing acid rain damage and improving energy efficiency 1984 Desertification 1985 Youth, Population, Environment 1986 Environment and Peace 1987 Environment and Habitat 1988 Protecting the Environment, Sustainability Development, Public Participation 1989 Alert, Global Warming! 1990 Children and the Environment 1991 Climate Change—The Need for Global Cooperation 1992 There is Only One Earth—Care Together, Share Together 1993 Poverty and the Environment—Escape from the Vicious Cycle 1994 One Earth, One Family 1995 People of All Countries United to create a better world 1996 Our Earth, Our Places, Our Homes 1997 For Life on Earth 1998 For Life on Earth - Save Our Oceans 1999 Saving the Earth is Saving the Future 2000 2000 Environment Millennium - Take action! 2001 All things in the world, the web of life 2002 Make the earth full of life 2003 Be kind to the earth, protect the environment 2004 Be kind to the earth, develop scientifically 2005 Be kind to the earth - develop scientifically, build harmony 2006 Be kind to the earth - cherish resources, sustain development 2007: Be kind to the earth - start by saving resources 2008: "Be kind to the earth - start from the little things around you" 2009: "Green Generation" 2010: Green development of low-carbon economy.