1. Zeng Guofan

Zeng Guofan (November 26, 1811-March 12, 1872), whose first name was Zicheng, was Bo Han, whose name was Di Sheng, lived in the seventieth grandson of Saint Ceng Zi. China was a modern politician, strategist, philosopher and writer, the founder and commander-in-chief of Xiang Army.

2. Li Hongzhang

Li Hongzhang (February 15, 1823—November 7, 191), whose real name was Zhangtong, whose word was gradually fu, Zi Fu [fú], whose name was Shao Quan (one works as a Shao Quan), became a famous instrument in his later years, and his nickname was Worry, a native of Hefei, Anhui, in the late Qing Dynasty. Many people in the world call it "Li Zhongtang", so people also call it "Mr. Li Er" because of his second line.

3. Zuo Zongtang

Zuo Zongtang (November 1, 1812—September 5, 1885), Han nationality, was a farmer in Hunan with a high word season and a simple word. Hunan Xiangyin people. In the late Qing Dynasty, he was an important minister, a strategist, a politician, a famous general of Xiang Army and one of the representatives of Westernization School. Together with Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang and Zhang Zhidong, they are also called "the four famous ministers of ZTE in the late Qing Dynasty".

4. Zhang Zhidong

Zhang Zhidong (September 2, 1837—October 4, 199), whose name was Xiao Da and Xiang Tao, was called "Shuai" when he was governor, so everyone called him "Zhang Xiangshuai" at that time. A famous minister in the late Qing Dynasty and a representative of the Westernization School in the Qing Dynasty, he was born in Xingyi Prefecture, Guizhou Province, and his ancestral home was Nanpi, Zhili.

Extended information

Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo Zongtang and Zhang Zhidong were all representatives of the Westernization School during the Westernization Movement in the Qing Dynasty. The Westernization School took "learning from foreigners for self-improvement" as its main purpose and "taking learning as the body and using western learning" as its principle. The main representatives in the central government were Manchu aristocratic officials represented by Prince Gong Yixin and wen xiang.

In the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, beiyang fleet was completely annihilated, and the Westernization Movement went bankrupt. Westernization Movement took place in the special historical stage of China's modern society, which was a self-help movement of failed feudal rulers. The objective of Westernization School is to maintain feudal rule rather than lead China to capitalism.

It didn't make China rich and strong, but it introduced advanced western science and technology, which made the first batch of modern enterprises appear in China. The Westernization Movement accumulated production experience for modern enterprises in China, cultivated technical strength, objectively promoted the emergence and development of Chinese national capitalism, and paved the way for the modernization of China.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Zeng Guofan

Baidu Encyclopedia-Li Hongzhang

Baidu Encyclopedia-Zuo Zongtang

Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhang Zhidong

Baidu Encyclopedia-Westernization Movement