First: catching a cold
Cold is the most common manifestation of upper respiratory tract infection. A cold may be caused by a virus, which is easy to spread among children. The main symptoms are runny nose, mild fever, loss of appetite, sore throat, lethargy and slight swelling of lymph glands. If there are no complications, the typical cold symptoms will gradually disappear within 3 ~ 4 days, generally without seeing a doctor.
A care:
1, ensure that the child gets enough rest and give him plenty of boiled water.
2. Keep the indoor air circulating and maintain proper temperature and humidity.
3, the diet should be light, eat more digestible and nutritious food.
4, mild fever, physical cooling; When the nose is stuffy, steam fumigation can be used to prevent nasal secretions from becoming more viscous.
2. Prevention:
1, as the weather changes, it's best to add or subtract clothes, which is "covering spring and freezing autumn".
2, to ensure adequate sleep, can enhance physical fitness.
3. Go to public places as little as possible, stay away from cold patients and avoid cross infection.
Wash your hands regularly within one day to cut off the spread of cold.
Special reminder: Except for bacterial infection, antibiotics are generally not needed.
The second cough:
Cough is also the most common manifestation of upper respiratory tract infection. When nerve endings located in the pharynx, trachea and lungs are stimulated, the gas in the lungs can be strongly exhausted through a reflex circuit. If a child's cough is accompanied by fever, irritability or dyspnea, it is probably caused by infection, and the cough sounds are different from place to place.
A care:
1, rest more, drink more water and increase indoor humidity.
If you have a bad cough, you should take medicine under the guidance of a doctor.
When cough is caused by another disease, this disease must be treated.
2. Prevention:
1, try to avoid respiratory related diseases.
2. If cough is caused by temporary stimulation (such as indoor dust), this stimulation should be avoided.
Special reminder: When upper respiratory tract infection occurs, cough is a protective mechanism, which can clear respiratory tract mucus. If it is not particularly serious, there is generally no need to suppress it.
The third type of asthma:
Many reasons can lead to asthma attacks, but the most common cause of asthma in children under 5 years old is virus infection, which causes inflammation of bronchial mucosa and stimulates the surrounding smooth muscle. When children's upper respiratory tract infection causes asthma attack, it is mainly manifested as cough, which is aggravated at night, during exercise or when exposed to irritating substances and allergens, and wheezing will be produced when exhaling.
A care:
1, try to avoid contact with the factors that cause asthma attacks.
2. Sleep at night.
Take the medicine according to the doctor's advice. Don't stop taking medicine prematurely before communicating with your doctor. Don't let the dosage be less than the recommended amount. Don't switch to other drugs.
4, light diet, balanced nutrition, eat more fresh vegetables and foods rich in vitamin C.
2. Prevention:
Keep children away from allergens, such as pollen, dust, smoke, some pets or food, to minimize the onset of asthma. If your child has a history of allergies or family members have a history of allergies, you should pay special attention in spring and go to the hospital in time after symptoms appear.
Special reminder: in the early stage of asthma attack, treatment is the easiest and the effect is the best before the symptoms are serious.
The fourth urticaria
If a child has a red raised plaque with a white center, he may have urticaria. This allergic reaction can occur in any part of the body. Usually, urticaria can disappear from one part of the body within a few hours and then appear in another part of the body.
A care:
1, avoid cool wind stimulation, otherwise it will aggravate the condition.
2. Keep your skin clean and dry.
Don't eat foods that are too irritating, such as raw onions, peppers and raw garlic.
4. Cold compress on the itchy part can relieve the symptoms. Try not to scratch with your hands to avoid infection.
2. Prevention:
1, try to keep children away from allergens, such as certain foods, drugs and plants.
2. If you have a specific form of urticaria, try to change your daily habits.
Special reminder: There are many kinds of allergens, even if they can't be found one by one, the common ones must be avoided.
The fifth chicken pox:
Chickenpox is a common acute infectious disease, which is spread by droplets and easily infected by children over 6 months old. When a child is exposed to the virus that can cause chickenpox, it takes 10 ~ 24 hours from rash to small blister, accompanied by mild fever and other symptoms. The isolation period of chickenpox was 265438 0 days.
A care:
1, limit children's scratching to avoid infection.
2. Bathing children with warm water helps to prevent secondary infection.
Don't let children take any medicine containing aspirin to avoid danger.
4. It needs to be isolated until all the blisters scab.
2. Prevention:
1, do not contact chickenpox patients.
2. Vaccination with live attenuated varicella vaccine can obtain lasting immunity.
Special reminder: because varicella vaccine is a live virus vaccine, children with immune system problems have no normal response to it, so it is not suitable for vaccination.
The sixth nosebleed:
The proportion of children with nosebleeds in spring is much higher than that in other seasons. And this nosebleed is mostly sudden.
A care:
Let the child sit or stand, lean forward slightly, and the parents pinch his nose wings on both sides with their thumb and forefinger to stop bleeding. If the nosebleed is not serious, it will stop in a few minutes. If you can't stop the bleeding, you should go to the hospital for treatment.
2. Prevention:
1, eat more fruits and vegetables with the function of clearing away heat and toxic materials and drink more water.
2. Appropriately increase the humidity of the bedroom and keep the child's nasal mucosa moist.
3. Help children get rid of the bad habit of picking their nostrils.
Special reminder: Never let the child look up to help him stop bleeding.
Category 7 food poisoning:
Children will have food poisoning after eating food contaminated by bacteria. Symptoms of food poisoning include abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and fever.
A care:
1, when the child has severe vomiting or diarrhea, some electrolyte solutions can be added.
2. Prepare some digestible foods, preferably liquid or semi-liquid foods, such as rice porridge and noodle soup.
2. Prevention:
1. Tableware should be disinfected regularly and kitchen utensils should be dried.
2. Check carefully when buying food, and put away the leftovers to avoid spoilage.
Try not to eat food raw.
Special reminder: If you have symptoms similar to food poisoning within a few hours after eating, you should go to the hospital immediately.
Parents should pay attention to the following points in spring:
First, increase or decrease clothes in a timely manner.
It is necessary to follow the old proverb "Go to Qiu Lai in spring". When the weather is warm in early spring, don't cut down clothes for your children in a hurry. When the temperature drops suddenly, add clothes in time.
Second, pay attention to hygiene.
Always keep the room clean and open the window for ventilation, so that the indoor air is fresh and sunny. It is necessary to dry bedding frequently, change clothes frequently, and take children to crowded public places less.
Third, a reasonable diet.
In the daily diet, besides eating proper amount of fish, meat, chicken and eggs, we should also eat more milk, bean products, vegetables and fruits. Babies should eat cod liver oil and calcium tablets when necessary.
Fourth, get enough sleep.
Spring is prone to "spring sleepiness". Ensuring children's adequate sleep is not only beneficial to their growth and development, but also enhances their immunity.
Fifth, strengthen outdoor activities.
Spring is bright and everything grows, so that children can go outdoors to bask in the sun, breathe fresh air and enhance their hematopoietic and immune functions.
Sixth, planned immunization.
Vaccination should be carried out in time as planned to prevent common infectious diseases in children.
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