Food provides energy for the body and we should control our diet according to the energy needed. The three main nutrients that provide energy are: carbohydrates, proteins and fats. These three foods provide energy to the body in different forms and can also be converted into each other in the body. The ideal composition ratio is: protein foods account for 15% to 20%, fatty foods account for 20% to 30%, and carbohydrates account for 50% to 60%.
No single food can contain all the nutrients, and complete nutrition can only be achieved through the mixing of a variety of foods. Foods that should be eaten daily include four major categories.
The first category: cereals and potatoes such as rice, white flour and corn.
The second category: fruits and vegetables.
The third category: meat, eggs, milk, beans.
The fourth category: fats and oils.
The main food should be a combination of coarse and fine grains, and the side dishes should be a combination of meat and vegetables, do not pick food, do not eat.
What should be noted in the diet of diabetic patients
Daily diet should pay attention to the following aspects.
1. Avoid sweets
Avoid sugar and sugary foods, because such foods are absorbed by the body very quickly and can easily lead to a rise in blood sugar. For example: candies, sweets, granulated sugar, icing sugar, honey; Chinese and Western sweet snacks, sweet cookies and pastries; condensed milk, soft drinks, bread, fruit-flavored drinks in a bottle; sweetened wheat extract or chocolate drinks; canned fruits or dried fruits with sugar.
2. Reduce high-fat and high-cholesterol foods
Reduce high-fat and high-cholesterol foods. Because high blood fat and high cholesterol is one of the causes of cardiovascular disease, diabetics
need to pay special attention.
(1) High-fat food: fat beef, bologna, bacon; canned meat, luncheon meat, back to the pot meat; lard, chicken fat, butter.
(2) High cholesterol foods: egg yolk, cuttlefish, animal offal; shrimp, crab, oyster.
(3) Drinking milk: low-fat or skimmed milk can be used.
3. Choose more high-fiber foods
Eat high-fiber and starchy foods in moderation, such as bread, steamed buns, rice, rice flour, noodles, wheat bran, millet, fruits, vegetables and so on.
4. Cooking should be appropriate
(1) choose food should be more chicken, lean meat and fish.
(2) Fatty meat should be cut off before cooking, and chicken skin should be removed.
(3) Avoid using a lot of seasonings and oil.
(4) Steaming, boiling, broiling and other cooking methods are preferred to reduce frying.
(5) Use non-stick cookware to reduce the amount of oil used.
(6) Seasoning to light, less salt for the principle, can be used spices or ingredients such as ginger, onion, garlic, dashi, etc. to increase the taste of food.
(7) Avoid flavoring with a lot of sugar and add a small amount of flavoring if needed.
(8) Because restaurant food is greasy and high in fat, you should eat out less often.
5. Eat regularly, eat less, eat more
(1) Eating regularly and avoiding randomly increasing or decreasing the amount of food is the only way to stabilize blood glucose.
(2) Eat less and more meals, including breakfast, lunch and dinner, can be added between meals and before going to bed, in order to reduce the chance of hypoglycemia due to medication, especially for patients who inject insulin.
"Reference Book, Diabetes Daily Diet for Health"