① Sow seeds at the right time

The most suitable period for sowing garlic is to allow the plants to grow to 5 to 6 leaves before overwintering. At this time, the plants have the strongest cold resistance and will not cause damage in the severe cold winter. be frozen to death and lay a good foundation for the plant to successfully pass vernalization. Sowing in the Yangtze River Basin and areas south of it is usually done in mid-to-late September. The weather in the Yangtze River Basin is cool in September, which is suitable for the emergence and growth of garlic seedlings. If sown too early, the seedlings will grow too vigorously before overwintering and consume nutrients, which will reduce the ability to survive the winter. Vernalization may occur again, causing secondary growth, forming double garlic cloves in the second year, and reducing garlic quality. If sown too late, the seedlings will be small, with tender tissues, weak root systems, less accumulated nutrients, lower cold resistance, and more deaths during the winter. Therefore, the sowing period of garlic must be strictly controlled.

② Reasonable dense planting

Dense planting is the basis for increasing production. The yield of garlic sprouts and garlic heads is composed of the number of plants per acre, the number of garlic cloves per plant, and the weight of garlic sprouts and cloves. Appropriate dense planting should be done according to the characteristics of the variety so that there are more plants per acre. Early-maturing varieties generally have shorter plants, fewer leaves, a shorter growth period, and a correspondingly higher density. It is better to plant about 50,000 plants per mu. The row spacing is 14 to 17 cm, the plant spacing is 7 to 8 cm, and the planting area per mu is 150. ~200kg. Mid-late maturing varieties have a long growth period, tall plants, more leaves, and a correspondingly smaller density, so that the population structure can be reasonable and make full use of light energy. The density should be controlled at about 40,000 plants per mu, with row spacing of 16 to 18 cm, plant spacing of about 10 cm, and about 150 kilograms of seeds per mu.

③Sowing method

"Planting onions deeply and garlic shallowly" is the experience gained by farmers through many years of practice. Generally, the suitable depth for sowing garlic is 3 to 4 centimeters. There are two ways to sow garlic: one is to insert seeds, that is, insert the seed petals into the soil, and cover them with soil after sowing to make them solid; the other is to sow in trenches, that is, use a hoe to open a shallow trench and sow the seed petals into the soil. After a ditch is dug, the soil dug out at the same time covers the previous row of seed petals. After sowing, cover the soil with a thickness of about 2 cm, lightly step on it with your feet, and water thoroughly. To prevent drought, the soil can be covered with a second layer of straw or other moisture-retaining materials. Planting should not be too deep. If it is too deep, the emergence of seedlings will be delayed. If the pseudostem is too long, the root system will absorb more water and fertilizer. If the growth is too vigorous, the garlic will be squeezed by the soil and difficult to expand. However, it should not be planted too shallow. If it is too shallow, the seedlings will easily "jump" during emergence. "The rhizosphere of the seedlings is prone to lack of water, the root system is poorly developed, and it is easy to freeze to death during the winter.