Guayao is a common traditional Chinese medicine, to improve the yield of guayao, how should it be planted?

Guadeloupe is a cucurbit plant, which can also be referred to as Juniperus communis, Hanging gourd and so on. Its mature fruit is known as whole gua wilt, bitter melon, etc.. The roots, bark and kernel of the plant can be used as medicine, and are effective in treating coughs, constipation, chest congestion and other ailments. Some studies have shown that smallpox pollen, also known as the tuberous roots of Psidium guajava, can effectively enhance the body's immune system, and at the same time, it has a certain therapeutic effect on cancer and other diseases. Therefore, people have gradually increased the research on piper betel planting technology, aimed at improving the yield of piper betel to meet people's needs.

1 Selection of land

Guadeloupe planting for the soil does not have very high requirements, the vast majority of soil can be planted, such as the house vacant land, flowers and trees around can be planted. But because the piper betel root can bury the bottom of the soil 1.0 ~ 1.5m, so when planting to try to pick the soil layer is thick, rich soil, no environmental pollution around and have a certain drainage pipe standard plains. In addition, it can be planted in sunrise farmland where the ambient temperature is always maintained at 15 to 40℃. However, the following areas are not suitable for planting guayule, such as the terrain is cold, the field holding water is rare, and low mountainous areas.

When choosing the planting site of Psidium guajava, it should be integrated with its biological characteristics to select the site. In the first year of planting will be frozen before the need for deep pine, leveling rake fine, and then digging planting ditches. It is important to ensure that the opened soil is thoroughly sun-dried, and then mulched into the planting trench in layers, so that the soil will be thoroughly weathered and rotted over a period of time. Sun soil backfill soil, apply composite fertilizer in the soil and will be used as a base fertilizer, fertilizer after the completion of the topsoil and fertilizer will be mixed until proportional, and finally covered with a thin layer of soil in advance to prepare for planting.

2 planting

Seedling transplantation will generally be in the professional planting ground to make borders, and then to carry out trench planting, the best time for planting for February-March. The seeds of Psidium guajava need to be removed before planting, and then select the fruits with very fine granular material to be stored in warm boiled water to soak, the temperature of the water is maintained at 40-50 ℃ for 24 h. In this part of the process, the aquarium needs to be changed two or three times. After removing them, they are mixed with wet river sand and then placed in a room at 25-30°C for teething, and can be planted when most of the seeds here are found to be cracked.

After sowing the seeds, you need to cover a layer of 3-5cm of soil, and the surface of the bed needs to be covered with a layer of agricultural film, which has the effect of heat insulation and heat preservation when the cold branches come. Usually, the amount of seed used for 667m2 is 0.5~1.0kg. 13~18d will be sprouted, when the seedling's leaves grow to about 30cm high, it can be transplanted. This type of method is easy to planting to do seed, and high efficiency, short duration.

3 standardized planting

Street planting time is generally in March-April, the best planting relative density of 1.5m × 0.5m, 1.3m × 0.5m can also be. The diameter of the hole is 30cm, and the depth is the same as 30cm. after applying the bottom fertilizer, it needs to be mixed with the hole soil, and then fill in a layer of 8-10cm of fine soil, and after carrying out the above series of practical operations, you can plant the seeds or seedlings. Before planting, the seeds should be soaked in warm boiled water for a period of time until they leak white before planting.

The planting of the tuberous roots need to be removed first, the roots will be cut according to the section, each class is 5 to 8cm long, the wound needs to be dipped in a layer of grass ash, and in a ventilated and dry location to dry, until the wound is healed and then planted into the ground, cover a layer of 8 to 10cm thick soil, the hole on the addition of a layer of mulch agricultural mulch film, about 20d will be out of the bud.

4 field management

After planting is carried out, except in winter, hoeing needs to be carried out once in every season. In the growth and development of piper betel, if weeds occur in the field, they need to be pulled out immediately. Before the release of the stems, it is necessary to carry out a shallow turning of the soil, and at the same time to avoid causing damage to the stems. Fertilizer and hoeing should be carried out at the same time, the first year after transplanting needs to increase the base fertilizer, to ensure that the increase should be several times, little. When the relative height of the growth of the stem is higher than 30cm, you can use bamboo poles and other materials to build a shed, the general relative height is about 1.5m.

In the periphery of the plant, every spacing of 2.0m up and down a column, every 2 rows of construction of a cross-frame, the bamboo poles with steel wire to tie, to build out the shed. Insert 1 bamboo pole into the periphery of each stem, tie the top of the bamboo pole and the cross pole of the shed together, and use plastic tape to tie the stem to the bamboo pole to facilitate its release.

When the stems were on the shelf, the stems were pruned, saving only two or three strong stems. The next year again for pruning, to promote the main vine can grow and develop again, has been released throughout the stem more proportional, to avoid problems such as overlap and mutual pressure, while more conducive to ventilation and light penetration.

5 pest control

Guadeloupe is generally unlikely to produce significant pests and diseases, but part of the soil is not suitable for the planting of gua wilt, prone to some pests and diseases, and therefore should be strengthened to prevent pests and diseases. For example, every year from September to March of the next year need to deep pine farmland, so that the soil in the sun sufficient exposure, to achieve the actual effect of sterilization; choose high-quality seeds for planting, to avoid the spread of pathogenic bacteria.

In the rainy season need to drain the problem of drains to carry out a rigorous examination; once found pests and diseases, be sure to take the appropriate countermeasures to disconnect the knot, generally can be in the sick hole to sprinkle a layer of lime powder, to prevent further expansion of the disease. Guayule common pests and diseases have fly, greenfly, etc., need to be drugged to solve, the actual use of drugs need to be in the agricultural technology staff under the guidance of professionalism.

6 Harvesting and processing

Guayabusa two or three years after planting will begin to bear fruit, generally September-October fruit gradually ripe, in the surface of the fruit found in the white powder some yellowing can be picked. Two or three years after planting the roots can be dug out, generally preferred in early November digging. As the root of piper betel is buried deeper into the soil, so the digging needs to be deep digging, digging out the root of the soil will be cleaned at the same time to remove the reeds, scrape off the surface of the coarse skin, cut into flaps can be dried, and then stored in the ventilation and dry place.