If hypertriglyceridemia is found, first of all, we should pay attention to lifestyle intervention, pay attention to a low-fat diet, eat less animal oil, animal offal, beef, mutton, fried and barbecued foods, eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, do more exercise, exercise at least five days a week for 40 minutes to 1 hour, control your weight, keep your body mass index below 24, and quit smoking, especially alcohol. Triglycerides are an important part of blood lipids, which are mainly divided into two categories: triglycerides and cholesterol, and cholesterol can also be divided into high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density, very low density and so on. Triglycerides are influenced by diet, and some people have defects in triglyceride metabolism; Generally, if it exceeds 1.7mmol/L, it belongs to hypertriglyceridemia, and patients with obesity, diabetes, type 2 diabetes and fatty liver are prone to hyperlipidemia. Because triglycerides are greatly influenced by diet, triglycerides can also be significantly improved if unhealthy lifestyles are changed. The clinical measures to reduce triglycerides are as follows: 1. First, patients are advised to shut up and try to choose high-calorie and low-fat foods, such as vegetables and fruits. If patients eat too much meat and fried foods, triglycerides will increase; 2. Secondly, patients are advised to take their legs. Many patients with hypertriglyceridemia are overweight. By controlling their weight through proper exercise, the triglycerides of many patients will be effectively improved; 3. If lifestyle intervention such as diet control and exercise cannot be effectively relieved, lipid-lowering drugs can be used clinically, but the premise of applying lipid-lowering drugs is that the patient's liver function is normal. What is good for lowering blood fat? What to drink?
Food:
Onion, fungus, wax gourd, tomato, corn stigma, vinegar soaked peanuts, vinegar soaked soybeans, hawthorn, apples, etc.
Drink:
Liuwei Flavone Tea, Ninghong Health Tea, etc.
Used:
Sports shoes, sports equipment, insist on brisk walking for more than 3000 meters every day.
Motto:
Adjust diet, light and little salt, avoid greasy dishes, pay attention to diet, add health care, lose weight properly and strengthen exercise. Let go of your legs and keep your mouth shut.
Medication:
It is good medicine to control your legs and mouth. It is better to prevent disease than to see a doctor, and everything is based on prevention. In particular, people with a family history of hypertension should pay more attention to the use of diet therapy in their daily lives.
Blood lipid health knowledge raiders:
1, what is blood lipid? The fatty substances in blood are collectively referred to as blood lipids. Lipids in plasma include cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids and non-free fatty acids, which are bound to different protein in blood and exist in the form of "lipoprotein". Most cholesterol is synthesized by the human body itself, and a small part is obtained from diet. Triglycerides, on the contrary, are mostly obtained from diet, and a small part is synthesized by the human body itself.
2. What is hyperlipidemia? Hyperlipidemia refers to high cholesterol (TC) and/or triglyceride (TG) or low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), which is called dyslipidemia in modern medicine.
3. The harm of hyperlipidemia? Blood lipid is an important substance in the human body, which has many very important functions, but it cannot exceed a certain range. If there is too much blood lipid, it is easy to cause "blood thickening" and deposit on the blood vessel wall, and gradually form small plaques (that is, "atherosclerosis" as we often say). These "plaques" increase and enlarge, gradually blocking blood vessels, slowing blood flow, and in severe cases, blood flow is interrupted. If this happens in the heart, it will cause coronary heart disease; When it happens in the brain, there will be a stroke; If the fundus blood vessels are blocked, it will lead to decreased vision and blindness; If it happens in the kidney, it will cause renal arteriosclerosis and renal failure; It occurs in the lower limbs, and there will be limb necrosis and ulceration. In addition, hyperlipidemia can cause hypertension, gallstones, pancreatitis, aggravate hepatitis, lead to male sexual dysfunction, senile dementia and other diseases. The latest research suggests that hyperlipidemia may be related to the onset of cancer.
4. Who is prone to hyperlipidemia? Family history of hyperlipidemia; Obese people; Middle-aged and elderly people; Long-term high-sugar diet; Postmenopausal women; Long-term smokers and alcoholics; People who are used to sitting still; People with irregular life, excitability and nervous spirit; Liver and kidney diseases, diabetes, hypertension and other diseases.
5, no symptoms does not mean that blood lipids are not high. Because the onset of hyperlipidemia is a chronic process, mild hyperlipidemia usually does not have any uncomfortable feeling. If it is severe, symptoms such as dizziness, headache, chest tightness, shortness of breath, palpitation, chest pain, fatigue, mouth tilt, inability to speak, limb numbness, etc. will eventually lead to serious diseases such as coronary heart disease and stroke, and corresponding symptoms will appear.
6. Is your blood lipid high? Total cholesterol (TC) is normal when it is lower than 5.20mmol/L(200mg/dl) and abnormal when it is higher than 5.72mmol/L(200mg/dl). Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is normal when it is lower than 3.12mmol/L (120mg/DL) and abnormal when it is higher than 3.64mmol/L( 140mg/dl); High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is normal when it is higher than 1.04mmol/L(40mg/dl) and abnormal when it is lower than 0.9 1mmol/L(35mg/dl). Triglyceride (TG) is normal when it is lower than1.70mmol/L (150mg/DL) and abnormal when it is higher than1.70mmol/L (150mg/DL).
7. Three magic weapons for regulating blood lipids: regulating diet structure, improving lifestyle and drug treatment. (1) Principles of regulating diet structure: limit the intake of foods rich in fat and cholesterol; Choose low-fat food (vegetable oil, yogurt); Increase vitamins and fiber (fruits, vegetables, bread and cereals) (2) The daily dietary structure of normal elderly people: one egg and one banana; A bowl of milk (not necessarily with sugar, but also with yogurt and milk powder); 500 grams of fruits and vegetables (multiple varieties can be selected); 100g of clean meat, including fish, poultry, livestock and other meats (calculated by edible parts); 50g of bean products (including tofu, yuba, thousands of pieces, bean cakes and all kinds of bean processed products, such as bean paste, bean paste and boiled whole beans); About 500 grams of grain (including rice, flour, miscellaneous grains, roots and sugar); Drink soup every day, one bowl for each meal. (3) Foods that can reduce blood fat: garlic (eat sweet and sour garlic 1~2 on an empty stomach in the morning), ginger, eggplant, hawthorn, persimmon, auricularia auricula, milk, etc. (4) Examples of diet for hyperlipidemia patients: breakfast, 200ml of soybean milk, 50g of steamed cake, cooked soybean10g; Chinese food, steamed bread with standard flour and corn flour100g, rice porridge 50g, lean pork 20g, fried green pepper100g, fried beans100g; For dinner, rice150g, Chinese cabbage100g, boiled tofu 50g, vermicelli10g, carp 20g and shredded potatoes100g. All-day cooking oil12g. (5) improve lifestyle a. lose weight: obesity is excess fat and an external sign of atherosclerosis. B. Quitting smoking: Nicotine and carbon monoxide in tobacco cause and aggravate the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. C. controlling alcohol: drinking less alcohol is beneficial to the human body, and drinking more alcohol is harmful. Wine is high in calories, and drinking more will aggravate obesity. D. aerobic exercise.
8. Appropriate amount of exercise for the elderly Whether the amount of exercise is appropriate is calculated by the heart rate, and the heart rate is kept at (220- age) ×(60%-85%). The sport suitable for that elderly include Tai Chi, Qigong, jogging, fast walk, slow cycling, swimming, mountain climb, aerobics for the elderly, gateball, badminton, walking backwards and so on. The best time to exercise in a day: at 5 am, the amount of exercise should not be too large, and should be kept light to medium intensity; 10 in the morning is the best exercise opportunity in a day, and 16~ 17 in the afternoon is the most suitable exercise time to lose weight; 0.5~ 1 hour before dinner, at this time, walking (or brisk walking) and doing some health gymnastics are beneficial to the treatment of diabetes. At the same time, we should pay attention to mental health and maintain an optimistic and open-minded attitude towards life.
9. Drug therapy, protecting the heart and protecting the brain At the beginning of the nineties, the international medical community conducted a large-scale study on lipid-lowering therapy, and the results were encouraging: taking lipid-lowering drugs for a long time not only reduced blood lipids, but also significantly reduced the incidence, disability and mortality of coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction and stroke. In short, the most fundamental purpose of lipid-lowering therapy is to prevent and delay the occurrence of coronary heart disease, stroke and other diseases. At present, doctors and patients all over the world attach great importance to lipid-lowering therapy, and their concepts have fundamentally changed. Therefore, some people say that the era of lipid regulation has arrived!
10, how to choose the ideal lipid-lowering drugs? When the blood lipid can not be reduced to the ideal level through reasonable adjustment of diet structure, change of bad living habits and strengthening physical exercise, drug treatment must be started. At present, there are many drugs for adjusting blood lipid, which are mainly divided into the following three categories: (1) statins, mainly for lowering cholesterol, such as Shujiangzhi and Pragu; (2) Bates: mainly reducing triglycerides, such as Nuoheng and Lipitor; (3) Natural drugs, such as Longtai Jiangzhining, are effective in lowering cholesterol and triglycerides, and can increase high-density lipoprotein, which has the effect of comprehensively regulating blood lipid and has little side effects. Because the increase of blood lipid is a slow process, the regulation of blood lipid, especially the elimination of the adverse effects of blood lipid, also needs a continuous process. Therefore, patients should choose lipid-lowering drugs with obvious lipid-lowering effect and little toxic and side effects according to their own different situations.
1 1, it is very important to check blood lipids: because there are still many people who don't know enough about the dangers of hyperlipidemia, and hyperlipidemia itself has no symptoms, many people inadvertently find that blood lipids are high. In order to prevent it before it happens, when you have the following situations, such as family history of hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension, xanthoma of skin or coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, kidney disease, middle-aged and elderly women, postmenopausal women, and long-term high-sugar diet, please check your blood lipids as soon as possible. Ordinary people: check blood lipids every 2 years; People over 40 years old: check their blood lipids 1 time every year; High-risk groups and patients with hyperlipidemia: follow the doctor's guidance and regularly check blood lipids.
12, blood lipids and coronary heart disease: despite statistics, the mortality rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases has exceeded 1/2 of the total population mortality rate. Coronary heart disease is also called coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Coronary artery is an artery that supplies blood to the heart. Because of excessive fat deposition, it causes arteriosclerosis, blocks blood flow, causes heart ischemia, and produces a series of symptoms, namely coronary heart disease. Risk factors of coronary heart disease: hyperlipidemia, smoking, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, lack of physical activity, excessive mental stress, family history of coronary heart disease, oral contraceptives, etc. Among them, hyperlipidemia is one of the important risk factors of coronary heart disease. Regulating blood lipid is the most basic therapy to prevent and treat coronary heart disease: when the serum total cholesterol level drops 1%, the incidence of coronary heart disease drops by 2%. As long as you have coronary heart disease, no matter whether your blood lipid is high or not, you should take lipid-regulating drugs for a long time. Because long-term lipid-lowering therapy can reduce the incidence and mortality of angina pectoris and myocardial infarction.
13, the relationship between blood lipids and cerebral infarction: when the cholesterol in the blood increases, it is easy to form atherosclerotic plaques, which accumulate in the arterial wall, narrowing the arterial cavity, blocking the blood from flowing into the corresponding parts, and causing kinetic energy deficiency. It occurs in cerebral vessels and causes cerebral infarction. Medicine has proved that long-term lipid-regulating therapy can not only treat cerebral infarction, but also prevent it. Lipid-regulating therapy and stroke: There are many reasons for stroke, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, drinking, obesity, old age, diabetes, blood diseases, etc. Among them, hyperlipidemia and cerebral atherosclerosis are one of the important risk factors for cerebral infarction. Many studies have proved that long-term lipid-lowering therapy can significantly reduce the incidence and disability rate of stroke, so clinicians pay more and more attention to the treatment of hyperlipidemia.