1 During the Warring States Period and the Qin and Han Dynasties, iron wares rose, gold and silver ornaments and lacquerware were newly exhibited, the construction industry flourished, and masonry carving flourished. The theme of decorative patterns is more extensive, and there is a huge breakthrough than before. The main decorative patterns are: monster patterns, dragon and phoenix patterns, various animals (deer, horses, cattle, sheep, tigers, geese, fish, etc.) patterns and four gods patterns. "Four Gods" is also called "Four Spirits", which is marked by four animal images: Qinglong, White Tiger, Suzaku and Xuanwu (tortoise and snake). Qinglong is the legendary God of the East, Suzaku is the God of the South, White Tiger is the God of the West and Xuanwu is the God of the North. They mark four directions. It also marks four colors: Qinglong-surface color; Suzaku-red; White tiger-white; Xuanwu-black. In addition, there are an unprecedented variety of figure patterns, especially stone, brick and tile in Han paintings, whose themes directly reflect the scenes of human life, production and war. The brushwork is simple and complicated, and less wins more, which opens up a new way for the decoration of later generations.
2. During the Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, Buddhist art flourished due to social unrest. Patterns are also influenced by religion, and many of the themes and contents of this period are related to Buddhist stories. Commonly used patterns include: honeysuckle (also known as "precious flower", which means it is auspicious to be evergreen all the year round), lotus pattern (alias "hibiscus" and "whipping", which means it emerges from the mud without being stained and "keeps the stem-flower festival", which is a symbol of virtue) and jade bird pattern (jade bird is also a symbol). The image of a "flying fairy" appeared in the figure pattern, expressing a beautiful ideal and human strength.
3. The Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties were in the middle of feudal society, with the increase of foreign cultural exchanges and the unprecedented development of arts and crafts. The splendid decorative patterns on the tri-colored Tang Dynasty, Song porcelain, silk, gold and silver products, etc. also appeared in a colorful situation. The patterns in the Tang Dynasty are rich and full, rich and luxurious. The patterns in Song Dynasty are beautiful and dexterous. Commonly used patterns include: scroll grass pattern, treasure flower (a pattern combining lotus and peony, adopting a perfect idealized composition method), sea pomegranate, Hua Niaowen, canopy pattern, couplet bead pattern, ribbon pattern, figure pattern, etc. There are many lotus flowers and peony flowers. In addition, there are cornus (traditional Chinese medicine) patterns, persimmon stem patterns, geometric patterns and so on. Decorative techniques are realistic, exaggerated and distorted, and idealized ways such as flowers in flowers, flowers in leaves and flowers in fruits are adopted, which are ingenious, vivid and colorful. Tang and Song Dynasties are important historical periods for the development of traditional patterns in China.
4. The patterns at the end of feudal society in Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties retained the national characteristics, absorbed the advantages of foreign crafts, and changed the varieties of colors and decorative styles. Cloisonne was the new technology at that time, porcelain, brocade, brick carving, wood carving and so on also made great progress, and the decorative themes increased a lot. The common animal patterns are lion, peacock, bat, deer, crane, sheep, crane, eagle, golden pheasant and magical unicorn. The theme of flower fruit includes plum blossom, lotus, chrysanthemum, peony, orchid, morning glory, bamboo, pine, ganoderma lucidum, peach, pomegranate, loquat, pear, apricot and grape. The idealized methods of borrowing and combining each other are also more extensive and changeable. Such as birds and flowers, insects and flowers, etc., strengthen the decorative interest. In addition, there are still patterns made up of objects, such as antiques, stones, ceramics, clocks, ding, cups, plates, pots, bowls, bottles, calligraphy and painting, which have an elegant style and are called "Bo Gu patterns". There are also "Eight Auspiciouss" (also known as Buddha's Eight Treasures) composed of eight kinds of Buddhist offerings, "Tao's Eight Treasures" composed of Taoist objects, and so on. Most of the patterns in this period are auspicious patterns, and the application scope has reached an unprecedented level. Daily necessities, clothing, buildings and commodities can be seen everywhere.
5. The origin of Chinese ancient traditional patterns can be roughly divided into three parts. First, it comes from folk crafts: ceramics, embroidery, window grilles, blue calico, batik, paper-cutting, carving, weaving, etc., which are created by the working people according to their own will, and are generally simple, rough and full of local flavor. Secondly, it comes from religious arts, such as religious legends and myths, murals, algae wells, niches, statues and costumes, pedestals, buildings, sculptures and various decorations for vessels in temples and grottoes. The most typical Dunhuang pattern is the essence of traditional Buddhist patterns.
6. It is a unique artistic style created by skilled craftsmen in our country by absorbing foreign cultures. These patterns are rigorous in composition and full of ideals. Thirdly, it comes from furnishings, daily necessities, costumes, jewelry and buildings occupied by feudal emperors, nobles and wealthy merchants ... These handicraft patterns are carefully designed to meet the material life and empty spiritual life of luxury people, and there is no special workshop supervised by special personnel, so the patterns are very fine and the colors are rich and luxurious. In addition to the traditional patterns mentioned above, a considerable number of them are decorative patterns with the theme of happiness, longevity, wealth, literati calligraphy and painting and poetry. Most of them adopt the metrical forms such as "meter" and "Jiugong". The above three parts of patterns constitute the mainstream of Chinese traditional patterns.