Yue was a state founded by the ancient Yue people, and his state was getting stronger when he was king of Yue, so Chu was allied with Yue to control Wu. In 466 BC, when King Goujian of Yue (497 BC - 465 BC) came to the throne, he defeated Wu. Two years later, King Fu-chai of Wu attacked the capital of Yue, and Goujian was forced to surrender on bended knee and accompanied Fu-chai to Wu, where he served the king of Wu, and was later pardoned and returned to his country. After his defeat, Gou Jian never forgot the shame of Huiji, and he was lying on his back day after day, bowing to himself, "Have you forgotten the shame of Huiji? He was a great warrior. He reappointed Fan Li, Wen Qi, and other wise men, and gradually restored the strength of Yue after "ten years of gathering and ten years of learning". However, Wu was not alert to this. In 482 BC, King Fu-chai of Wu attended the meeting at Huang Chi and sent out all his elites, leaving only the crown prince and the old and weak to defend the country. King Goujian of Yue then took advantage of the situation and killed the crown prince of Wu. After the battle, he returned to Jin and negotiated for peace with Yue.

In the 473rd year, the Vietnamese army once again defeated Wu, and King Fu-chai of Wu was besieged on Gusu Mountain, west of Wu, and committed suicide after failing to surrender. The king of Yue, Goujian, who had already conquered Wu, followed the footsteps of Wu by crossing the Huai River with his troops and meeting the lords of Qi, Song, Jin, and Lu in Xuzhou (present-day Teng County, Shandong Province, south of the city), where the Emperor of the Zhou Dynasty appointed Goujian to be the 'Boh'. At that time, "Yue's soldiers were rampant in the eastern part of the Yangtze River and Huaihuai, and all the vassals congratulated him, and he was called the hegemon." However, at that time, the Spring and Autumn Period was coming to an end, and the hegemonic government was coming to an end, and Goujian was the last hegemon at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period.

When Goujian had just destroyed Wu and claimed the throne, the most meritorious minister under him, Fan Li, was appointed as a general, but he knew that it was difficult to live under a great name for a long time, and that it was not auspicious to be honored with a great name for a long time, and so he retired from his work and "floated on a boat with his personal disciples, and did not turn back. It is said that he changed his name to Tao Zhu Gong and later became rich in business. Fan Li once sent a letter to Wen Zou, saying, "When the birds fly, the good bow hides; when the cunning rabbit dies, the dog cooks. The king of Yue is a man with a long neck and a bird's peck, so he can be with him in trouble, but not in happiness. Wen Zi failed to listen to him, and soon after, he was given a sword by Gou Jie to kill himself.

Historical Records of the Grand Historian (史记卷四十一) The Family of Yue Wang Goujian (越王勾践世家) 11th

Yue Wang Goujian (越王句践), a descendant of Yu (禹), was a common son of Shao Kang (少康) of Emperor Xia. He was also the son of Emperor Shaokang of the Xia Dynasty. He was enshrined in Huiji to honor Yu's sacrifice. He had his hair cut off and his body tattooed, and he was buried in the city of Huiji. The next twenty or so generations came to the time of Yun Chang. At the time of Yun Chang, he fought with King Helu of Wu, and they had a grudge against each other. When Yunchang died, his son Juchuan was established as the king of Yue.

Note ① justice Wu Yue Chunqiu cloud: "Yu Zhou line the world, but also return to the Dai Yue, Mount Maoshan to the four sides of the court, sealing the merit, Jude, collapse and buried in. At least Kang, fear Yu 夡 temple sacrifice of the end, was sealed its concubine son in Yue, said Yu." He Zhuan Huiji record cloud: "Shao Kang, its youngest son said Yu Yue, Yue country's name began this." Yue Jieji cloud: "Wu Yu are, south of Mount Huiji, the old Yue city is also."

Note ② justice Yizi Zhi Yun: "Yue Hou Chuan country more than thirty leaves, the Yin to the Zhou Jing Wang, Yue Hou Fu Tan, said Yun Chang, the son of the beginning of the big, the king, the Spring and Autumn relegated to the son, the first year, King Helu of Wu heard that the death of the Yun Chang, was the division to attack the Yue. Yue Wang Zujian make dead challenge, three lines, to Wu Chen, called and cut himself. When they arrived at Wu Chen, they cut their own throats, and when they watched, the Yue attacked the Wu division, which was defeated at Li Li, and shot and wounded King Helu of Wu. When King Helu died, he told his son Fu Chai, "I must not forget Yue."

Note 1: Du Zi said, "There is a city of Li Li in the south of Jiaxing County, Wu County." The city was located in the 14th year of Duke Lu's reign in the Zuo Zhuan (左传).

Three years later, Juchan heard that King Fu-chai of Wu had been sending his troops day and night, and that he wanted to attack him before Wu did. Fan Li remonstrated and said:

"No. I heard that soldiers are ferocious weapons. I heard that the soldiers of the murder weapon, the war against virtue, the fight for the end of the matter. Plotting against virtue, good use of weapons, try the body at the end of the, God forbid, the line is not favorable." The king of Yue said, "I have already made up my mind." So he raised his division. When the king of Wu heard of this, he sent all his elite troops to attack Yue, and was defeated by Fuzhao. ① the king of Yue was to the remaining five thousand soldiers to keep perched on the Huiji. The king of Wu pursued and surrounded them.

Note 1: Du Zi said: "Fu Jiao is in Wu County, Wu County, Taihu Lake, Jiao Mountain is also." The name of the place was Jia Kui Yun. Jia Kui cloud place name. The state language cloud defeat of the five lakes, then Du pre cloud in the pepper mountain is not. The year of the first Emperor's death is the year of the first Emperor's death.

Note ② Jiejie Du pre said: "on the Huiji mountain also." Suoyin Zou Dang Yun: "Baoshan said perched, as if the bird perched in the wood to avoid harm, so the six Towers said, 'the army in the mountain of the high one is said to perch'."

The king of Yue said Fan Li: ① "to not listen to the son of the reason to this, for the how can it be?" Li said: "hold full with the sky, ② fixed pouring with people, ③ section of the matter to the ground. ④Humble words and generous gifts to bequeath, not allowed, and the body and the city."

⑤Jujian said, "No." He then ordered the senior official to go to Wu, and said, "The king's deceased minister, Juchan, has made the accompanying minister, Juchan, dare to report to the next executive: Juchan is invited to be a minister, and his wife to be a concubine." The king of Wu was about to give his permission. Zixu said to the king of Wu:

"Heaven gave Wu the gift of Yue, so do not allow it." The king's son, Zixu, was a great man, and he was a great man. He wanted to kill his wife and burnt his treasures, and died in the battle. The seed stopped Juchan and said: "Wu Dazai is greedy, can be tempted to profit, please do not idle line (7) of the words." So Jutjian with beautiful women and treasures to make the kind of idle offer Wu Dazai great fortune. The king of Wu, who had accepted the offer, met the king of Wu with the great-grandmaster, Kind. Seed poured his head and said, "I hope that the king will pardon the crime of Jutjam and give him all the treasures. Unfortunately not amnesty, Jutian will kill his wife, burnt his treasure, all five thousand people touch the war, there will be when also." He said to the King of Wu, "If you pardon him, it will be a good thing for your country." The king of Wu was going to allow it. Zixu advised him, "If we don't destroy Yue now, we will regret it later. Juchan was a good ruler, and Seed and Li were good subjects. If they turned against their country, it would be chaos." The king of Wu did not listen to him, but pardoned him and returned to his country.

Note ① justice Huiji dictionary cloud: "Fan Li word less Bo, Yue on the general also. He was originally from Sanhu, Wan, Chu, and he was a man who feigned madness and suavity. Wen kind for wan order, sent officials to visit. The official also said: 'Fan Li country maniac, born with this disease.' Kind of laughter said: 'I heard that the gentleman has the posture of the virtuous and handsome, there must be feinting wild ridicule, inside the unique vision of the Ming, outside the destruction of not knowing, this solid is not the two or three sons of the know also.' Driving to, Li avoided. After knowing the kind of will come to visit, said brother and sister-in-law said: 'today there is a guest, would like to fake clothes.' A moment kind of to, against the palm and talk, bystanders watchers shrugged heard."

Note ② Wei Zhao said: "with the sky, the law of heaven. The way of heaven is not overflowing." Suoyin and heaven, heaven and also. The words hold full and not overflowing, and the same way with the sky, so the sky with the.

Note ③ Jiejie Yu turned said: "Humanity is still humble to self-pastoral." Suoyin human masters have the merit of determining the tilt, so people with the also.

Note 4: Wei Zhao said, "If the time is not right, you can't force it to be born; if you don't study it, you can't force it to be done." Suoyin Guoyu "to" for "with", this is "to", also with the meaning. The words of the ground can be wealth into all things, the human master should be used to law, so the ground with the. Wei Zhao and other interpretations of fear is not.

Note 5 (5) Wei Zhao said: "City, profit. It is said that the commission pipe key belongs to the state, to the body with it." The righteousness of the humble speech, thick legacy of treasures. Not allowed to level, the king of Yue body to the matter, such as the city of goods to profit, this is the plan to set the pouring of danger.

Note 6 Suoyin Daifu, official; species, name. One said that the doctor's name, as if the Sima, Situ than, cover is not.

Cheng, Ping also, seek peace in Wu also. Justice Wu Yue Spring and Autumn Annals cloud: "the doctor species surname Wen name species, the word Zi bird. Jing Ping Wang when for Wan order, the three households of Li, Fan Li from the dog Dou squatting and barking, from the fear of the official Wen kind of 臱, people cited clothing and place placeholder. Wen Zuo said: 'No placeholder. I heard the dog's barking people, now I come here, there is a saint's gas, line and seek, to come here. And the person and the dog barks at the person, that I am a person.' He got out of the car and worshipped, and the calabash was not a gift."

Note (7) Suoyin idle sound Ji leisure anti-. The first is the "Idle Walk", which is a small walk.

Note (8) Suoyin Guoyu cloud: "Yue decorated beauty two people, so that the doctor kind of legacy Taizai great fortune."

Note ⑨ Suoyin said Sydney five thousand people touching the war, or when the Wu soldiers, so the state language as "coupling", coupling is also equivalent to the name of the pair. Also under the cloud "not to hurt the king's love," is when there are also hurt each other.

Sentence trampling of the sleepy Huiji also, sighing: "I finally here?" The kind of said: "Tang system Xiatai, King Wen imprisoned in Paili, Jin Chong Er went to Zhai, Qi Xiaobai went to Ju, and his death king of the hegemony. The fact is that they were all killed in the same place."

Wu has pardoned Yue, Yue Wang Zujian anti-national, is bitter body anxious thought, put gall in the sitting, sitting and lying that is to Yang gall, food and drink also tasted gall also. He said, "The woman forgot the shame of Huiji?" The body from farming, the lady from weaving, food does not add meat, clothing is not heavy to pick, folding section under the sage, thick meet guests, Zhen poor hanging death, ① and the people with its labor. Want to make Fan Li to rule the state government, Li said: "the matter of armor, species is not as good as Li; fill ② caress the country, affinity with the people, Li is not as good as species." So the state government belonged to the doctor, and Fan Li, together with the doctor, Zhe Ji (柘稽), was sent to Wu as hostage. In two years, Wu returned to Li.

Note 1: Xu Guang said: "Hanging, one is 'burial'."

Note ② Suoyin town sound.

Note ③ Suoyin Yue Daifu also. The state language as "Zhuji Ying".

Jujian returned seven years from Huiji, patted his people, want to use to repay Wu. The doctor Feng Tong ① remonstrated, saying: "The country is in exile, and now it is back to the Yin give, decorate and prepare for the benefit of the Wu will be afraid, afraid of the difficulty will come. And the birds of prey strike also, must hide its shape. Today, Wu soldiers plus Qi, Jin, deep resentment in Chu, Yue, the name of the world, actually harm the Zhou family, less virtue and more work, will be obscene self-promotion. For the plan of Yue, it would be better to make ties with Qi, kiss Chu, and attach Jin, so as to enrich Wu. Wu's ambition is broad, will be light on war. It is I even its power, the three countries to cut down, the Yue to inherit its ills, can also be overcome." Jutian said, "Good."

Note ① Suoyin Feng, surname; with, name. Therefore, Chu has Feng Bo.

In the second year of his reign, the king of Wu was about to invade Qi. Zixu reminded him, "It is not possible. I have heard that Zu Tram has no taste for food, and that he shares the suffering of the people.

If this man does not die, he will be a national disaster. Wu has Yue, the heart of the disease, Qi and Wu, scabies ① also. I hope the king will release Qi and Vietnam first." The king of Wu did not listen, so he invaded Qi, defeated Ailing, ② captured Qi Gao, state ③ to return. He let Zixu go. Zixu said, "The king is not happy!" The king was furious, and Zixu wanted to commit suicide, but the king stopped him when he heard about it. The king of Yue said to Zi Xu, "I think the king of Wu is proud of his government, so I would like to try to taste and lend him some corn in order to know what will happen to him." Please loan, the king of Wu wants to with, Zixu advised not to with, the king then with it, the Yue is privately happy. Zixu said, "If the king does not listen to his advice, Wu will be ruined in the next three years!" When Dazai Exporter heard about this, he and Zixu argued about Vietnam and slandered Zixu by saying, "Wu Yuan looks loyal but is really a tolerant person. When the king wanted to invade Qi, Wu Yu strongly remonstrated with him, but he was able to achieve some success, so he used this as an excuse to blame the king. If the king doesn't prepare for Wu Yuan, he will be in chaos." He plotted with Feng and slandered the king. The king did not follow, was to make Zixu in Qi, heard of his son in Bao, the king was furious, said:

"Wood members of the fruit deceived the widow!" Zixu laughed and said: "I order and father Ba, ④ I also set up if, ⑤ if you want to share half of the state of Wu to me, I do not accept, already, now if the counter-exploitation of slander to kill me. Contempt, contempt, a person solid can not be independent!" The messenger said, "I will take my eyes and put them at the east gate of Wu to watch the entry of the Yue soldiers!" (6) So Wu Ren great fortune politics.

Note ① Suo隐疥菷音介尟.

Note ② Suoyin in the eleventh year of Lu Liao.

Note ③ Suoyin Guo Huizi and Gao Zhaozi.

Note ④ Suoyin and, you also. The father, Helu is also.

Note ⑤ Suoyin Ruo also you.

Note ⑥ Suoyin Guoyu cloud King Wu huffed that "I do not make the doctor can see", is the Sheng to scops owl, thrown in the river also.

Ju three years, Juchuan called Fan Li said: "Wu has killed Zixu, guide flatterers, can it?" He said, "Not yet."

To the spring of next year, the king of Wu will be north of the lords in the yellow pool, ① Wu elite soldiers from the king, but only the old and weak and the Prince to stay. ② Jutian asked Fan Li again, Li said "can be carried out". He sent 2,000 people to study the stream, ③ 40,000 people to teach the clergy, ④ 6,000 people to be a gentleman, ⑤ 1,000 people to be an emperor, and ⑥ to attack Wu. Wu's division was defeated, and he killed the Prince of Wu. The king was afraid that the world would hear about it, so he kept it a secret. The king of Wu had already made an alliance with Huangchi, and then he sent his men to invite Yue to succeed him. The Vietnamese were afraid that they would not be able to destroy Wu, so they made peace with Wu.

Note ① Suoyin in the thirteenth year of mourning.

Note ② Suoyin according to Zuo's biography, the Prince's name is You.

Note ③ Suoyin Yu Shu Yun "exile five punishment". According to: the exile of the sinner, so that the practice of war, appointed as pawns, so there are two thousand people. Justice is that the first habitual fluency battlefield dead two thousand people.

Note ④ Suoyin said often coached soldiers. Therefore, Confucius said "to not teach the people to fight, it is called □ of" is also.

Note ⑤ Wei Zhao said: "gentleman, the king is close to those who have the will to do, as Wu called 'virtuous and good', Qi called 'Shi' also." Yu Fan said: "The king raised as a son." Suoyin Junjun said that the gentleman raised by the son with favor. Another note: zuo's "chu shen yinxu marshal all junzi to ji division", du pre said "all junzi said all yup's soldiers have back in addition to the person". The state language "the king to private pawn gentleman six thousand people".

Note 6 Suoyin all the Royal said that the governing officials in the military have the job.

The next four years, the Yue resumed the attack on Wu. The people of Wu were in a state of mourning, and all of them were killed by Qi and Jin.

In the following four years, the Yue invaded Wu again, the Wu people were on strike, and all the soldiers died in Qi and Jin. The king of Wu made Gongsun Xiong (①) walk forward with his flesh on his knees, and asked the king of Yue to say: "I, Fu Chai, dared to lay my heart on the table, and I was offended by Huiji in a different day, but Fu Chai did not dare to disobey his order, so I was able to return to the country with the king. Now the king of the jade toes and kill the lone minister, the lone minister but the order is to listen to, the intention is also want to forgive the lone minister's sins as the Huiji?" Jutian could not bear, want to allow. Fan Li said: "The matter of Huiji, the sky to Vietnam to give Wu, Wu did not take.

Today, Wu gave Yue, Yue its can be against the sky? And the king of the flea market, not for the Wu evil? The king has been planning for twenty-two years, and once he has done so, can he do so? And if heaven and I do not take it, I will be blamed for it. 'The one who cuts down the ke is not far away', has the king forgotten the □ of Huiji?" Juchuan said: "I want to listen to the words of the son, I do not endure its messenger." Fan Li was drumming into the army, said: "the king has belonged to the deacons, ② messenger to go, not the and get offended." ③Wu messenger sobbed and went away. Jutian pity, is to make people said the king of Wu: "I put the king of Ningbo East, the king of hundreds." The king of Wu thanked him and said, "I am old, I can not serve the king!" He then committed suicide. He then killed himself. He covered his face and said:

"I have no face to see Zixu!" The king of Yue buried the king of Wu and executed Dazai嚭.

Note 1: Yu翻 said: "Wu Daifu."

Note 2: Yu turned to say: "Deacon, Li said himself."

Note ③ Jiejie Yu turned said: "I have been offended for the son." Suoyin Yu flip note cover according to the text of the state language, now look at this text, said that the messenger should go quickly, not and offended in the Yue, the meaning is also common.

Note ④ Jiejie Du Zui said: "Yongdong, Huiji Juzhang County, East China Sea in the continent." Suoyin Guoyu cloud "with the couple of 300" is also.

Note 5 ⑤ justice today's face clothing is the remains of its image. The king of Wu said, 'I have heard the order! To three inches of silk to cover my eyes. So that the dead have knowledge, I am not to see Wu Zixu, Gongsun Sheng; thought ignorant, I'm ashamed of the living '. The king of Yue then removed the ribbons to cover his eyes, and then he ambushed his sword and died." 幎 Yin foraging. Gu Yowang Yun's large scarf also covers.

Jujian had already pacified Wu, but he crossed the Huai River to the north with his troops, and met with the lords of Qi and Jin in Xuzhou to pay tribute to Zhou. The King of Zhou gave Juan Tram the title of Burger, and the title of Burger was given to him. When Juchan had left, he crossed the south of the Huai River and took the land on the Huai River to Chu, and returned the land of Song that Wu had invaded to Song, which was a hundred miles east of Sibang, Shandong Province, and Lu. At that time, the Yue soldiers roamed across the river and Huaiyang East, the lords congratulations, called the king of the hegemony. ②

Note ① Jiejie Chu Shijia said: "Yue destroyed Wu but can not be positive Jiang, Huaibei. Chu east invasion of Canton to Surabaya."

Note ② Suoyin Yue in the barbarians, after the Shaokang, far away from the country small, the beginning of the Spring and Autumn period did not pass the country, the history of the country is slight, slightly no lineage, so the chronicle is called "Yu □ Zi". According to this text, after Jiu Tram had pacified Wu, King Yuan of the Zhou Dynasty appointed him to be an uncle, and then he arrogated to himself the title of king.

Fan Li then went away, and from Qi, he left a book to the king, saying: "When the gossamer birds are gone, the good bow is hidden; when the cunning rabbit dies, the dog cooks. The king of Yue is a man with a long neck and a bird's beak, and can be in trouble with ****, not with **** happy. Why don't you go?" The king of Vietnam is a man with a long neck and a bird's beak, and he is not to be found in ****.

People or slander species and rebellion, the king of Yue is to give species of sword, said: "Zi taught me to cut down Wu seven techniques, ② I used three of them and defeated Wu, four of them in the son, the son of me from the previous king to try." Seed then committed suicide.

Note 1: Xu Guang said: "Cunning, a 'suburb'."

Note ② justice Yue Jie Yun: "Nine arts: one is to respect the heavenly service ghosts; two is said to weigh the money to leave its ruler; three is said to buy up grain to empty its state; four is said to leave the good and beautiful in order to fluoresce its aspirations; five is said to leave the skillful craftsmen, so that the rise of palaces and high platforms, in order to exhaust their wealth to exhaustion of their strength; six is said to be expensive for its flattering ministers, so that it is easy to logging; seven is said to be strong for its advisers to make it suicide; eight is said to be rich and ready for the tool sharp; nine said Firm armor and sharp soldiers to bear its ills."

Jujian died, ① son Wang marmot and established. When Wang Bushou died, his son Wang Weng was established. The king's marmot died, and his son Wang Boushou was established. The king's cataract died, and his son Wang Zhihou was established. The king's son Wang Wuqiang was born after the death of the king's husband.

Note 1: "In the eleventh month of the tenth year of the reign of Duke Duke of Jin (晋出公), the son of Yu Zhuzhan (于□子句践) died, and it was Miscanthus who took charge of him."

Note ② Suoyin marmot sound stone. The first is a marmot, and the second is a marmot, and the third is a marmot. The first is that the Miscanthus is the first to be used in the world, and the second is that the Miscanthus is the first to be used in the United States. The second deer Ying established, died six years. Le capital cloud "Yue language is called deer Ying marmot and also".

Note ③ Suoyin Ji Nian Yun: "not Shou Li ten years to see kill, is a blind nun. Second Zhu句立."

Note ④ Suoyin Ji Nian Yu □ son Zhu sentence thirty-four years to destroy Teng, thirty-five years to destroy Tancan, thirty-seven years Zhu sentence died.

Note ⑤ Suo Yin Ji Nian Yun: "Fei thirty-three years moved to Wu, thirty-six years in the seventh month of Prince Zhu Gui killed his king Fei, October □ kill Zhu Gui. In October, he killed Zhuge Liang. In the next year, the Wu people made Ziqizhi as the ruler. The next year, Dafu Temple District to stabilize the □ chaos, the establishment of Wu Yu Zhi.

Twelve years, the temple district brother Zhong killed his king Mangan, the second Zhuan established. No Zhuan eight years of princely, is Miscanthus candles."

Therefore Zhuangzi cloud "the Yue people three regicide of its king, Zi Sao suffer from, fleeing from the Dan cave refused to come out, the Yue people smoked to Ai, by the king's moped". Le capital cloud "said no Zhuan". Cover no Zhuan after is second no strong also, then the king of the marquis that no Yu of also.

Note (6) Suoyan cover no Zhuan's brother. The first is that the first time a person is in a position to do so, he or she will be able to do so.

When the king was not strong, Yue raised his division to attack Qi in the north and Chu in the west, competing with China for strength. When King Wei of Chu, the Vietnamese northern expedition to Qi, King Wei of Qi said that the Vietnamese king said: "The Vietnamese do not attack Chu, the king is not big, not small. The reason why Yue did not invade Chu was because he did not want Jin to do so. Han and Wei certainly do not attack Chu. Han's attack on Chu, cover its army, kill its generals, then Ye, Yangzhai dangerous; ① Wei also cover its army, kill its generals, then Chen, Shangcai uneasy. Therefore, the two Jin's affairs of Yue also, ③ not to cover the army and kill the generals, the power of Ma Khan is not effective. ④ What is more important than getting Jin?" ⑤The king of Yue said: "The one who seeks to Jin, not to Dun blade to receive troops, not to mention in the siege of the city around the euphony? (6) I wish Wei to gather under the Great Liang, I wish Qi to test troops Nanyang (7) Ju land, to gather often, the realm of Tan, (8) then Fangcheng outside not south, (9) Huai, Surabaya idle not east, Shang, Yu, analyze, Li, (10) Zonghu of the land, (11) Xia Road to the left, (12) insufficient to prepare for Qin, Jiangnan, Surabaya on insufficient to treat the Yue carry on. (13) then Qi, Qin, Han, Wei get the will of Chu also, is the two Jin do not fight to share the land, not plow and get. Not this for, and the edge of the river and mountains in the idle as qi qin use, the person to be so its loss of plan, how can it this king also!" Qi messenger said: "Fortunately also the Yue's not die! I do not value its use of wisdom as the eye, see ho hairs and do not see its eyelashes also. Now the king knows Jin's failure to plan, but do not know the faults of the Yue, is the eye of the argument also. (14) What the king expects from Jin is not the power of Ma Khan, nor the ability to join forces with the army, but to divide the Chu army. Now that the Chu army has been divided, why wait for Jin?" The king of Yue said: "How can I help?" Said: "Chu three big doctor Zhang nine army, north siege Quwo, Yuzhong, (15) to no false passes of (16) 3,700 miles, (17) Jing Cui of the army of the north gathered Lu, Qi, Nanyang, points have big this one? [18] and the king's request, □ Jin Chu also; Jin Chu does not □, the Vietnamese troops can not afford to know two or five but do not know ten also. At this time do not attack Chu, I know that the Yue big not king, small not Bo. The collage, Pang, (19) Changsha, [0] Chu's corn; after all, Zeling, Chu's material. Yue peeping soldiers pass no false pass, [two one] these four euphony is not on the tribute to Ying carry on. [I heard that the king is not the king, and it is not enough. However, if you don't, the way of the king is lost. Therefore, I hope that the Great King's turn to attack Chu also."

Note: ①Justice, Ye, Shibu, Ye County, Xuzhou. Yang Zhai is also known as Yang Zhai County in the south of the river. At this time, the two counties belonged to Han, and the border with Chu, and if Han attacked Chu, I am afraid that the two counties would be endangered by Chu.

Note ② justice Chen, now Chenzhou also. Shangcai, now Yuzhou Shangcai County. The two Euphrates at this time belongs to Wei, and the Chu canine and tooth border, Wei if the Chu, I fear that the two countries for the Chu also endangered.

Note ③ justice said Han, Wei and Chu neighbor, now make the Yue combined in the two Jin and attack Chu.

Note ④ Jiejie Xu Guang said: "The effect is also seen."

Note ⑤Justice from the "not to" has been the next this is the Qi messenger difficult the king of Yue.

Note 6Justice, the edge of the building of barricades. The first thing you need to do is to get the troops to the battlefield. The king of Yue said that Han Wei's work in Yue, but not to Dun blade to receive the troops, not to mention more attacks on the city siege, Han, Wei began to serve it? The king said that he was afraid of Qin and Qi, and the story of Yue is also.

Note (7) Suoyin this Nanyang in the southern border of Qi, west of Ju.

Note ⑧ Suoyin often, euphony, cover Tianwen fief. Tan, the former Tancheng. The two euphonies are the south of Qi.

Note ⑨ justice Fangcheng Mountain in Xuzhou Ye County, 18 miles southwest. Outside of Xuzhou, Yuzhou, etc.. The Wei soldiers under the Da Liang, Chu Fangcheng troops shall not be south to conquer Yue also.

Note ⑩ Suoyin four and belong to Nanyang, Chu of the southwest. The first is the "Li" sound throw. The land of the cloud: "Shangluo County is the ancient Shangguo city also. Jingzhou map vice cloud 'Dengzhou Neixiang County, seven miles east of the village, that is, in the middle of the land also'." The land of the Zhi and Yun: "Dengzhou Neixiang County, Chu Yi also. The former Li County in Dengzhou Xincheng County, thirty miles northwest." Press: Shang, Yu, analyze, Li in the Shang, Deng two states border, the county also.

Note (11) Xu Guang said: "Hu country, today's Ruyin." Suoyin Zonghu, euphony. The clan of the Hu family name, because of the name of the euphony. Du pre cloud "Ruyin County, north of the old Hu City" is.

Note (12) Jiejie Xu Guang said: "cover the summer of Jiangxia." Suoyin Xu thought Jiangxia, not also. Liu's cloud "Chu suitable for the summer, the road out of Fangcheng, people traveling north to the west for the left, so the cloud summer road to the left", its meaning is also obtained. Justice includes the Zhi Yun: "The Great Wall in Dengzhou Neixiang County, seventy-five miles to the east, south into Rang County, north of the wing Wangshan, no soil where the accumulated stone for solid. King Xiang of Chu controlled the hegemony of the southern soil, strong China, more than building a city in the north, in order to adapt to the Chinese summer, the number for the square city." Press: This said Liu's for the get, cloud Eup Tu觽 less, not enough to prepare for the Qin village, Wu two passes of the road also.

Note (13) justice Jiangnan, Hong, Rao and other states, the Spring and Autumn period for the eastern territory of Chu. Surabaya, Xuzhou, Chu's northern border in the Spring and Autumn period. The two realms and neighboring Yue, said insufficient when the expedition Yue.

Note (14) Suoyin said that the king of Vietnam knows the loss of Jin, not conscious of the fault of Vietnam, as if the human eye can see the hair and not see its eyelashes, so it is called "eye theory" also.

Note (15) Xu Guang said: "a 'north of Quwo'." Justice of the land Zhi Yun: "Quwo old city in Shaanxi County, thirty-two miles west. In Dengzhou Neixiang County in the east seven miles." At that time, Quwo belonged to Wei, and Yuzhong belonged to Qin, and the two places were close to each other, so Chu surrounded it.

Note (16) Xu Guang said: "None, a 'West'."

Note (17) justice according to: no false pass when in the northwest of Changsha, Jiangnan also. It is more than a thousand miles from Quwo, Yuzhongxi to Hanzhong, Ba, Wu and Qianzhong, all of which are prepared for Qin and Jin.

Note (18) justice Lu, Yanzhou. Qi, Mizhou Ju County Eup south to Sishang also. Nanyang, Dengzhou, was also under Han at the time. The Chu and prepare these three countries also, dispersed there is a big this?

Note (19) Xu Guang said: "a 'favor'."

Note [0] Suoyin Liu cloud "the sound of speech", not also. The word "voice" is not the same as the word "situation". The word "Thought" is used as "儏", the name of Thought is the name of the Eup Eup, and the word "輻" is an error. Thought, Pang, and Changsha are also three euphonies. The following phrase, "Jingze Ling", should be "Jingling Ze". The mountains of Jingling produced wood, so there were seven zones in Chu, one of which was also covered. The above text is also the four euphonies. The first is the "Fuhu", the "Fu Fu", the "Fu Fu".

Note [2.1] Jiejie Xu Guang said: "No, a 'West'."

Note [2.2] justice said that now the north of the Yue want to □ Jin Chu, the south to restore the collateral Chu of the four euphonies, Pang, Changsha, Jingling Ze also.

Pang, Changsha out of the corn land, after Lingling Ze out of the wood land, this euphony near Changsha Tam, the realm of the Heng, the Viet Nam, if the troops peeped west through the pass without leave, then the four euphony shall not be north of the tribute to the Ying of the Chu is carried out. The Warring States period Yong, Chen, Heng, Tam, Yue, E, Jiang, Hong, Rao and is the southeast territory, belonging to the Chu also. Yuan, Ji, Piety, Fu, She, Xuan and the western border of Vietnam, belonging to the Vietnamese.

So Yue then released Qi and attacked Chu. King Wei of Chu raised an army to fight against him, defeated Yue, killed Wang Wuqiang, took all the former Wu land to Zhejiang, and defeated Qi in Xuzhou. The Vietnamese thus dispersed, the sons of the clans competed, or for the king, or for the king, Bin in the sea of Jiangnan, ② service to the Chu.

Note 1: Xu Guang said: "The forty-sixth year of King Xian of Zhou." Suoyin Note: Ji Nian □ son without Zhuanzhuang ten years after the Chu expedition to Xuzhou, no Chu defeat Yue killed no strong words, is no strong for no Zhuan after the chronicle shall not be recorded.

Note ② justice Linhai County, Taizhou is also.

Seven generations later, to Min Jun rock, the vassal Ping Qin. Emperor Gao Di of the Han Dynasty to shake for the Yue Wang, to serve the Yue Queen. The first seven generations of the king of Vietnam were the first to be appointed by Emperor Gao-Di of Han Dynasty to serve the queen of Vietnam.

Fan Li (①), the King of Yue, Juan Tram, both bitter body force, and Juan Tram more than 20 years of deep planning, and even destroyed Wu, the shame of the report of the Huiqi, the north of the soldiers in the Huai to face the Qi, Jin, the command of China, in order to honor the Zhou Dynasty, Juan Tram to the hegemony, and Fan Li said on the General. Also against the country, Fan Li thought that under the name, difficult to live for a long time, and sentence practice people can be with the same problem, difficult to live in peace, for the book resignation sentence practice said: "I heard that the Lord worried about the minister labor, the Lord insulted the minister to die. In the past, the king was humiliated in Huiji, so do not die, for this matter also.

Today both to snow shame, I please from the execution of the Huiji." Juchan said, "I will share the country with the son and have it. Otherwise, will be added to the execution of the son." Fan Li said, "If the king does the order, I will do the will." Is loaded with its light treasure jewelry and jade, since its private disciples belonging to the boat floating to the sea to travel, and finally did not reverse. Then Jiu Tramp table Huiji Mountain as Fan Li Feng Yi. ②

Note ① Jiejie Tai Shi Gong Su Wang Miao Lun said: "Li Ben Nanyang people." Lixian Chuan Yun: "Li, Xu people." Justice Wu Yue Chun Qiu Yun: "Li word less Bo, is Chu Wan three households also." Yue Jie Yun: "In Yue, he was Fan Li; in Qi, he was Oopsie Zi Pi; and in Tao, he was Zhu Gong." Another cloud: "living in Chu said Fan Bo. Said the great doctor seed: 'three kings is the seedling of the three emperors also, five Bo is the last of the five emperors also. Tianyun calendar, a thousand years to one, the yellow emperor of the yuan, the executive broken Si, the king of the gas, see in the ground household. Wu Zixu used the bow and vector to dry the king of Wu.'' Then he asked the doctor to enter Wu. At this time, Feng Tongxiang and **** warned: 'Wu Zixu in, since the remaining can not be closed.' Li said: 'The states of Wu and Yue share the same customs, and the position of the landlord is either Wu or Yue. They are for each other, and I am for me.' He went into Yue, and the king of Yue often spoke with him, and went away at the end of the day."

Note ② Suoyin Guoyu cloud "is three hundred miles around Huiji as Fan Li land". The first is a new one, but it's not a new one.

Fan Li floated out of Qi, changed his name, called himself the owl Zi Pi, ① plowing in the sea, hard work, father and son to rule the production.

Living in the city, he produced hundreds of thousands of tons of goods. Qi people heard of his wisdom, as a phase. Fan Li sighed with a sigh and said: "If you live at home, you will get thousands of gold, and if you live in the government, you will be the prime minister, and this is the extreme of the cloth. It is ominous to be honored for a long time." Is to return to the seal, scattered its wealth, to share with friends and townspeople, while carrying its treasures, idle line to go, stop in Tao, ② that the world, trading with or without the road to pass, for the life of the rich can be carried forward. So he called himself Tao Zhu Gong.

Repeatedly asked the father and son to plow animals, waste of residence, waiting for the time to turn things, by the profit of one. Dwelling without any, then to the cost of tens of thousands of tired. ③ the world called Tao Zhu Gong.

Note ① Suoyin Fan Li also said. Covered by the king of wu killed zixu and sheng to scops owl, now li since the guilty, so for the number also. Wei Zhao said "scops owl, leather bag". Or said raw cowhide.

Note ② Jiejie Xu Guang said: "today's Jiyin Dingtao." Justice Ge Zhi Yun: "Tao Mountain in Jinzhou Pingyin County, thirty-five miles east." Stop the sun of this mountain also, now five miles south of the mountain still have Zhu Gong Jiao.

Note ③ Xu Guang said: "Wan Wan also."

Zhu Gong live in Tao, gave birth to a young son. Young son and strong, and Zhu Gong in the male murder, imprisoned in Chu. Zhu Gong said: "murder and death, duty. However, I heard a thousand gold son does not die in the city." He told his youngest son to go to see him. He was loaded with a thousand pieces of gold, put them in a brown vessel, and carried them in an oxcart. He sent his youngest son to see him, and Zhu Gong's eldest son asked him to go, but Zhu Gong refused to listen to him. The eldest man said: "The eldest son of the family is said to be the family governor, now the younger brother is guilty, the adults do not send, is to leave the youngest brother, it is my ungrateful." Want to commit suicide. His mother said: "now send the youngest son, may not be able to give birth to the son also, and first empty death of the eldest male, how can I?" Zhu Gong had no choice but to send the eldest son, for a letter to the late good Zhuang Sheng. ① said: "to then into the thousands of gold in the Zhuang Sheng, listen to what they do, careful not to compete with things." Elderly men have traveled, but also selfish gift hundreds of gold.

Note ① Suoyin according to its time, not Zhuang Zhou. However, check its behavior, not Zi Huo and who can trust the king of Chu?

Justice Chronology Yun Zhou Yuan Wang four years Yue destroyed Wu Fan Li went to Qi, returned to Dingtao, after leaving Zhuang Sheng gold. Zhuang Zhou and Wei Hui Wang, * (King Yuan Zhou) * * [King Xuan Qi] * at the same time, from the King Yuan Zhou four years to the first year of King Xuan Qi one hundred and thirty years, this Zhuang Sheng is not Zhuangzi.

To Chu, Zhuang Sheng home negative Guo, Phi Quaju to the door, living very poor. However, the eldest man sent a book into the thousands of gold, as his father said. Zhuang Sheng said: "can go, careful not to stay! □ brother out, do not ask why." Changnan both go, but Zhuang Sheng and private stay, to its private offerings to the Chu State nobles with the person.

Though Zhuang Sheng lives in the poor, but with integrity known in the country, since the king of Chu below all teachers respect. And Zhu Gong into the gold, not intended to receive also, want to be accomplished after the return of the letter for the ear. Therefore, the gold to, said his wife said: "This Zhu Gong's gold. There is as sick as not stay commandments, after the return, do not move." And Zhu Gong long male do not know what it means, that there is no short and long.

Shuang Sheng idle into the king of Chu, said "a certain star, this is harmful to the Chu". The king of Chu always believe Zhuang Sheng, said: "How can I help now?" Zhuang Sheng said: "Only with the virtue of can be removed." The king of Chu said: "Sheng rest, the widow will be carried out."

The king was envoys sealed three money of the House. ① Chu nobleman surprised to tell the Zhu Gong long male said: "The king and pardon." said: "why also?" Said: "every king and pardon, often seal three money of the house. Yesterday evening the king made to make the seal." ② Zhu Gong long male thought amnesty, brother solid when out also, heavy thousands of gold virtual □ Zhuang Sheng, nothing to do also, is back to see Zhuang Sheng. Zhuang Sheng said: "If you do not go evil?" The eldest male said: "solid not also. The first for the ministry brother, brother now proposed to amnesty, so resigned to go." Zhuang Sheng knew that he wanted to get his gold again, said: "If you go into the room to get the gold." The eldest son □ from entering the room to take the gold to go, alone happy.

Note ① set to explain the state language said: "King Jing of Zhou will cast big money." Jia Kui said: "Yu, Xia, Shang, Zhou gold three, or red, or white, or yellow. Yellow is the upper coin, copper and iron is the lower coin." Wei Zhao said: "money, the name of the gold coin, so trade to buy things, through the financial use." Single Mugong Yun: "the ancient world has the mother right son, son right mother, then the three products come, ancient and so on." Gray said Chu's three money, Jia Wei said close.

Note ② or said: "King and amnesty, often seal three money of the House," the money to heavy, worry about people or reverse knowledge of the amnesty, theft, so seal the money House, prepare for theft. Han Lingdi, Hanoi Zhang Cheng can wait for the wind Angle, know that there will be pardons, teaching his son to kill, captured seven days amnesty out, this is also its type.

Zhuang Sheng ashamed of his son sold, was into the king of Chu said: "I said before a certain star thing, the king said that he wanted to repair the virtue of the report. Today, the minister out, the road all said Tao's rich Zhu Gong's son murder prisoner Chu, his family more than holding money to bribe the king around, so the king is not able to compassionate Chu and pardoned, but to Zhu Gong so also." The king of Chu was furious, said: "although the widow is not moral ear, how can the son of Zhu Gong reason and favor!" The king said: "Although I am not virtuous, how can I give favors to the son of Chu Gong so?" The king ordered to kill Chu Gong, and then pardoned him tomorrow. The first two men were killed in a fire, and the second man was killed in a fire, and the third man was killed in a fire.

To, his mother and the euphonium all mourn, only Zhu Gong only laugh, said: "I know I will kill his brother also! He is not not love his brother, Gu has some can not endure also. Is less with me, see the suffering, for life is difficult, so heavy □ wealth. As for his younger brother, he was born to see me rich, and he chased the cunning rabbit by the firm and the good, but he did not know where the money came from, and therefore he was light on it, and did not cherish it. The reason why I wanted to send my youngest son away the other day was because he was able to get money. But the elder could not, so he killed his younger brother, which is a reasonable thing to do. I have been looking forward to his funeral day and night."

Note 1: Xu Guang said: "Cunning, a 'suburb'."

Therefore, Fan Li three migrations, become famous in the world, not just go, the stop will become famous. He died in Tao, so the world said Tao Zhu Gong. ①

Note ① Zhang Hua said: "Tao Zhu Gong 頉 in south county huarong county west, tree monument cloud is the Yue of Fan Li also." Justice Sheng Hongzhi Jingzhou record cloud: "Jingzhou Huarong County, west of Tao Zhu Gong Jie, tree monument cloud is Yue Fan Li. Fan Li was Wanyuan three households, and Wen kind of people into the Yue, Wu died, since the fit Qi and end. Tao Zhu Gong ascended to immortality, I have not heard of the reason for this burial." The landmark of the cloud Tao Zhu Gong also. Another cloud: "Jinzhou Pingyin County, thirty miles east of Taoshan five miles south of the Tao Kung Jiao. And stop at the sun of Tao Mountain." According to: the burial place has two, did not specify its location.

Tai Shi Gong said: Yu's work is great, gradual nine rivers, ① fixed nine states, to the present Sichuan Ai An. And Miao Miao sentence trample, bitter body focus on thinking, the end of the strong Wu, north view of the soldiers in China, to honor the Zhou Dynasty, called the king. ② Jutian may not be called