Fritillaria fuciformis is the main source of commercial pine shell, the mainstream variety of pine shell, with the best quality. It is mainly sold in East China and South China, and exported. It is mainly produced in Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. The name of pine shell was named after Songzhou in the past. Songzhou, a famous historical city in Sichuan Province, is a famous border town in history and is called "the gateway to western Sichuan". The history of Gu Song contains "Bound Minling, Controlling the Source of the River, Neighboring Helong to the left and Kangzang to the right", and the historical Songzhou Prefecture includes Aba Prefecture now; Another view is that the names of Fritillaria cirrhosa plants are different at different growth stages, and the commercial names of the collected medicinal materials are also different. Generally, for 1~3 years, only one leaf or two leaves grow, and their plants are called single streamer and double streamer respectively. At this time, the collected Fritillaria cirrhosa is called pine scallop.

In the new edition of Pharmacopoeia, two species of Fritillaria cirrhosa are added, but the trade names are not added. However, as soon as the cultivated varieties of general wild Chinese medicinal materials appear, new specifications and standards will be formed between the original wild varieties and the cultivated varieties, and new commodity attributes will appear. Just like ginseng, wild ginseng is the most expensive, followed by forest ginseng and garden ginseng.

It can be predicted that in the near future, the commodity attribute of wild Fritillaria cirrhosa used as raw materials will be replaced by its cultivated varieties, and the sales market of Fritillaria cirrhosa, especially pine shells, has developed into retail-oriented, with little feeding. With the scarcity of wild pine shell resources, it is an inevitable choice for pine shell to take the route of high-quality health products.

Qingbei

Fritillaria cirrhosa is the main source of commercial mussels, mainly produced in Tibet, Yunnan and Sichuan. Regarding the name of mussel, the first statement is that Fritillaria Gansu is also the main source variety of mussel, among which the one produced in Qinghai is called mussel; Secondly, in Yunnan Province, Gongshan Dulong Nu Autonomous County is rich in Fritillaria. Because the Fritillaria produced here is blue, it is called green shellfish. The third argument is that due to different growth stages, the names of Fritillaria cirrhosa plants are different, and the commercial names of the collected medicinal materials are also different. Generally, in 4~5 years, plants grow from the center of bulbs, and there are three kinds of plant names: they are called tree sons in the non-flowering stage, and they are called lantern flowers in the flowering stage. As a result, they are called gossip hammers, and the collected Fritillaria cirrhosa at this time is called green shellfish. Green mussels are mainly produced in Gansu, Qinghai and Sichuan, mainly sold in East China and South China, and exported.

Lubei

Fritillaria fusiforme is the main source of commercial furnace shell, which is named furnace shell because Sichuan products are mostly distributed in Kangding (formerly known as arrow furnace), mainly produced in Sichuan and Yunnan; Because there are brown spots on the surface, like "tiger skin spots", it is also called "tiger skin shells". The main pin of furnace shell is North China.

Fritillaria Taibai

Fritillaria Taibai, also known as Taibei and Qinbei, is named after it is mainly produced in Taibai Mountain in Qinling Mountains. It is a local specialty in Shaanxi Province, and has a long history of medicinal use. It is recorded in the local standards of Chinese herbal medicines, such as Sichuan Chinese herbal medicine standard, Gansu Chinese herbal medicine quality standard and Shaanxi Chinese herbal medicine. In the 1970s, Fritillaria Taibai was introduced to Sichuan and other places. Because of its strong adaptability and wide distribution, Fritillaria Taibai is a good product suitable for domestic cultivation. Since 1983, the technology of wild Fritillaria Taibai has been successful. With the maturity of cultivation technology, it has been widely planted in Chongqing, Shaanxi, Hubei, Gansu and Sichuan.

Fritillaria wabuensis

Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae is mainly produced in Maoxian, Heishui and other places in Aba Prefecture, and has been used as Fritillaria Cirrhosae for a long time. It is a related species of Fritillaria Cirrhosae. Because of its large bulb, it is also called "garlic shell". It was discovered and named in Waboliangzi Township, Aba Prefecture in 1962. After testing, its composition is very close to other varieties of Fritillaria cirrhosa collected in Pharmacopoeia, and its content is high. At the same time, it is easier to survive, grow faster and have higher yield than other varieties.

Fritillaria cirrhosa is one of the most representative rare and endangered medicinal materials in Sichuan, and it is also one of the 29 national key protected plant medicinal materials listed in the Regulations on the Protection of Wild Medicinal Resources. Due to the over-exploitation of wild Fritillaria cirrhosa, Fritillaria cirrhosa, Fritillaria Gansu and Fritillaria ammodendron, which are the main varieties of traditional Fritillaria cirrhosa, are rare in commodities, and the production area of Fritillaria viola has gradually shrunk from Songpan County and Hongyuan County in Aba Prefecture to Zoige Prairie. The successful cultivation of Fritillaria wakamii is of great practical significance for the protection of the existing Fritillaria cirrhosa resources and ecological environment.