Since the discovery of acid rain in North America and Western Europe in 1950s, the influence of acid rain has been expanding. The victim of acid rain was the first to push the lake. Acid rain increased the acidity of the lake. The extremely acidified lake looks clear, pure and lovely at first glance, but when you look closely, there are neither fish nor duckweed, and it is as silent as a "grave in the water". It is reported that acid rain has killed fish in more than 40,000 lakes in Norway and Sweden. There are 2 17 lakes in Adironda Mountains in new york, USA, which used to be rich in salmon and bass, and now they have become "dead lakes" without fish. Acid rain will also degrade forests and increase soil acidity. There are reports of forest damage in Germany, Czech Republic and Poland, and some scholars worry that "it seems that the achievements of forest management for hundreds of years will be wasted in the next few years, and forests are rapidly disappearing in Central Europe." In areas where acid rain exists, crops such as cotton, wheat and peas have been greatly reduced. In China, the harm of acid rain is becoming more and more serious. Chongqing, which is regarded as one of the three major acid rains in the world, has an annual economic loss of 500-600 million yuan. Masson pine in chongqing nanshan Scenic Area died in pieces, pine needles and leaf tips withered and fell off, and the forest dead area has reached more than 800 hectares. Under the erosion of acid rain, the steel beams of Jialing River Bridge in Chongqing have to be derusted and painted once a year. The annual maintenance cost is much higher than that of Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, and its length is only 1/4 of that of Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge. The wires in Chongqing urban area are replaced once every 10 year on average; Chongqing TV Tower was rusty and mottled only three years after it was built. The potential impact of acid rain on human body and species' survival and the destruction of scenic spots is incalculable.

The main pollutant forming acid rain is SO2, followed by NO2. Acid rain acidifies soil, rivers and lakes, leading to the death of aquatic and hygrophytic plants, threatening the survival of aquatic animals (such as fish, shrimp and shellfish) and destroying the food chain in aquatic ecosystems. It can also directly harm the leaves and buds of terrestrial plants and kill crops and trees.