Gutter oil, garbage flowing quietly in city sewers. Some collectors process it and turn it into "edible oil" on the table. They fish out a large amount of dark, turbid, slightly red paste from there every day. After just one night of filtration, heating, precipitation, and separation, these stinking garbage can be turned into clear "edible oil", and finally through Selling at low prices and returning to people's dining tables. The main component of this three-no product called "gutter oil" is still triglyceride, but it contains many more disease-causing and carcinogenic toxic substances than real edible oil. When people mention "gutter oil", their first reaction is that "gutter oil" is a kind of non-edible oil with extremely poor quality and extremely unhygienic. As people think, once "gutter oil" is consumed, it will destroy people's white blood cells and digestive tract mucosa, causing food poisoning and even cancer. Therefore, "gutter oil" is strictly prohibited from being used in the field of edible oil. However, there are indeed some unscrupulous traders who are motivated by profit and regardless of the safety of the people, privately produce and process "gutter oil" and sell it as edible oil to some small restaurants at low prices, causing great harm to people's physical and mental health. Therefore, the name "gutter oil" has become synonymous with various types of inferior oil that cause physical harm to people's lives. Research results of academicians: "Many people hope that there will be no food additives. In fact, there would be no modern food without food additives." Sun Baoguo explained that food safety is impossible without food additives. Take edible oil as an example. In the past, if you ate oil, it would go bad in the second year, but you still had to eat it. But now, due to the addition of antioxidants, the shelf life of edible oil can be longer. In addition, soy sauce and vinegar have preservatives, so they won’t go bad if left for a long time. "If preservatives are not added, the harm will be even greater if people eat spoiled food!" Some experts said that so far, none of the food safety incidents that have had adverse effects in China are caused by food additives. Sun Baoguo believes that food additives are the "scapegoats" in many food safety incidents. Sun Baoguo believes that "people" problems such as weak supervision and weak corporate self-discipline have led to frequent food safety accidents. In fact, "'Clenbuterol' is also used to raise pigs in the United States, but it has not caused any major incidents. Because they are intensively raised, if they know that the pigs will be sold in a few weeks, they will not feed 'Clenbuterol' "Clenbuterol" has been excreted when sold."

Edit this paragraph for specific classification

Gutter oil (actually a general concept, is what people use in life. A general term for various types of inferior oil. Gutter oil can be divided into three categories: First, gutter oil in a narrow sense, which is simply processed and extracted from greasy floating objects in sewers or leftovers from hotels and restaurants (commonly known as swill). The second is the oil produced after the processing and refining of inferior pork, pig offal, and pig skin. The third is after the oil used for fried food has been used for more than a certain number of times and then some new oil is added to it. Reused oil. When law enforcement officers inspect, they use edible oil rancidity test paper to compare whether the peroxide value and acid value of the oil tested exceed the standards. Once they exceed the standards, they can determine that it is a problem oil.

Edit this. Five major flow directions

1. Restaurants → collectors → restaurants, restaurants (buy at low prices) → customer tables 2. Production of mineral processing collectors (new technology) 3. Breeding farms (feed for livestock) 4 . Chemical plants (producing chemical products) 5. Factories and school cafeterias

Edit this paragraph for reasonable application

Gutter oil can produce biodiesel. "Gutter oil" flowing back to the dining table is an annoying thing. The best solution to a troublesome matter is to recycle and turn waste into treasure. How to "turn waste into treasure"? Fujian Zhuo Zhuo New Energy Development Co., Ltd. has found a new way. They use self-developed technology and The equipment successfully extracted biodiesel from waste animal and vegetable oils, and was the first to achieve industrialization in China. Gutter oil picture

According to experts, after the gutter oil is added to the reaction tank, it passes through a slightly acidic catalyst. Technology allows alcoholysis and esterification to be carried out simultaneously, and the reaction speed is also significantly accelerated. In addition, through a metal salt treatment agent, the two key problems of using waste animal and vegetable oils to produce diesel with high residual acid value are solved. Technology can reduce the production cost of biodiesel, allowing biodiesel to move from the laboratory into the production workshop. The biggest feature of this fuel is that it has good environmental protection. The exhaust gas emitted by diesel vehicles does not contain sulfur dioxide, and Hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide are also significantly reduced.

In the process of studying the topic of producing biodiesel from gutter oil, technicians found that how to extract waste grease from grease trap garbage was a difficulty that hindered the development of the topic. After studying the characteristics of gutter oil, technicians developed a green grease trap garbage treatment device with zero energy consumption and zero pollution under the guidance of fuzzy mathematics and biochemistry. Use "gutter oil" to prepare mineral processing agents. Professor Wang Huajun of the Department of Environmental Engineering of the University of Science and Technology Beijing and others have successfully developed a comprehensive utilization technology of "gutter oil" to prepare mineral processing agents. This technology can use "gutter oil" to produce fatty acids and fatty acid sodium for mineral processing. , almost no secondary pollution will be produced. The University of Science and Technology Beijing has carried out research on using fatty acids decomposed from "gutter oil" as mineral processing collectors in 2009, and has achieved satisfactory test results. At present, this technology has begun to be applied in some steel companies and is applying for national patents. According to reports, fatty acids are commonly used mineral processing collectors in iron ore, fluorite ore, apatite ore, etc. The general dosage is 0.5 kilograms per ton of ore. According to rough estimates, the national ore flotation demand for fatty acid collectors is 500,000 to 800,000 tons per year. Traditionally, fatty acids are mainly prepared through chemical synthesis. However, with the increase in costs in recent years, the use of waste to prepare fatty acids has attracted increasing attention. At present, in the research on using waste raw materials to prepare mineral fatty acid collectors, the raw materials used mainly include oil scraps or intermediate products discarded in the production process of refining vegetable oil and acidified oil, while "gutter oil" is used to prepare fatty acid collectors. It is still rare to see the dose. Since "gutter oil" mainly comes from waste grease from catering, and its main component is fatty acid glycerides, if it can be used to prepare fatty acid collectors, it can achieve the dual effects of pollution reduction and comprehensive utilization. Relevant experts believe that further research, promotion and application of this technology will be of great significance in avoiding environmental pollution, reducing mineral processing costs, and reducing food safety threats. New technology for producing ethanol and biogas from "gutter oil" After barrels of swill are sorted and separated, part of it becomes the raw material for biodiesel, and the other part continues to be fermented into fuel ethanol and biogas, and the remaining waste residue is converted into fertilizer. This is the resource disposal process of kitchen waste witnessed by Hefei Science Island. Through technological integration and innovation, kitchen swill and "gutter oil" that used to be a headache have now been turned into treasure and new energy sources. After years of technical research, researchers from the Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, have successfully mastered the energy disposal technology for producing ethanol and biogas from kitchen waste, and have formed two invention patents. According to reports, this technology turns food waste into four "treasures", namely biodiesel, ethanol, biogas and biofertilizer. The oil in food waste is first separated and refined into biodiesel, and then carbohydrates, proteins and other components are converted into fuel ethanol through enzymatic hydrolysis, anaerobic fermentation and other processes. The ethanol fermentation residue and other organic components are fermented to generate biogas. , turning the biogas residue and biogas slurry into biofertilizer through processing. It is understood that the biggest feature of this technology is that its energy-based ideas are different from the domestic technical route mainly based on feed, which prevents kitchen waste from re-entering the human food chain and causing homogeneous accumulation and causing disease risks. "Gutter oil" turned into aviation oil Starting from September 2011, KLM Royal Dutch Airlines will achieve a new breakthrough. They will process the oil used in cooking to provide fuel for aircraft. "Gutter oil" is turned into aircraft fuel, the cost has soared, but it is more efficient and greener. How is vegetable oil converted into aviation fuel? SkyNRG uses "hydrogenated renewable flight fuel" technology. The vegetable oil is first deoxidized, followed by a series of organic chemical processes. The key step is hydrocracking. Under the continuous pressure of hydrogen, the intermolecular carbon bonds are destroyed to generate smaller hydrocarbons. The product is Unsaturated hydrocarbons, at this time, are already very close to the fuel, and then undergo "isomerization", that is, changing the chemical substance's own composition and structure, and truly becoming the required "renewable flight fuel". But in Dirk's view, the biggest obstacle in the process of turning "gutter oil" into treasure is not the technical threshold, but the very high legal threshold. The EU has very high requirements for biofuels. Not just any raw material can be used as fuel for commercial use. According to KLM President Kamil Erlings, as early as 2009, one of KLM's Boeing 747 aircraft had used 50% biofuel in the engine, proving that it is technically feasible to fly with biokerosene.

But it was not until this year that the "hydrogenated renewable flight fuel" technology was certified by the International Standards Organization, allowing its use in commercial flights. Passing the "legal threshold" directly contributed to KLM's decision. On June 22, KLM announced that starting from September, it will use "gutter oil" fuel on 200 Amsterdam-Paris routes to form a "green flight channel." According to a statement from KLM, airlines can use "gutter oil" fuel without making any changes to aircraft engines.

Edit this paragraph’s testing standards

[1] At present, there is no unified standard for testing gutter oil in China. In the current national mandatory standard "Hygienic Standards for Edible Vegetable Oils" (2716-2005), the physical and chemical indicators of edible oils include acid value, peroxide value, solvent residues in leached oil, free phenol (cottonseed oil), total arsenic, and lead. , aflatoxin, benzopyrene, pesticide residue *** 9 indicators, respectively, different standard testing of vegetable crude oil and vegetable edible oil. However, vegetable crude oil and vegetable edible oil are not gutter oil. As for the nine basic edible oil testing indicators in the standard, even the oil refined from gutter oil may be qualified, and it is impossible to carry out differential testing for gutter oil. [1] The Ministry of Health stated that in accordance with the unified deployment of the Food Safety Office of the State Council, the Ministry of Health organized the Ministry of Science and Technology, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, the Food and Drug Administration, the Grain Administration, and the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention to conduct joint research We have formulated a "gutter oil" inspection method demonstration plan, and established an inspection method demonstration expert group including authoritative experts and relevant institutions in the fields of oil processing, food safety, hygiene inspection, chemical analysis and other fields to conduct inspections on inspection methods developed by relevant technical institutions. Make scientific arguments.