Horseshoe foot is a medical term, one of the signs of orthopedic surgery. Observe the shape of the foot when the patient stands and walks, if you see the patient standing with the tip of the foot on the ground, and the heel hanging in the air, shaped like a horseshoe, walking in the free foot period the tip of the foot can't be lifted, often kicking the ground to walk, the tip of the foot first and the foot followed by the ground. Examination shows that the anterior part of the foot has obvious plantarflexion, often combined with concave foot, shortening of the Achilles tendon, and the foot can not be dorsiflexed at all, which is known as horseshoe foot. This sign can be seen in congenital deformity, spina bifida, poliomyelitis sequelae, spastic paralysis of the lower limbs, polyneuritis, ankle joint disease, long-term bedridden patients and lower limb fracture improperly fixed.

Horseshoe foot is the most common bone and joint deformity in newborns, occurring at a rate of 1/1,000. the cause of horseshoe foot is not clear, and the most likely cause is genetic disruption. The chances of a second child having clubfoot are about 1 in 30.Clubfoot is not an embryonic malformation, and the evolution from normal foot to clubfoot usually occurs during the fourth to sixth month of pregnancy. Horseshoe feet are rarely seen on ultrasound in fetuses before 16 weeks. Therefore, like congenital hip dysplasia and congenital scoliosis, clubfoot is a developmental malformation.