Diet and Health With the improvement of people's living standards in China, people pay more attention to diet. Simply eating enough is not our only purpose. How to eat delicious health has become a topic of our concern. Scientific diet is very particular. According to the concept of modern medicine, the scientific diet method in daily life should have: breakfast should be early: after a night's sleep, the human body is empty of stomach and intestines, and the spirit can only be refreshed in the morning, so breakfast should be early. Chew slowly: this will not only help saliva secretion and digestion, but also reduce the burden on the stomach. Appropriate warmth: As the saying goes: "One heat and three solutions", warm food tastes good. Chinese medicine believes that the stomach likes to hate cold, and cold is easy to hurt the spleen and stomach. Eating cold food and fruits should be moderate, which should be beneficial to the digestion and absorption of the stomach; Otherwise, it will cause abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea and other diseases. Should be less: in the daily diet, eat less and taste more, avoid overeating, and be good at eating. Should be soft: hard food is difficult to digest, especially for the elderly and the weak stomach. Cooking meals three times a day should be cooked well. Appropriate light: Chinese medicine believes that eating more salty will hurt the bones; Eating more spicy food will hurt the liver and pulse; Eating more acid hurts the spleen and muscles; Eating too much sweet hurts the kidney. Therefore, it is of great benefit to control diet and eat more light flavor. Yisu: Modern medical research shows that eating vegetables and bean products often is good for health and not easy to get fat; Eating vegetarian food often has anti-cancer and anticancer effects. Appropriate sitting: Dietary health care experts pointed out that it is unsanitary to eat while walking; Eating while squatting is not conducive to digestion. Therefore, sitting and eating is very beneficial to your health. Yijing: When dining, you should taste delicious food quietly; And laughing and eating, it is easy to cough; Eating in tears or eating in anger is bad for your health. Eating habits have a great influence on human health, and good eating habits are an important measure to ensure health. (l) Reasonable allocation of three meals a day The allocation of food intake should be adapted to the physiological conditions and work needs. The best distribution ratio should be 3: 4: 3. If you eat 1 Jin of grain a day, it is more appropriate to eat 3 Liang each in the morning and evening and 4 Liang at noon. (2) protein, calcium, phosphorus and fat-soluble vitamins are better than vegetarian food when meat and vegetarian food are matched properly; The unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins and cellulose in vegetarian diet are better than those in meat. Therefore, it is beneficial to health to properly match vegetarian food with vegetarian food and learn from each other's strengths. (3) Not picky eaters and partial eaters are supplied by various foods, and no natural food can contain all the nutrients needed by the human body. Eat only one kind of food; No matter how much you eat and how rich your nutrition is, you can't maintain your health. Therefore, in the diet, you should not be picky eaters or partial eclipse for a long time. (4) Don't overeat As the saying goes: "If you want to be healthy, you can't eat enough", which is reasonable. Overeating can not only destroy the digestion and absorption function of gastrointestinal tract, but also cause acute gastroenteritis, acute gastric dilatation and acute pancreatitis. Moreover, due to the rise of diaphragm, it can affect heart activity, and can also induce heart disease, etc. If the rescue is not timely, it will be life-threatening. Therefore, don't eat and drink and overeat at at any time. In a year, due to the different climate of the four seasons, there are different characteristics such as spring temperature, summer heat, summer dampness, autumn cool and dry and winter cold, and people's physiology and pathology will also be affected by this climate change. Therefore, whether in health or in the process of disease, we should pay attention to the choice of food should be adapted to the climate. In spring, the sun is the spirit, and people's energy is also easy to work hard. It seems that there is only a foreign minister's potential without hidden work, and it is prone to heat infectious diseases. Therefore, the diet in spring should be light, and it is not advisable to overeat greasy and fried things. Some fruits such as pears, oranges and sugarcane should be selected as supplements. Always eat mung bean soup and mung bean sprouts, and take them light and sweet, so as not to accumulate heat. The summer climate is hot, everything is flashy, the body heat is not easy to spread outside, and there is the possibility of heatstroke, so the diet should be sweet and cold, light and eat more fresh vegetables. When summer heat is combined with dampness, sweating is easy, which makes people often gluttony raw and cold things, and overeating hurts the spleen and stomach. Therefore, in the hot summer season, it is forbidden to eat too much cold, not to eat too much greasy and thick flavor. The diet should be dampness-promoting, summer-clearing and less oily products. Watermelon, wax gourd, mung bean soup, sour plum and rock sugar decoction are often chosen to replace tea, so as to get the functions of clearing heat, relieving summer-heat, diuresis, nourishing yin and benefiting qi. Cold bitter vegetables can prevent enteritis; Seaweed cold salad is more suitable for the elderly, which can eliminate phlegm and dampness, increase zinc and iodine, and prevent cancer. In addition, you can often eat mung bean porridge, lotus leaf porridge and mint porridge. In the midsummer season, people with yin deficiency at ordinary times, even those who often take ginseng and velvet isothermal supplements, should also reduce and stop taking them. In autumn, the climate turns from hot to cold, and there are signs of dryness everywhere. The human body also has a sense of dryness, such as dry nose, dry mouth, dry skin and even dry cough. At this time, the diet should not be too light, but should be moderately greasy, and often drink tremella soup, pear juice and other juices, especially pear juice. Usually drink it after lunch or after a nap to nourish the lung and yin. In winter, the water and ice are frozen and everything is hidden. At this time, we should go to the cold and warm up. Eat more meat, eggs, dates, kernels and so on. In the cold season, the blood flow is slow, the blood becomes sticky, and the disease resistance declines, so drinking less wine and drinking some aconite mutton soup is beneficial to the body. Patients with hypertension can often take some hawthorn water in winter. Reasonable cooking is the key to improve appetite and ensure that nutrition is not destroyed. So what is the correct and reasonable cooking method? (l) When cooking rice, the staple food should be washed lightly, not too many times, and not rubbed hard to reduce the loss of vitamins and inorganic salts. For rice that has been stored for too long, it is necessary to wash it several times. The water absorption of rice is the largest after soaking for two hours, so it is better to soak rice for two hours before cooking. Cooking rice after soaking can not only save 40% time, but also save vitamin B in rice. It only lost 35%. It is best to use Jiong rice or steamed rice with water. If you cook rice, you should also drink rice soup. Cooking, porridge, beans, cooking, are not suitable for alkali, because alkali is easy to accelerate vitamin C and vitamin B; The destruction of. (2) Cooking vegetables Choose fresh vegetables, which contain more vitamins and inorganic salts. If vegetables are stored for too long, they will lose a lot of nutrients. Vegetables should be washed first and then cut, and cut now before cooking, which can reduce the loss of vitamins. Generally, it should not be too broken when cutting vegetables. If it can be broken by hand, use less knives as far as possible, because iron will accelerate the oxidation of vitamin C. When cooking, stir-fry quickly, avoid stewing for a long time, and cover the lid to prevent the vitamins dissolved in water from running away with the steam. When cooking, you should add as little water as possible. When cooking, you should boil the water first, and then put the vegetables. When stewing, add salt to the oil to raise the temperature, or add some vinegar appropriately, which can not only flavor, but also protect vitamin C from loss. When cooking meat dishes, adding a little starch properly can protect the protein in the meat from becoming too hard, which is delicious and easy to digest. When cooking, try not to use steel pots or copper shovels. Because copper can accelerate the oxidation of vitamin C, the loss of vitamin C is the least when cooked in aluminum pot. It is also very important for people to have a reasonable diet in different periods of growth. Children are an important period of long body and long knowledge. During this period, their growth and development are vigorous, and their height and weight increase rapidly. In order to make children develop healthily, we should not only pay attention to nutritional requirements, but also cultivate good eating habits. Children's nutritional requirements: Children are active and active, and their muscle system develops rapidly, so they need more heat energy and protein. In protein, lysine is more important for growth and development. It is necessary to supply sufficient calcium and phosphorus, and at the same time, it is also necessary to ensure the intake of vitamins C, D, B 1 and B2 and the supply of iron, iodine, zinc, magnesium and other elements. Adolescence is the golden age of growing body and knowledge in life. During this period, all parts and organs of the whole body gradually developed and matured. In order to make teenagers grow up healthily, we should pay attention to the following special requirements in our diet: (l) Teenagers with heat energy have a fast growth and a large amount of activities, so they need more heat energy, with an average of about 2,800 calories a day. (2) Teenagers in protein need more protein than adults, and the quality is higher than that of adults. They need about 80-90g of protein every day. Teenagers should eat more animal protein, such as eggs, milk, lean meat and animal liver. In addition, animal protein should also be distributed among three meals, not concentrated in one meal to avoid increasing the burden on the gastrointestinal tract. (3) Vitamins are indispensable substances in human growth and development, especially for teenagers. If you lack vitamins for a long time, it will affect your growth and development, and even lead to vitamin deficiency. If vitamin A is deficient, you will suffer from night blindness and dry eye; Vitamin b; Lack, will suffer from neuritis, beriberi; Vitamin B2 deficiency. Will suffer from angular stomatitis and glossitis; Vitamin c deficiency will lead to scurvy; Vitamin D deficiency will affect its bone development. To this end, teenagers had better eat 500 grams of fresh vegetables every day. (4) Inorganic salt teenagers need to have enough elements such as calcium, phosphorus, iron and iodine. Calcium and phosphorus are the main materials that make up bones and teeth. Without calcium and phosphorus, teenagers will have obstacles in bone development, and in severe cases, they may suffer from rickets. Iron is an important component of red blood cells. With the growth of the body, teenagers gradually increase their blood volume and need more iron. If they lack iron, they are prone to anemia. Iodine is an important component of thyroxine, which can promote metabolism and neuroskeletal development. Teenagers will be short stature and mentally retarded if they eat insufficient iodine. When people reach old age, due to the decline of digestive organs, the functions of digestion and absorption are gradually weakened, and teeth fall off, which makes chewing more difficult. Therefore, we should pay attention to the following matters: (1) Don't eat too much: the elderly have little activity and poor digestive function. Eating too much will not only increase the burden on the gastrointestinal tract, cause indigestion, but also cause obesity, cause hypertension and arteriosclerosis, and increase the burden on the heart. Therefore, proper diet is especially important for the elderly. (2) Don't eat too much: The amount of salt for the elderly should not exceed10g per day. Too much salt will increase the burden on the kidneys, causing edema, and sodium salt storage will also increase blood pressure and increase the incidence of hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease and cerebral hemorrhage. (3) Don't eat too much sugar and fat: Old people exercise less. Eating too much sugar will not only cause or aggravate diabetes, but also turn sugar into fat in the body to make people fat. The pancreatic function of the elderly is low, and eating too much fat is easy to cause indigestion. The cholesterol content in animal fat is high, which will cause arteriosclerosis and liver damage. (4) Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits: Vegetables and fruits contain a lot of vitamins, cellulose and inorganic salts. Cellulose and pectin can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis and secretion of digestive juice, and prevent feces from staying in the intestine, which has a certain effect on preventing constipation, intestinal tumors and arteriosclerosis. Vitamins have the functions of fitness, anti-aging and cancer prevention. (5) Adjust the diet reasonably: the diet of the elderly should be diversified, not partial eclipse, and it is not appropriate to eat very dry and hot food. It is advisable to eat more digestible mashed vegetables, soups, fruit juices and foods containing more calcium, phosphorus and iron. On the basis of ensuring the nutritional requirements, it is light. (6) Eat less and eat more: The elderly have poor tolerance to hypoglycemia and are susceptible to hunger and dizziness, so it is easy to eat less and eat more. You can eat seven minutes full every meal, and eat a small amount of food, such as milk and cakes, as appropriate before going to bed or between meals. Having talked so much about diet and health, I think these are all things we should know. With the development of science, we should know the important role of healthy diet in life. Let's all pay attention to our diet. Only when people are healthy, our nation will flourish, our country will be rich and strong, and tomorrow will be better and better.