The King of Fruits - Durian

Chinese name of species: Durian

Latin name of species: DuriozibethinusMurr.

Chinese name of family: Kapok Family

Family Latin name: Bombacaceae

Genus Chinese name: Durio

Genus Latin name: Durio

Domestic distribution: Guangdong and Hainan Cultivation

Overseas distribution: Originated in Indonesia

Pharmaceutical name: Durian

Pinyin: LIULIAN

Source: Durian, a plant of the Kapok family Whole grass.

Effects: Nourishing yin and strengthening, dispersing wind and clearing away heat, choleretic, reducing jaundice, killing insects and relieving itching.

Indications: It can be used for diseases such as deficiency of essence and blood, premature graying of beard and hair, and aging. It can be used for diseases such as wind and heat. It can be used to treat jaundice. It can be used to treat scabies and skin itching.

Meridian distribution of nature and flavor: pungent, sweet, cold. Enters the liver, kidney, and lung meridians.

Usage and dosage: Oral administration: 6 to 9 grams, decoction. External use: boil in water for washing or bathing.

Alias: Liulian (Taiwan)

Distribution of animal and plant resources: native to Malaya, Taiwan, Guangdong, and Yunnan, with a small amount of introduced cultivation.

Latin name: Original plant Durio Zibethinusmurr

Critical research: First recorded in "Xinhua Compendium of Materia Medica".

Chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine: Fruit aroma components include hydrogen sulfide, ethylhydrodisulfide, several dialkyl polysulfides (di-alkylpolysulfido), ethyl acetate, 1,1- Diethoxyethane (1,1-diethoxyethane) and ethyl-2-methylbutanonate (ethyl-2-methylbutanonate). The fatty acid components of fruits (including peel, pulp and seeds) are: palmitic acid, arachidic acid (arachidicacid), and palmitinoic acid.

Durian is the most famous in Thailand and is known as the "King of Fruits". It has a strong smell, and those who love it praise its fragrance, while those who hate it complain about its smell. Therefore, it is not allowed to be brought into hotels, trains, airplanes and public places. Thai people particularly love durian and are often attracted by its unique fragrance. There are popular Thai proverbs such as "Dian sarong, buy durian, durian is red, suitcase is empty" and "Become a wife, eat durian", which illustrates the extent to which Thai people love durian. Chinese writer Yu Dafu wrote in "Travels to Nanyang" that "durian has a stench like a mixture of stinky cheese and onions, and a fragrance similar to turpentine. It is really smelly, fragrant and delicious." However, those who have never eaten durian only need to do it for the first time. After you boldly try the first bite, the sweet and refreshing taste will make you want to eat more and more. Many tourists will have endless aftertaste after tasting the delicious taste of durian, and even become addicted. Therefore, Thai durian is now sold to all over the world every year, especially to countries or regions such as Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, Europe and the United States, and now also to China.

Durian is oval in shape, generally weighing about two kilograms. The outside is a woody hard shell, and the inside is divided into cells. Each cell has three or four seeds the size of an egg yolk, and the number of seeds in each cell is ten to fifteen. There is a layer of ointment on the outside of the seeds, which is the pulp, which is milky yellow. The taste is sweet and fragrant. The rare varieties of durian are worth three to four hundred baht each, and ordinary varieties cost about one hundred baht. The advantages and disadvantages of durian can be understood from the epidermis. Those with thick and sparse cone-shaped spines are generally well-developed, with many fruit kernels and thick and delicate flesh; if the spines are thin and dense, the fruit has thin kernels and thick flesh. Durian has high nutritional value. In addition to high sugar content, it contains 11% starch, 13% sugar, 3% protein, and a variety of vitamins, fats, calcium, iron and phosphorus. Durian is a hot fruit, so it is forbidden to drink alcohol within nine hours after eating durian. Durian is full of treasures. The core can be boiled or roasted. It tastes like a half-cooked sweet potato. The water in which durian is boiled can treat sensitive skin sores and itches. Durian shells and other chemicals can be used to synthesize soap and are also used as medicine for skin diseases. Durian is a plant in the family Asteraceae and is the tallest fruit tree in the tropics, with a trunk of 25 to 40 meters high. One tree can produce eighty durians per year. Durian matures in ten days after being picked from the tree. There are 200 varieties of durian in Thailand, and 60 to 80 varieties are currently commonly cultivated. Among them, there are three most famous ones: light species include Yiluan, Jiao Luntong, Chun Fu Shi, Jin Zhen and Chani, which bear fruit after four or five years; medium-sized varieties, such as Longshank and Gu, bear fruit in six to eight years; heavy species There are Gambang and Ina, which bear fruit in eight years.

They bear fruit once a year, and the maturity time differs by one or two months.

Among them, the most familiar ones are (1) "Golden Pillow", (Mengtong), which is currently the most popular one. It has rich and sweet flesh, golden yellow flesh, and often has a petal in it. It is relatively large and is called the "main meat". Because the smell is not too strong, it is very suitable for first-timers to "get started" with this smelly and fragrant fruit. Nowadays, golden pillows can be eaten all year round, but the price varies with the season. The price is the cheapest in the peak season, and it is also the most delicious time; (2) "Chani", which is famous for its small leaves, more meat and core. Small ones are more popular, and the price is cheaper than Golden Pillow, and the flesh is preferably dark yellow; (3) Long handle: This kind of durian is named because its handle is longer than other varieties. This variety has a long and round handle, and the whole The durian is also mainly round, with round flesh and core, green skin, many and dense thorns, large core, little flesh but delicate and strong flavor; (4) Guye Tao: The meat is particularly delicate, It is as sweet as dense and has a small core. It is welcomed by "foodies" and is the most expensive type of durian. The origin of durian in Thailand is vast, from Nonthaburi in the central part to Rayong in Dongbu. The durian from Prachinburi once won the championship. Durians from southern Thailand are inferior to those from the central and eastern parts of Thailand, with large cores and small flesh. However, due to their late maturity, after the peak season of other durians, they are considered "rare but valuable".

Purchasing durian is also a kind of knowledge. Whether a durian is delicious or not is not only related to the variety, origin, climate, fertilization and picking time, but also timely cutting and eating is extremely important. Because the durian is cut open before it is ripe, the durian meat is hard and bland and tastes like chewing wax, so it will not be delicious. So when buying, you might as well ask the vendors. They will tap the durian with a small bamboo stick and listen to the sound to identify the ripeness. At the same time, you can smell it to determine whether it can be cut open, or you can choose it at a fruit stall or supermarket. Peel off the skin and sell only the meat, so you can use the naked eye and finger pressure to see and feel whether it is ripe. At the same time, if a person wants one durian at a time and cannot eat it, it is also a good idea to buy part of it at a time.

There are two theories about the origin of durian in Thailand. One is that it is native to Malaysia and was introduced to Thailand during the Ayutthaya Dynasty. Durian is called "Tu Liang" in Malay, and it is still called this way in Thai, and it is translated as "Durian" in Chinese. Another theory is that it was introduced from Thawai, Malik and Danausi in Myanmar. There are also two legends about this. One is that when the Siamese army attacked Burma in 1787 AD, they intended to capture his arms, but they could not conquer it. During the siege. Due to transportation difficulties and a lack of food and grass in the army, the general had to order the soldiers to look for wild fruits to satisfy their hunger. The soldiers found a huge and prickly fruit called durian in the forest. When they managed to cut it open, it was surprisingly sweet and delicious. Later, when they returned to Bangkok, many officers and soldiers took the durian cores back with them and planted them around their houses. It is said that in the Bangkok area, durian trees that were between 100 and 150 years old often grew in the courtyards of the descendants of officers and soldiers who had been to Myanmar. Due to two major floods in 1871 and 1942, these trees were destroyed. The durian trees died. The second is that it was introduced to southern Thailand by merchant ships traveling between Thailand and Myanmar, and later spread from Surat Thani to Bangkok and other places.

≮Efficacy≯

Durian is rich in protein and lipids, which has a good nourishing effect on the body and is a good source of fruit nutrition.

Durian has a special smell, and different people feel it differently. Some people think it smells like cat feces, while others think it has a fragrant aroma. The smell of durian has the effect of appetizing and promoting appetite, and the dietary fiber in it can also promote intestinal peristalsis.

≮Applicable people≯

Generally healthy people can consume it.

Women can use it to nourish their bodies after illness and postpartum.

≮Applicable dosage≯

No more than 100 grams per day.

≮Special Tips≯

Do not store durians that naturally crack after maturity for too long; if you smell a smell of alcohol, they must have gone bad and do not buy them.

Because durian tastes thicker and tends to accumulate in the intestines, drinking more boiled water can aid digestion.

≮Healthy Traffic Light≯

Although durian is good, you should not eat too much at one time. Because of its rich nutrients, your stomach will get angry if it cannot be fully absorbed. If you eat more, you can eat a few mangosteens. Only the Fruit Queen can conquer the Fruit King.

Although durian is rich in fiber, it will absorb water and swell in the intestines and stomach. Excessive consumption will block the intestines and cause constipation.

Durian contains high calories and sugar, so obese people should eat less, and people with diabetes should not eat it.

It also contains high potassium, so people with kidney disease and heart disease should eat less.

≮Main nutrients≯

Vitamin (mg) A (microgram) B1 B2 B6 B12 (microgram) C D (microgram) E

6 0.33 0.2 0.25 - 31 - 2.3

Biotin (microgram) K (microgram) P (microgram) Carotene Folic acid (microgram) Pantothenic acid Niacin Mineral element (mg) Calcium

24 - - - 150 0.22 1.4 5

Iron, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, copper, magnesium and zinc (micrograms) Selenium (micrograms)

0.3 36 510 35 0.19 27 0.27 1.18

What does durian have? good? Those who appreciate it love its unique charm, but those who hate it will avoid it even if they smell it from afar. In fact, when it comes to nutrition, this king of fruits can be said to be the most comprehensive. However, it is hot and stagnant in nature, so it may not be suitable for everyone to eat. Cancer patients or those who have recovered must be even more careful to avoid worsening of their condition due to greed for temporary pleasure.

But from a medical analysis, no matter how weak the body is, people with cancer always have some heat and poison. In the same way, those suffering from skin diseases or yin deficiency and liver heat should also stop eating durian to avoid troubles.

The luckiest person can be regarded as a person who loves to eat durian and has a weak constitution. Because durian is hot in nature, it can aphrodisiac and help fire. If you have postpartum deficiency and cold. May wish to use this as a supplement. However, during the same period of confinement, some people suffer from sweating and weakness in their limbs, while others suffer from excessive fire, flushed face and dry mouth and cannot sleep. If it is the latter, it is better to eat cherries (cherries) instead.

If you accidentally eat too much durian, resulting in hot phlegm trapped in the body, difficulty breathing, flushed face, and stomach bloating, you should eat a few mangosteens immediately to resolve it, because mangosteen is a very cold thing and can restrain the heat of durian. .

After ten years of research, experts from Thailand’s Ministry of Agriculture successfully developed durian without a special odor in 2007, and named this durian “Chanthaburi No. 1”. (Note: Chanthaburi is the main durian producing area in Thailand.)

How to eat durian

It is best to buy durians that are seven to eight years old and do not taste too bad. , it is easier for beginners to eat; if you eat too much, it will cause heat replenishment and cause nosebleeds. It is best to boil the shell in light salt water and take it, which can reduce fire and relieve stagnation; use the durian skin to relieve stagnation; use the meat inside the durian skin to boil chicken soup and drink it , can be used as a nourishing soup for women, which can remove stomach cold.

Durian is a very unique fruit. It is respected as the king of fruits and its price is not cheap. However, all restaurants, hotels and tour buses do not allow guests to bring in durian. In the past, durians could be packaged and checked as luggage by air, but now they are banned, which shows that durians are special. Mainly because of its taste, people who like to eat it think it is the most delicious thing in the world, while people who don't like it think it smells bad.

Our domestic durians are probably imported from Southeast Asia. The best variety, "Golden Pillow," has a yellow-green shell and milky-yellow flesh, and is produced in Thailand. I originally thought that such a big guy with a hard shell and hard nails would be difficult to deal with. In fact, there are many cracks in its shell. You can open it with a light pry with a knife, revealing the chubby milky-yellow flesh. It is embedded in the shell and can be easily picked off one by one by hand. If there are no cracks, just lift it up and knock it lightly on the ground to get cracks.

Durian is a great supplement, and Cantonese people say: "One durian and three chickens." "Cihai" and "Compendium of Materia Medica" both say that it "can be used for medicinal purposes, with a sweet and warm taste, non-toxic, and is mainly used to treat diarrhea and cold air in the heart and soul." When you cook durian soup, it can be dissolved into the soup to make the soup milky white. Fragrant and sweet. Local people use it to replenish their health after illness and postpartum. Although durian is rich in nutrients and has the effects of strengthening the spleen, replenishing qi, tonifying kidneys and strengthening yang, it is not suitable for everyone. It should not be eaten when you have a cold. Patients with high blood pressure and diabetes should not eat it, let alone eat it at the same time as alcohol. A few days ago, a diabetic patient in Thailand died after eating four durians in a row. Therefore, the Thai Ministry of Health advises the public not to eat more than two durian petals a day. He is the king of fruits, and mangosteen is the second fruit.

After eating durian, your hands will smell bad. What should you do? It is said that it can be removed by washing it with water in the durian shell