1, stick to rotation. Guagua likes loam or sandy soil with good ventilation, and neutral or slightly acidic is appropriate. Alfalfa field, wheat, rape, corn, cotton and sun-cured fallow fields are suitable for the first crop, while melons, beets, solanaceous fruits and cucurbitaceae vegetables are not suitable for the first crop. It's not advisable to hit melons in successive crops, otherwise there will be more pests and diseases. It is best to use 3-5 years rotation, and the effect is better.

2. Adhere to autumn ploughing and complete fertilization. 10 kg of phosphorus and 7.5 kg of urea can be mixed into about 4 tons of farm manure per mu and applied to the depth of 15CM below the sowing zone. Spraying fungicides such as carbendazim, pentachloronitrobenzene and dichlorvos on the soil before ploughing in autumn to disinfect the soil.

3. Choose improved varieties. The common varieties of melon are: black big, red big, red small, black small and so on. Before sowing, seeds can be soaked in warm water at 55-60℃. When water is poured into seeds, the seeds should be stirred with water. When the water temperature drops to 30℃, the seeds should be soaked for 20 minutes. After the seeds are taken out, the seeds are dressed with 70% mancozeb or 50% carbendazim wettable powder according to 0.3% of the dry seeds, so as to reduce the harm of germs during germination and seedling stage.

Second, timely sowing.

1. sowing date: when the ground temperature of 10CM stably passes through 14℃, the sowing date should be from late April to early May, at the latest in late May.

2. Sowing amount: It can be sown manually or mechanically, and the sowing amount is about 2.5 kg per mu. When sowing, 5 kg of diammonium phosphate is applied laterally.

3. Sowing method: With good soil quality and sufficient fertilizer and water, the general row spacing is 1.25m, and the plant spacing is 30CM. Ordinary soil, row spacing 100CM+30CM wide and narrow, plant spacing of 25CM；; In the land with weak soil fertility, the row spacing is 80CM+30CM, and the ditch width is 30CM. One ditch and one film are covered with 70CM plastic film, and the edges of the plastic film are tightly sealed and compacted with soil.

Third, seedling management.

1, check seedlings and replant.

2, and the time is fixed. 2 seedlings with flattened true leaves, 4 seedlings with flattened true leaves, 2 seedlings per hole. Keep strong seedlings according to the seedling spacing, pull out the sick seedlings and leave the seedlings evenly and neatly. Generally, it is not necessary to replenish seedlings at 1-2, and seedlings can be reserved by the method of plant top position or vines can be led out and buried at the top position of holes.

3, intertillage topdressing. The first intertillage was carried out 15 days after the emergence of melon, with a depth of about 12CM, a seedling protection belt of about 10CM, and weeds among seedlings were manually hoed. After the fourth true leaf of cucumber is flattened, intertillage and topdressing are carried out before the vine is placed. The depth of intertillage fertilization is about 16CM, and urea is applied per mu 10 kg. When topdressing outside the roots, spraying some trace elements properly can resist diseases and increase production.

Fourth, prevent diseases early and apply foliar fertilizer skillfully.

In case of low temperature and high humidity at seedling stage, downy mildew should be prevented as soon as possible. Use 50% carbendazim 500 times solution for foliar spray control. After the fruit expansion period, it mainly controls stem blight, powdery mildew, leaf blight and anthracnose. Use 500 times solution of 50% carbendazim or 600 times solution of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder. Add 0.4% urea and 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate into the above liquid medicine to make a uniform fertilizer solution, and spray it on the leaves every 7- 10 days.

V. Scientific irrigation

Irrigation in melon growing period must adhere to the principle of "the first water should not be early, and the small water should be carefully irrigated". The seedlings should be crouched for about 50 days, and the first watering is usually carried out 3-5 days after melon cultivation and fertilization. When 80% melons in the local area are the size of eggs, they should be watered for the second time (swollen water) and for the third time before early August.

Sixth, timely harvest.

Harvest melon seeds in time from late August to early September.

1, the sign of maturity: the frost on the ripe melon skin is reduced, the melon skin becomes soft, and the sound is not brittle when hit by hand. When more than 95% melons in the field reach this standard, they can be harvested.

2. Harvesting method: after picking the melons, naturally store them for 3-5 days, and when they are fully mature, you can use the melon beater to take the seeds.

3. Drying: After the melon seeds are taken out, do not wash them with water, and dry them directly. The drying thickness should not be too thin, generally around 10㎝. Turn them frequently to reduce the seesaw. Try not to use iron when loading and unloading, so as not to affect the quality of melon seeds.