The cause of the burning of Chibi was that Cao Cao unified the north and attempted to go south to unify the country. The result was that Zhou Yu burned Chibi, causing most of Cao Cao's army to suffer casualties, and Sun and Liu's coalition victory. The Battle of Chibi refers to the battle in which the coalition forces of Sun Quan and Liu Bei defeated Cao Cao's army in the Chibi area of ??the Yangtze River (now northwest of Chibi City, Hubei Province) in the 13th year of Jian'an (208) in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. This is one of the famous battles in Chinese history where a small number defeated a large number and the weak defeated the strong. It is the most famous of the "three major battles" during the Three Kingdoms period.

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Cao Cao led an army of 200,000 people down the river. Sun Quan appointed Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu as the left and right governors, and Lu Su as the captain of the Zan Army. Zhou Yu led 30,000 elite troops up the river to Xiakou, and together with Liu Bei's army stationed in Fankou, they marched westward along the Yangtze River and met Cao's army at Red Cliff. At that time, all of Cao Gong's troops were infected with the disease. On the first day of the battle, Cao's army was defeated and temporarily stationed in the Wulin area. Zhou Yu and others were on the south bank, and the two sides faced off across the river. Zhou Yu took advantage of Cao Cao's pride and underestimated the enemy. Nabu planned to fake a surrender by attacking Huang Gaizhi's proposal. He ordered him to lead ten small warships, load them with firewood and pour them with anointing oil. Pretending to surrender, he advanced to the north bank and arrived at Li Cao Cao. When the camp was two miles away, all the ships were lit together, and then with the help of the wind, they rushed straight towards Cao Jun. Cao Cao's army was defeated and the boats were burned, which extended to Cao Cao's camp on the shore and caused heavy casualties. Cao Cao ordered the remaining boats and boats of Cao Cao to be destroyed. They burned them down and then retreated. Most of the soldiers died due to hunger and disease.

In the Battle of Chibi, Sun Quan and Liu Bei formed an alliance to resist the war when the powerful enemy was approaching. They used their expertise in water warfare and skillfully used fire to attack, creating a situation in Chinese military history in which the weak defeated the strong. Famous battles.

The defeat in the Battle of Chibi made Cao Cao lose the possibility of unifying the country in a short period of time. Sun and Liu took advantage of this victory to begin to develop and strengthen their respective forces. Liu Bei asked Sun Quan quickly grew in strength after borrowing Jingzhou, and then attempted to conquer Yizhou. After Cao Cao returned to the north, he rested for two years. Two years later, Cao Cao marched westward and defeated Ma Chao, Han Sui and others in Guanzhong, and then launched a large-scale southward campaign against Sun Quan. This battle formed the prototype of the three divisions of the world and laid the foundation for the establishment of the Three Kingdoms.