Open classification of Sophora japonica: plants, Leguminosae, deciduous trees, Sophora japonica, cold-tolerant plant species name: Sophora japonica. Other names: Sophora japonica, Sophora japonica: Leguminosae: Sophora japonica is distributed in northern China and is now cultivated in various parts of China. Common North China Plain and Loess Plateau can grow at an altitude of1000 m.. Morphological characteristics of deciduous trees, up to 25 meters, DBH 1.5 meters. Sophora japonica has large spherical crown, dense branches and leaves, long flowering period and green shade. Dry skin is dark gray, branchlets are green and lenticels are obvious. The buds are blue-purple. The flowers are bisexual, terminal, butterfly-shaped, pale yellow-green, flowering in July-August, and fruit ripening in June. The pods are fleshy and beaded, and do not crack after drying. They often hang on the treetops and don't fall in winter. 1000-grain weight 125g, about 8000 grains per kilogram, and the germination rate is 70-85%. Seed germination can be maintained for more than 2-3 years in dry storage. Variety: (1) Sophora japonica: Branchlets are bent and drooping, and the crown is umbrella-shaped, which is often planted in gardens. (2) Sophora japonica: 15- 17 lobules with blue-gray filiform pubescence; The wing petals and dragon bone petals of flowers are often purple, and the flowering period is the latest. (3) Sophora flavescens: 3-5 lobules are clustered, the terminal lobule is often 3-lobed, and the lower part of the lateral lobule is often larger. Growth habits are cold-resistant, sunny, slightly shade-resistant, not resistant to moisture and drought, poor growth in low-lying stagnant water, deep roots, lax requirements on soil, and relatively barren, and lime and mild saline-alkali soil (salt content is about 0. 15%) can also grow normally. But it is best to grow on wet, fertile, deep and well-drained sand. Resistant to smoke and dust, and can adapt to urban street environment. There are not many pests and diseases. Long service life and strong anti-tobacco poison ability. Landscape use: the characteristic tree species commonly used in courtyards in China. Fast growth, hard texture, elasticity, straight texture, easy processing, corrosion resistance, flower buds can be used as dyes, pulp can be used as medicine, seeds can be used as feed and so on. It is also a windbreak and sand fixation, timber and economic forest tree species, and is a good shade tree and street tree species in urban and rural areas. Sophora japonica is one of the traditional tree species in courtyard greening, China, which is full of national feelings. The five-leaf Sophora japonica leaves are unique in shape, just like thousands of green butterflies perched on trees, which is a spectacle and should be planted separately. Propagation and cultivation mainly includes sowing and propagation, and can also be cutting. Spring sowing, because the seed coat has a fence layer closely combined with cells, has poor water permeability. Before sowing, the seeds were soaked in water with an initial temperature of 85-90 degrees for 24 hours, and the remaining hard particles were treated 1-2 times. Seeds can be sown when they absorb water and swell. The row spacing of drilling is 20-25cm, the thickness of soil cover is 1.5-2cm, the sowing amount per mu is 8- 10kg, and it will be unearthed in 7- 10 days, so as to prevent the trunk from bending. Generally, there are 6-8 seedlings per meter, and the annual seedlings are as high as1m. You can also transplant seedlings in centralized nutrition pots in early spring. Sophora japonica has strong germination ability. If the cultivated seedlings form a good dry shape, they can be cut off in the early spring of the following year to increase the row spacing. When the seedlings were 3-4 meters high, the trunk was straight, thick and smooth. This species is a poisonous plant included in China Botanical Atlas Database, and its toxicity is poisonous to flowers, leaves, stem bark and pods. People who eat flowers and leaves have swollen face, hot skin and itching. Leaves and pods can also stimulate gastrointestinal mucosa, leading to colic and diarrhea. Fruit shell extract can cause dyspnea in mice and rats. Sophora japonica is cool and bitter, and has the functions of clearing away heat and blood, clearing liver and purging fire to stop bleeding. Contains rutin, quercetin, sophoridiol, vitamin A and other substances. Rutin can improve the function of capillaries, maintain the normal resistance of capillaries, and prevent bleeding, hypertension and diabetes caused by excessive fragility and permeability of capillaries. Open classification of Sophora japonica: traditional Chinese medicine, medicinal materials, Sophora japonica in May, which is as fragrant and sweet as snow! In the fragrance season of Sophora japonica in May, the fragrance is refreshing, so during the May Day holiday, we might as well go to the game farmhouse to see Sophora japonica: when it is in bud, it is hidden in a light green, with pure white and charming purple, which makes people unable to help picking a bunch, holding it in their hands and holding it in their mouths. Strolling through the forest path and resting on the stone bench, a fragrance wafts with the wind, which is refreshing. When Sophora japonica enters its full bloom, it is not only fragrant, but also people can pick Sophora japonica, eat Sophora japonica cakes and hold a Sophora japonica banquet. Looking at this budding Sophora japonica, are you a little relaxed and happy? Enjoy the beauty of nature! Sophora japonica is a leguminous plant, so Sophora japonica is exactly the same as all kinds of beans, but it just blooms on trees. Every summer, when the flower season comes, the branches are blue and white, and the fallen flowers are scattered all over the floor. It is said that the green of military uniforms used to be dyed with Sophora japonica. Sophora japonica also bears beans, called Sophora japonica. After the leaves fall in winter, clusters of Sophora japonica trees are also conspicuously hung on the trees. Sophora japonica can be used as medicine and made into Sophora japonica pills. Many areas in China have the habit of steaming Sophora japonica. In fact, Sophora japonica is not only edible, but also a good medicine. Sophora japonica is cool and bitter, and it is a commonly used medicine to treat hematochezia. Used for haemorrhoid hemorrhage, hematochezia, dysentery and hematemesis and epistaxis caused by blood heat. Contains rutin, quercetin, sophoridiol, vitamin A and other substances. Rutin can improve the function of capillaries, maintain the normal resistance of capillaries, and prevent bleeding, hypertension and diabetes caused by excessive fragility and permeability of capillaries. Characteristic Sophora japonica is shriveled and curled, and its petals are scattered. Calyx completely campanulate, yellow-green, apex 5-lobed; 5 petals, yellow or yellow-white, 1 larger, nearly round, slightly concave at the apex, and the other 4 petals are oblong. Stamens 10, 9 of which are United at the base, and filaments are slender. Pistil cylindrical, curved. Lightweight. Odorless, slightly bitter. Sophora japonica is oval, 2 ~ 6mm long and 2mm in diameter. There are several longitudinal stripes on the lower part of calyx. Above the calyx are yellow and white unopened petals. Pedicel is very small. Light weight, it will break when twisted by hand. Tasteless and slightly bitter. Sexual taste, bitter menstruation, slightly cold. Liver and large intestine meridians entered. Indications: cooling blood to stop bleeding, clearing liver and purging fire. Used for hematochezia, hemorrhoid, bloody dysentery, metrorrhagia, hematemesis, epistaxis, liver fire, red eyes, headache and dizziness. Store in a dry place, moisture-proof and moth-proof. The English name FLOS Sophora japonica is also known as Golden Medicine Tree, Nursery Tree, Sophora japonica and Sophora japonica. This product is the dried flower and bud of Sophora japonica, a leguminous plant. Harvest in summer when flowers bloom or buds form, dry in time, and remove branches, stems and impurities. The former is called "Sophora japonica" and the latter is called "Sophora japonica". Production method of Sophora japonica: remove impurities and dust. Stir-fry Sophora japonica: take clean Sophora japonica and stir-fry it according to the clear-frying method (Appendix II D) until the surface is dark yellow. Charcoal of Sophora japonica L.: Wash Sophora japonica L. and fry it according to the charcoal frying method (Appendix II D) until the surface is brown. Characteristic Sophora japonica: this product shrinks and curls, and the petals are scattered. Calyx completely campanulate, yellow-green, apex 5-lobed; 5 petals, yellow or yellow-white, 1 larger, nearly round, slightly concave at the apex, and the other 4 petals are oblong. Stamens 10, 9 of which are United at the base, and filaments are slender. Pistil cylindrical, curved. Lightweight. Odorless, slightly bitter. Sophora japonica: oval or oval, 2 ~ 6 mm long and 2 ~ 6 mm in diameter. There are several longitudinal stripes on the lower part of calyx. Above the calyx are yellow and white unopened petals. Pedicel is very small. Light weight, it will break when twisted by hand. Tasteless and slightly bitter. Identification (1) The powder of this product is yellow-green. Pollen grains are spherical or obtuse triangle with a diameter of 14 ~ 19 μ m and three germination holes. Non-glandular hair is 1 ~ 3 cells, 86 ~ 660μ m long, with irregular stomata and 4 ~ 8 accessory cells. Calcium oxalate crystals are rare. (2) Take 0.65438 0 g powder of this product, add 65438±00ml ethanol, heat for 5min, and filter. Take 1ml filtrate, and add a small amount of magnesium powder and 2 ~ 3 drops of hydrochloric acid to obtain cherry red. (3) Take 0.2g of this product powder, add 5ml of methanol, plug it, shake it evenly for 65438 00 minutes, let it stand for 65438 00 minutes, filter it, and take the filtrate as the test solution. Another rutin reference substance was added together with methanol to prepare a solution containing 4 mg of reference substance solution per 1 ml. According to the thin-layer chromatography test (appendix ⅵ b), absorb 65438 00μ l of each of the above two solutions, respectively spot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use ethyl acetate-formic acid-water (8: 1: 1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, spray aluminum trichloride test solution, and evaporate ethanol. In the chromatogram of the test sample, fluorescent spots with the same color appear in the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the control sample. Preparation of reference substance solution for content determination Accurately weigh 200mg of rutin reference substance dried to constant weight under reduced pressure at 65438 020℃, put it in a 65438±000ml volumetric flask, add 70ml of methanol, dissolve in water bath with slight heat, cool, add methanol to the scale and shake well. Accurately suck 10ml, put it in a 100ml volumetric flask, add water to the scale, and shake well to get the product (containing 0.2mg of anhydrous rutin per 1ml). Preparation of standard curve Accurately measure 0ml, 1.0ml, 2.0ml, 3.0ml, 4.0ml, 5.0ml and 6.0ml of control solutions, put them in 25ml volumetric flasks, add water to 6ml, add 1ml 5% sodium nitrite solution, mix well, stand for 6 minutes, and add/kloc. Add 65438±00ml sodium hydroxide test solution, then add water to the scale, shake well, let stand for 65438 05 minutes, determine the absorbance at 500nm wavelength by spectrophotometry (Appendix ⅴ b), and draw a standard curve with absorbance as the ordinate and concentration as the abscissa. Determination method: Take about 65438 0 g of crude powder of this product, dry it at 60℃ for 6 hours, weigh it accurately, put it in Soxhlet extractor, add 65438±020ml of ether, heat and reflux until the extract is colorless, let it cool, and discard the ether solution. Add 90ml of methanol, heat and reflux until the extract is colorless, transfer to a 100ml volumetric flask, wash the container with a small amount of methanol, combine the washing solutions into the volumetric flask, add methanol to the scale, and shake well. Accurately measure 100ml, put it in a 100ml volumetric flask, add water to the scale, and shake well. Accurately measure 3ml, put it in a 25ml volumetric flask, and determine the absorbance according to the method under the standard curve preparation, starting from "adding water to 6ml". Read the weight (μg) of rutin in the test solution from the standard curve and calculate it. After drying at 60℃ for 6 hours, the rutin content (C27H30O 16) should not be lower than 8.0% and 20.0% of Sophora japonica. Bitter and slightly cold. Liver and large intestine meridians entered. Function: cooling blood to stop bleeding, clearing liver and purging fire. Used for hematochezia, hemorrhoid, bloody dysentery, metrorrhagia, hematemesis, epistaxis, liver fire, red eyes, headache and dizziness. Usage and dosage 5 ~ 9g. Store in a dry place, moisture-proof and moth-proof. Extracted from China Pharmacopoeia, several therapeutic prescriptions of Sophora japonica were introduced: 4 grams of raw rhubarb, 30 grams of Sophora japonica, 0/5 grams of honey/kloc-and 2 grams of green tea. [Method] First, remove impurities from raw rhubarb, wash it, dry it in the sun or dry it in the sun, cut it into pieces, put it in a casserole, add appropriate amount of water, boil it for 5 minutes, and then remove the residue and leave juice for later use. Put Sophora japonica and tea leaves in a pot, add appropriate amount of water, boil, pour in raw rhubarb decoction, leave the fire, cool slightly, and mix well with honey while it is hot. Usage: Take it twice in the morning and evening. The effect of clearing heat and cooling blood. The dietotherapy prescription is suitable for hematochezia caused by patients with colorectal cancer and hematochezia after cancer surgery. Portulaca oleracea Sophora japonica porridge is made of fresh Portulaca oleracea100g, Sophora japonica 30g, japonica rice100g and brown sugar 20g. Method 】 First, fresh purslane was picked, washed, blanched in boiling water pot, fished out, packed and cut into pieces for later use. Sorting Flos Sophorae Immaturus, cleaning, air drying or sun drying, and grinding into fine powder for later use. Wash the japonica rice, put it in a casserole, add some water, and boil it over high fire. When the porridge is ready, add the fine powder of Sophora japonica, the crushed purslane and brown sugar, and then simmer until it boils. Usage: Take it twice in the morning and evening. The effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, cooling blood and stopping bleeding. This dietotherapy prescription is suitable for hematochezia and scarlet caused by patients with colorectal cancer. Sanguisorba Sophora japonica honey beverage raw materials Sanguisorba 60g, Sophora japonica 30g and honey 30g. Methods: First, clean the dug Sanguisorba officinalis, or buy it from a Chinese pharmacy, remove impurities, cut into pieces, put it into a casserole, add appropriate amount of water, decoct it twice, each time for 40 minutes, combine the concentrated decoctions, put it back into the casserole, add Sophora japonica, add water as needed, decoct it with strong fire for 65,438+00 minutes, filter it with clean gauze, remove residues, collect the filtrate, put it into a container, and add water after it is warm. Usage: Take it twice in the morning and evening. The effects of clearing away heat and cooling blood, resisting cancer and stopping bleeding. This diet prescription is suitable for cervical cancer and vaginal bleeding. The raw materials of Sophora japonica porridge in the two places are 30g of radix rehmanniae, 30g of cortex Lycii, 30g of Sophora japonica and 30g of japonica rice. Methods: Rehmannia glutinosa, Cortex Lycii and Flos Sophorae Immaturus were washed, decocted in water, dregs were removed, juice was taken, and cooked with japonica rice to make porridge. Usage: daily 1 time, and can be taken continuously for 3-5 days. Clearing heat and consolidating menstruation. Used for menorrhagia, dark red or purplish red menstrual blood, sticky mass and abdominal pain. Upset and thirsty, yellow urine, red tongue, yellow fur and slippery pulse. Steamed fish with Sophora japonica 15g, 7 shallots, 20g purple garlic, 500g crucian carp or carp, and appropriate amount of ginger, salt and cooking wine. Method: Wash the fish, remove scales, gills and viscera, obliquely cut the fish for 3-5 knives, put it in a casserole, add onion, ginger, garlic, salt, cooking wine and appropriate amount of water, and steam for 20 minutes with slow fire. Then add the washed Sophora japonica, add a little monosodium glutamate and sesame oil, and you can eat. Efficacy: This therapeutic prescription is mainly for clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, and has a good effect on patients with psoriasis vulgaris with red papules covered with layers of silver scales, thirst and constipation, yellow and greasy fur and accumulation of damp heat.