It is everyone's dream for Dr. Xu Kaohsiung Rong's chief physician group to live a long and healthy life, but after all, it is impossible to live forever. Can humans live to 1 year? Francois Suva, a French scholar, once put forward a theory that the life span of a healthy animal is about five to six times that of its growth. For example, the growth and development period of a puppy is about 2 years, so the life span of a dog is about 5 ~ 12 years. The growth period of human beings is about 20 ~ 25 years, so the life span of healthy people is about 100 ~ 150 years. Studies on human cell division show that human fetal cells will completely stop dividing after 50 times in vitro. However, the average interval of human cell division is about 2.5 years; From this calculation, the life expectancy of human beings should be 125 years old. Therefore, if we keep healthy, the life span of human beings can reach 120 years or more. However, how to eat to keep healthy and prolong life? An animal study published in the internationally renowned journal Science shows that the survival rate of monkeys who have been full for seven minutes for a long time is 37% after 30 years, while the survival rate of monkeys who have been full every day without dieting is only 13%. At the same time, monkeys who eat enough every day age faster, their skin looks rougher and their hair falls off more. This study shows that diet restriction is indeed a panacea to prolong life and prevent aging. Therefore, it is reasonable for ancient Taoist priests to advocate not eating in the afternoon. There is also a saying in Japan with a large longevity population: "If you eat eight points full, you will not get sick, and if you eat twelve points full, you will not be satisfied." . Japanese health expert Kenji Ishihara also stressed that "fasting" is a panacea for health. In fact, modern people will have many civilized diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, stroke and so on. These are all related to overeating and overnutrition. It is everyone's dream for Dr. Xu Kaohsiung Rong's chief physician group to live a long and healthy life, but after all, it is impossible to live forever. Can humans live to 1 year? Francois Suva, a French scholar, once put forward a theory that the life span of a healthy animal is about five to six times that of its growth. For example, the growth and development period of a puppy is about 2 years, so the life span of a dog is about 5 ~ 12 years. The growth period of human beings is about 20 ~ 25 years, so the life span of healthy people is about 100 ~ 150 years. Studies on human cell division show that human fetal cells will completely stop dividing after 50 times in vitro. However, the average interval of human cell division is about 2.5 years; From this calculation, the life expectancy of human beings should be 125 years old. Therefore, if we keep healthy, the life span of human beings can reach 120 years or more. However, how to eat to keep healthy and prolong life? An animal study published in the internationally renowned journal Science shows that the survival rate of monkeys who have been full for seven minutes for a long time is 37% after 30 years, while the survival rate of monkeys who have been full every day without dieting is only 13%. At the same time, monkeys who eat enough every day age faster, their skin looks rougher and their hair falls off more. This study shows that diet restriction is indeed a panacea to prolong life and prevent aging. Therefore, it is reasonable for ancient Taoist priests to advocate not eating in the afternoon. There is also a saying in Japan with a large longevity population: "If you eat eight points full, you won't get sick, and if you eat twelve points full, you won't get enough. "..." And Japanese health expert Kenji Ishihara also stressed that "fasting" is a panacea for health. In fact, modern people will have many civilized diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, stroke and so on. These are all related to overeating and overnutrition. What kind of magical power can an empty stomach produce? Many people are probably experienced and want to sleep when they are full; This is because the gastrointestinal tract is responsible for digestion and absorption after eating, so the blood will be concentrated in the gastrointestinal tract to provide more energy and oxygen for the working gastrointestinal tract. In contrast, the blood supply of other important organs such as the brain will be less, making people sleepy. When you are hungry, your stomach secretes a hormone called auxin. This kind of melanin can reach the hypothalamus of the human brain with the blood, which can promote appetite. A study by Professor horvath of Yale University in the United States shows that when the auxin in the blood increases, the blood supply in the hippocampus of the brain will increase, which is helpful to human thinking ability. Therefore, an empty stomach may make people think more clearly. Auxin can also promote the pituitary gland to secrete growth hormone, making people more energetic and younger. A study from Italy found that there is a longevity molecule (CREB 1) in the brain, which will affect the memory, learning, anxiety control, longevity and other operational functions in the brain. When the mice in the experiment are restricted by diet (only eating 70% food a day), they can activate the brain to produce long-lived molecules and prolong their life. Therefore, eating seven points full can activate longevity molecules in the brain and make people younger. However, when I say "food restriction", I don't want you to be hungry all the time, not to eat breakfast or fast food, but to eat until you are seven points full. Basically, I am against fasting therapy, because it will deprive us of the basic energy that we should supplement, which may lead to malnutrition, decreased immunity and other serious consequences. In daily life, we should supplement the energy needed for basic metabolism every day. The so-called basal metabolism refers to the heat consumed by the body in order to maintain life and cell metabolism at rest. The energy required by ordinary adults to maintain basic metabolism and daily life is about weight (kg) ×30 calories. For example, an adult weighing 50 kilograms needs about 1500 calories a day. We consume one gram of fat to produce 9 calories, one gram of protein to produce 4 calories, and one gram of sugar to produce 4 calories. Ordinary people don't have to calculate how many calories they eat every meal every day. But remember, healthy adults only need to eat half a bowl of rice every meal, and at the same time, they only need to eat until they are not hungry (seven points full), not full, and even serve as a kitchen waste bucket to remove leftovers from the table. In addition, when eating food, we should pay attention to keeping the proportion of animal food at about one tenth, and eat more fruits and vegetables. Dietitians' tips on low-calorie diet 1. Less oil and less salt: cooking methods should be changed to steaming, roasting, boiling, scalding and stewing. Avoid fried and salty food. Don't mix the soup when eating, so as to avoid excessive oil in the soup and excessive calorie intake, and excessive salt and edema. 2. Do not drink sugary drinks, and replace them with tea and boiled water. 3. Eat more fruits and vegetables: Intake all kinds of fruits and vegetables, provide the fiber and vitamins needed by the body, and help protect the internal environment. 4. Chew more: chew slowly when eating, and you will eat more if you eat fast. Chewing slowly can give the brain enough time to feel full and avoid overeating. 5. Change the order of eating, drink water first, and then eat low-calorie and high-fiber food. If you eat vegetables, starch and meat first, then eat them last. 6. Reduce calories: Reduce calories by 65,438+000 calories, which is equivalent to eating one third less bowl of rice, or replacing fried ribs with braised ribs, or drinking a bottle of Yakult. Reducing calories by 200 calories is equivalent to eating half a sun cake, or a pineapple cake, or drinking a 500ml all-sugar hand-cranked drink. Reducing 300 calories is equivalent to eating a pineapple bread or drinking a 700 ml all-sugar hand-cranked drink. 7. Replace desserts and snacks with low-calorie ingredients: Low-calorie foods are actually around you, such as cauliflower, watercress, konjac, Aiyu, Xiancao, glutinous rice balls, and vegetables such as mushrooms, auricularia auricula, tremella, kelp and laver. They are all good low-calorie ingredients to satisfy hunger. Nutritionist's low-calorie recipe cold cucumber: cut cucumber into sections, pat gently, add appropriate amount of salt and marinate for about 10 ~ 15 minutes until it is out of the pot. Drain the pickled cucumber and mix in the minced garlic and seasoning. Cucumber can be replaced by kelp, cucumber, pickles, etc. , and made into a variety of low-calorie cold dishes. Halogen-colored radish: mushrooms are cut obliquely; Sliced ginger; Cut the red and white radish into pieces for later use. Saute ginger and mushrooms, add seasoning, add a little water, add red and white radish, submerge the ingredients with water, and marinate for 10 ~ 20 minutes. Low-calorie ingredients such as kelp, wax gourd and konjac can be added. Lemon Ai Yu: Wash Ai Yu with hot water first, and then cut it into cubes. Cut lemon in half, take its juice, add Ai Yu and boiled water, and add sugar substitute when eating. Boiled water can be replaced by sugar-free black tea, green tea, green tea and oolong tea. Ai Yu can be replaced by unsweetened Cao Xian, mountain powder source, tremella, frozen watercress, etc. This article is excerpted from the book Eating Illness: A Critical Analysis of Illness from Mouth to Mouth published by Xu (Director of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Department of Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital), Xu Huiya (currently a nutritionist of Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital) and Liang Jingyu/Shang Zhou.