There are many reasons for sputum in the throat, and the more common reason is inflammatory reaction, such as chronic pharyngitis, chronic laryngitis and chronic tonsillitis. Some patients are also caused by frequent smoking and drinking to stimulate the mucous membrane of the throat, and may also be caused by frequent excessive use of the voice or eating spicy and irritating food. There are individual differences in the specific causes of the disease. After the disease, it is recommended to go to the otolaryngology department for treatment, and routine blood tests and laryngoscopy can be done, which will help to judge the condition, make a clear diagnosis, and then make targeted treatment. In the process of medication, it is recommended to check in the outpatient department regularly to observe the therapeutic effect.

First, bronchial problems;

① Chronic bronchitis, mostly manifested as mucus and phlegm.

The occurrence of chronic bronchitis is related to long-term smoking, long-term inhalation of some harmful gases, low resistance and bacterial virus infection. The patient's sputum is generally white and gray mucinous sputum, or mucinous foam sputum, which is aggravated in the morning and lighter during the day, but paroxysmal cough or expectoration can also occur during sleep. If the cough is severe, it will lead to the rupture of respiratory mucosa capillaries, which may cause a small amount of hemoptysis, leading to a certain bloodshot sputum.

② Bronchiectasis, yellow-green purulent sputum. When inflammation stimulates bronchi repeatedly, it is easy to destroy the structure of bronchial tube wall, which leads to bronchiectasis. At this time, although the lumen of the bronchus becomes larger, the bronchial wall becomes thicker and the elasticity becomes worse, and the sputum can easily gather in the dilated bronchus and cannot be discharged from the body smoothly, resulting in a lot of sputum. At first, the patient may be mainly white sputum. If there are some infections, there will be yellow sputum, yellow pus sputum and yellow-green pus sputum.

Second, chronic pharyngitis. Chronic pharyngitis is a chronic inflammation of the mucous membrane and lymphatic tissue of the throat, which will cause congestion and edema of the mucous membrane of the throat, resulting in increased secretion and sputum. When people with chronic pharyngitis wake up in the morning, they excrete more phlegm. Some people also have nausea and retching when brushing their teeth, foreign body sensation in their throats, and inability to cough up phlegm.

Third, rhinitis. Rhinitis is not only prone to runny nose and sneezing, but also sometimes feels that there is phlegm in the throat that cannot be coughed up. There are bacteria, moisture and particles in the air. When the nasal cavity inhales air, these substances are transported to the nasopharynx after passing through the nasal cavity, so as to maintain the physiological functions of sinus and nasal cavity. In people with rhinitis, due to the decreased function of nasal mucosa, the ability of cilia to swing normally is limited, which makes the secretion of nasal cavity increase and flow back to pharynx, resulting in excessive phlegm.

Fourth, lung problems;

① Pneumonia with abnormal sputum color. The lungs infected by different pathogens may cause inflammation and lead to pneumonia. At this time, the patient is likely to show frequent cough and stimulate the respiratory tract to secrete more sputum. Generally speaking, the color of sputum is different for pneumonia caused by different pathogen infections-for example, the sputum may show rust color after the lungs are infected by Streptococcus pneumoniae; Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection will produce thick sputum, and it will also appear green or yellow-green.

② Lung abscess with excessive phlegm and foul smell. Pulmonary abscess is also a lung lesion caused by pathogen infection in the lung, which manifests as pneumonia in the early stage and abscess gradually appears in the later stage. At the beginning of the disease, the patient will suddenly have high fever, and the body temperature can reach 39-40℃. At this time, bloodshot blood may appear in the sputum, accompanied by slight hemoptysis; With the continuous development of the disease, after more than 1 week, lung abscess is likely to fester, leading to an increase in sputum, and 300-500 ml of sputum can be coughed up every day, and the sputum has the characteristics of pus-like and foul smell.

③ Tuberculosis with bloodshot sputum and low fever. Tuberculosis is an infection of the lungs by mycobacterium tuberculosis. Patients with this disease will cough frequently, which is likely to continuously damage lung tissue and cause abnormal bleeding, thus coughing up a lot of bloody sputum, and patients will be in a state of fever for a long time.

④ Lung cancer with bloody sputum. Expectoration with bloodshot blood may also be a manifestation of lung cancer. After the onset of lung cancer, patients may show dry cough in the early stage, and as the tumor continues to grow, it will also stimulate the abnormal sputum secretion of the human body; If the tumor invades the lung tissue or the blood vessels on the surface of the tumor rupture, the blood flowing out will be discharged from the body together with the sputum, and the patient may cough up phlegm with bloodshot blood and slowly become hemoptysis sputum. At the same time, it will be accompanied by symptoms such as chest pain and shortness of breath.