Not afraid of all antibiotics, a super-strong enzyme, there have been fatal cases, and non-communicable diseases are not incurable.
The British government issued a warning about superbugs and the main reasons for the opinions of domestic experts on clinical surgery and plastic surgery. The way of communication, the preventive measures of Japan and China, and the form of communication.
Belgian, British, Australian, French and Taiwan Province explanations.
How to deal with the harm and who is the culprit?
India protests: How did the superbug named "New Delhi" become an infected case? Edit this generation of superbugs.
[1] Diseases caused by germs are no longer a fatal threat to human beings [2]. Every infectious disease can be treated with antibiotics, and the effect is very good, but this is before antibiotics are abused. About 50% of antibiotics in the world are abused every year, and the proportion in China is even close to 80%. It is precisely because of drug abuse that bacteria quickly adapted to the environment of antibiotics, and various superbugs were born one after another. In the past, a patient could live with dozens of units of penicillin, but now millions of units of penicillin have no effect on the same condition. Because of the infection caused by drug-resistant bacteria, antibiotics could not be controlled, which eventually led to the death of patients. In the 1960s, the number of people who died of infectious diseases worldwide was about 7 million each year, and this number rose to 20 million at the beginning of this century. The number of people who died of septicemia increased by 89%, and most of them died of drug use difficulties caused by super bacteria. People tried to find a new drug to overcome superbugs, but it didn't work. Moreover, with the worldwide awareness of antibiotic abuse gradually reaching * * *, the status and role of antibiotics have been questioned and strictly managed. At the same time as the spread of bacteria, the research and development of antibiotics has gradually stagnated. Without antibiotics, a once powerful weapon, people began to look for inspiration to fight diseases from simple treatments in the past. Looking for a healthy and natural therapy to resist the attack of super bacteria with human immunity has become a new understanding of diseases for many people.
Edit the discovery of superbugs in this paragraph.
Case discovery
On a blackboard in Staunton River School, the words "I miss Aston" are written. Aston, a student aged 17, died of MRSA bacteria called "superbacteria". MRSA infection is spreading in America. It causes 90 thousand people to be seriously infected every year, so the death toll even exceeds AIDS. Billy Weiss, director of the Bedford County Campus in Virginia, decided to close all 265,438+0 schools in the county. June 65438+10/October 65438+June 2007, students from Staunton River High School took him to his school, so that he could see for himself how many bacteria were bred in this school. The local people fell into panic, and many people sneaked home at work, sprayed the walls with disinfectant and cleaned the rooms to eliminate bacteria. On the same day, the United States issued a MRSA proliferation warning. Five or six states, including Mississippi, North Carolina, Florida and California, have found that students and athletes are infected with MRSA. Microscopic "superbug" NDM- 1
Zhang Lei, an international student at Boston University, saw a warning on the Massachusetts government website that the bacteria can be infected through skin and tableware. Three and a half years ago, Zhang Lei was deeply impressed by the panic caused by SARS. But this time the people around her surprised her. No one in the supermarket snapped up gloves and disinfectant, and even hand sanitizer could not sell a few bottles a day. Football players still run around with injuries, kissing girls, and everything is calm. People are surprised at Zhang Lei's problems. MRSA？ This is the job of experts. Most infected people are also in the hospital. The neighbor's old lady watered the flowers leisurely and said casually, "I heard that the risk of MRSA infection is much smaller than obesity." James Walcott doesn't think so. He can only lie on the sofa most of the time, and even has difficulty playing with children. When you lie in bed at night and need to move your left leg, you must lift it by hand, and sometimes push it directly with your right leg. It all started two years ago, when he came to the hospital for surgery because of his dislocated knee, but MRSA invaded his body through the titanium nail left in his knee after the operation, and the necrotic muscle almost paralyzed him. In the United States, nearly 654.38 million people meet MRSA in hospitals every year like Walcott. MRSA is a drug-resistant bacteria, which is short for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. MRSA was first discovered in England in 196 1. Its pathogenic mechanism is the same as that of common Staphylococcus aureus, but the danger is that it does not respond to most antibiotics and will cause fatal inflammation after infecting the weak population. In hospitals, "dirty white coats" are notorious. At present, Staphylococcus aureus is the main pathogen of nosocomial infection. People bring all kinds of cocci from outside, attach them to doctors and nurses' white coats, and follow them everywhere, sometimes on surgical instruments, and sometimes directly on patients. The probability of MRSA infection in hospital is 6.5438+0.7 million times that of infection outside hospital. The biggest headache for doctors is that because MRSA is resistant to most antibiotics, the time required for patients to cure will be extended indefinitely, and eventually they will die of pneumonia. Fortunately, so far, this multi-drug resistant superbug is still only spread in hospitals. "Ordinary people only know that MRSA in hospitals is a big problem, but they don't know that all professionals who come into contact with MRSA are afraid because we have no medicine to deal with it." A staff member of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said, "What if it walks out of the hospital?" The Centers for Disease Control in Atlanta monitors every move in the bacterial world. It is the "shadow cabinet" of the bacterial world, and it has countless eyes and ears everywhere. Although CDC agents basically don't wear cool "black super", there are many tricks of 007-fluorescent gene detection agent, electrophoresis instrument and microscope for intelligence, and various antibiotics for sterilization. Huge spy networks spread all over the States and counties of the United States, monitoring universities, communities, hospitals and laboratories. Once the new weapons in the bacterial world are released, their battle plans will be submitted to CDC executives by a special intelligence network. 1July, 976, the CDC became famous overnight. A group of veterans gathered at a Philadelphia hotel suddenly developed symptoms similar to pneumonia, such as high fever, cough and general weakness. This unknown disease killed 34 people and spread to the whole country with the demobilization of veterans. The story made the front page of the media, and people everywhere fell into panic. Soon, the White House and Congress could not sit still. The president personally ordered the CDC to be responsible for the whole process, and mobilized health institutions at all levels in the whole Federation to monitor the development of the epidemic. All kinds of information and analysis from all over the world are flying to the CDC like snowflakes, which really smacks of all the people being soldiers. Finally, this "legionnaires' disease" strain was successfully isolated by CDC, and more effective antibiotics were used to deal with the disease. This antibiotic is the famous erythromycin. Since then, erythromycin has been used as a powerful weapon to treat bacterial infections. However, in the spring of 1992, the CDC received the information that erythromycin met with a strong enemy. In rural Wisconsin, NAC-A, a small clinic in an indigenous community, found that 20 patients suffered from the same disease: first, blisters and boils appeared on the skin, and soon abscess appeared beside the pharynx, and the muscles that discharged pus died quickly, followed by symptoms of pneumonia and dying. The epidemic spread rapidly to 24 surrounding communities, and sporadic cases broke out until 1999. Doctors at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that erythromycin treatment was ineffective against this pathogen. This year, the CDC issued an early warning to the whole country: a terrible killer finally escaped from prison and lurked into the general population. This is the masterpiece of MRSA's twin brother, Community Acquired MRSA(CA-MRSA). Its origin remains a mystery. The researchers found that CA-MRSA has a different genetic background from MRSA in hospitals, and it will infect healthy people who have no contact with hospitals for a short time. Unlike MRSA in hospitals, CA-MRSA is not multidrug-resistant, usually only resistant to one or two antibiotics, and most of them can be killed by vancomycin. 1997, another variant of CA-MRSA was found in new york, which carries a strong toxin encoded by a gene called PVL. This is a peptide, which is a compound formed by amino acids. It will cause the explosion of immune cells called neutrophils, destroy the main defense force against infection, and quickly destroy the lungs within 24 hours, leading to death. Similar varieties are 17. Their appearance means that the MRSA family began to walk out of the hospital and start killing people. Prisons, gymnasiums and other places have become new bases for CA-MRSA infection, and pathogens have spread rapidly in Britain and the United States, and there is a trend of spreading to the whole world. Brazilian officials announced on the 20th that a new superbug, drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC), has been discovered in 0/6 public and private medical institutions in China. Although it is different from the name of the superbug "NDM- 1", which originated in India this year, it is also a super drug-resistant bacterium. All antibiotics have failed. At present, this bacterium has killed at least 15 people in Brazil, with 135 confirmed cases. The authorities are stepping up research on countermeasures to prevent the situation from expanding. The Brazilian Ministry of Health pointed out that even carbapenem antibiotics, regarded as the last line of defense, have no effect on the drug-resistant bacteria "Klebsiella pneumoniae", and the number of infected people has surged in the past few weeks. The failure of the ace of carbapenem antibiotics means that some Klebsiella pneumoniae have also been upgraded to "superbugs", which are as powerful as the recently popular "NDM- 1" and invincible to all antibiotics. According to the Brazilian Ministry of Health, patients who have just had surgery or have low immunity are at high risk of being infected with this bacteria. According to American media reports, this kind of bacteria has been found in hospitals in more than 20 States in the United States, especially in critically ill patients. Fishman, president of the American Association of Health Epidemiologists, said that Tel Aviv, Israel, is also dealing with the bacteria.
gene mutation
It is reported that this new "superbug" was discovered by experts who studied superbugs in patients in the intensive care unit in Hangzhou, China this year. In fact, all "superbugs" are mutated from ordinary bacteria. It is also because of the abuse of antibiotics that bacterial genes mutate, thus producing "superbugs". Besides taking medicine and injections, there are also many antibiotics in the chicken, duck and fish we eat. Because they are fed antibiotics during their growth, the bacteria that attack them may mutate. When the mutant bacteria attack humans again, humans can't resist. As a result, the new drugs developed are getting shorter and shorter. Of course, most Klebsiella pneumoniae has not mutated, and most antibiotics are still effective against it.
autoimmunization
Autoimmunity is the best weapon. In fact, people usually attach a lot of bacteria. But as long as they are healthy and have strong resistance, these bacteria have no possibility of making waves. To stop the super bacteria from raging, the main battlefield is in the hospital, because there are people with the weakest resistance there. In response to the superbug incident, the Brazilian government appealed to people to remember to disinfect and wash their hands as long as they enter and leave medical places, and do the most basic personal hygiene protection to avoid the continuous spread of bacteria. Experts appeal that the key to prevent more bacteria from mutating into superbugs lies in the rational use of antibiotics in all aspects of society, frequent washing of hands by ordinary people, cultivation of good living habits and improvement of immunity. Autoimmunity is the best weapon against superbugs.
Edit this paragraph. Superbugs are in China.
test result
[4] Three NDM 1 gene positive bacteria, commonly known as superbugs, were detected by China CDC and China Academy of Military Medical Sciences. Among them, two strains of bacteria were sent for inspection by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Ningxia Autonomous Region, and the strains were isolated from two samples of neonatal feces in a hospital in this area; The other strain was sent for inspection by a hospital in Fujian Province, and was isolated from the specimen of an elderly inpatient in the hospital. The MRSA infection rate in China is also rising. MRSA infection in Shanghai hospitals accounted for only 5% of Staphylococcus aureus infection in 1970s, rising from 1994 to 50%~77.9% in 1996, and reaching 80%~90% in 2006. Although the fatal CA-MRSA variant has not yet appeared in China, MRSA cases have developed multiple resistance to antibiotics such as penicillins, erythromycin and cephalosporins. 20 10 10 Voice of China "Chaoguang News" reported that the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention just reported three cases of super drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria infection today (26th), including one death 1 case. With the impeccable armor of "immunity to antibiotics", MRSA quickly surpassed hepatitis B and AIDS, ranking first among the three most intractable infectious diseases in the world. What causes this superbug to be immune to antibiotics?
Four characteristics
Analysis 1: No absolutely effective drugs have been found at present. Xiao Yonghong said that although the Ministry of Health had previously issued a guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of NMD 1 infection, a careful study of this guideline found that it was "possibly effective" rather than absolutely effective, and emphasized the combined use of two or more drugs. "We can only choose some drugs that are relatively likely to be effective according to clinical judgment, which brings great difficulties to correct medication." Xiao Yonghong said that some people doubt whether there is a super antibiotic that can respond quickly to NMD 1, but there is definitely no such antibiotic at present. He also said that among the three cases of NMD 1 reported by the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, two children sent stool samples due to diarrhea, and it was found that Enterococcus faecalis was carrying NMD 1, not Escherichia coli detected in India. From a clinical point of view, this is not as significant as Escherichia coli. Analysis 2: It must be recognized that antibiotics have two sides. Xiao Yonghong and other experts have the same view on why the so-called super bacteria are produced: the extensive use of antibiotics leads to the continuous accumulation of bacterial drug resistance. He said that the public must realize that antibiotics have two sides and must be used reasonably. Xiao Yonghong said that the rumor that Wyeth Company may exaggerate NMD 1 in order to promote its own drugs may be minimal. He said that the research on drug resistance did not suddenly emerge this year, and the international medical community has been paying attention to it. In addition, in the paper published in The Lancet magazine in August this year, the characteristics of NMD 1 were described very strictly. Analysis 3: It will never be a large-scale infection like the flu. Since there is no absolutely effective drug, can NMD 1 be a large-scale infection? For this question, Xiao Yonghong said absolutely not. He analyzed that NMD 1 itself is not contagious, and it uses other bacteria as carriers to strengthen the drug resistance of these bacteria. For example, Escherichia coli carrying NMD 1 shows super drug resistance, and its spread also needs the help of Escherichia coli. "At present, it only appears in certain groups such as hospital inpatients and people with particularly low resistance, and it will not spread on a large scale like influenza virus, so the possibility of similar influenza outbreaks is zero." Xiao Yonghong said. Analysis 4: I am extremely worried that the vector will become highly pathogenic bacteria. Since there will be no large-scale infection, why are all countries facing NMD 1? Xiao Yonghong explained that NMD 1 has caused great pressure on public health. "First of all, we need to find appropriate and effective diagnosis and treatment methods for infected cases. If the mortality rate of these cases is high, the pressure on the public health system can be imagined. " More importantly, he said, the research and development of related drugs is under great pressure. "At present, it is found that the carrier of NMD 1 is relatively few pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli. If the vector becomes more pathogenic bacteria, such as cholera and typhoid fever, it will be more harmful, which is the biggest concern of the public health system. "
1920, Streptococcus is the main pathogen of nosocomial infection. 1960 produced methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which replaced streptococcus as the main strain of nosocomial infection. Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae also appeared. 1990 found vancomycin-resistant enterococci and streptomycin-resistant "Streptococcus carnivorus". In 2000, Pseudomonas aeruginosa appeared, and the resistance rate to 8 antibiotics such as ampicillin, amoxicillin and celibacy reached 100%. The resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to advanced antibiotics such as Celine and Fudaxin 16 was as high as 52%- 100%. In 20 10, researchers found that several bacteria carrying a special gene had super drug resistance, and the gene that could make bacteria obtain super drug resistance was named NDM- 1. In June 5438+10, a large-scale outbreak of KPC superbacteria occurred in Brazil, resulting in the death of many infected people.
Edit the history of antibiotics in this section.
1877, Pasteur and Joubert first realized that microbial products might be therapeutic drugs, and they published the experimental observation that ordinary microorganisms could inhibit the growth of Bacillus anthracis in urine. antibiotic
Sir Fleming discovered Penicillium which can kill deadly bacteria. Penicillin cured syphilis and gonorrhea without any obvious side effects at that time. From 65438 to 0936, the clinical application of sulfanilamide initiated a new era of modern antibacterial chemotherapy. Streptomycin, the second antibiotic, 1944 was isolated from the University of New Jersey, which effectively cured another terrible infectious disease: tuberculosis. Chloramphenicol appeared in 1947, and it was mainly used to treat mild infections for dysentery and anthrax. Tetracycline appears in 1948, which is the earliest "broad-spectrum" antibiotic. At that time, it seemed that it could be used effectively without diagnosis. Nowadays, tetracycline is basically only used in livestock breeding. 1956 Lilly invented vancomycin, which is called the last weapon of antibiotics. Because of the triple sterilization mechanism on cell wall, cell membrane and RNA of G+ bacteria, it is not easy to induce drug resistance of bacteria. Quinolones appeared in1980s. Unlike other antibacterial drugs, they destroy bacterial chromosomes and are not affected by gene exchange resistance. In 1992, a variant of this drug was banned in the United States because it caused liver and kidney dysfunction, but it is still used in developing countries.
Edit this paragraph. prime culprit
The number of cases of infection in Brazil increased sharply, resulting in 15 deaths. In the 1940s, penicillin was widely used as an antibiotic. Since then, bacteria began to develop resistance to antibiotics, which forced medical researchers to develop many new antibiotics. However, the abuse and misuse of antibiotics have also led to many "super infections" that cannot be treated with drugs, such as drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. Medical researchers pointed out that in China, Indian and Pakistani countries, antibiotics are usually easily available without prescription, which leads to the abuse and misuse of antibiotics by ordinary people to some extent. Local doctors have to use more effective antibiotics when treating patients, which once again leads to stronger drug resistance of bacteria.
Edit the reply method of this paragraph.
There have been fatal cases.
The researchers found that in 2009, the number of NDM- 1 infected cases in Britain increased, including some fatal cases. David Livermore, an expert from the British Health Protection Agency who participated in the study, said that most cases of NDM- 1 infection were related to people who had been to Indian and other South Asian countries or received treatment locally. Of the 37 patients studied by British researchers, at least 17 have been to India or Pakistan in the past 1 year, and at least 14 of them have received treatment in these two countries, including kidney transplantation, bone marrow transplantation, dialysis, delivery, burn treatment or cosmetic surgery. However, there are also 10 cases of infection in Britain, which occurred in patients who have not received any overseas treatment at all. At present, it is found that the infection of Escherichia coli carrying NDM- 1 will lead to urinary tract infection and blood poisoning in many patients. Some infected people are in remission, but others are more serious. Among the found cases of NDM- 1 bacterial infection, at least one case has developed resistance to all known antibiotics. Experts from the Ministry of Health discuss "superbugs": No infection cases have been found in China yesterday (18), a seminar on "superbugs" was held in the Ministry of Health. An expert attending the meeting told this newspaper that "super bacteria" is an infection, not an infectious disease, and the public need not panic. No cases of superbug infection have been found in Chinese mainland. Yesterday's seminar was attended by officials and more than 20 experts, and a basic agreement has been reached on "superbugs". After a simple revision, it will be officially reported to the Ministry of Health.
Non-communicable diseases
On August 1 1, a medical college published a paper saying that researchers had discovered a "superbug" which could resist almost all antibiotics. At present, this "superbug" has been introduced into Britain from South Asia and may spread to the whole world. After SARS and H 1N 1, many reports said that the public began to worry about whether there was another infectious disease with no cure for the time being. In this regard, yesterday, Xu, director of the Infectious Diseases Department of peking university health science center, who just attended the seminar, said, "Superbacteria are different from H 1N 1 and SARS, not infectious diseases but infections." Xu said that infection and infectious diseases are completely different concepts. For example, if the body's resistance drops, it may be infected, but it will not spread among ordinary people. You need not panic. Xu also served as the deputy head of the clinical expert group of the Ministry of Health and a member of the working group of clinical experts on SARS and human avian influenza. He said that at present, no cases of "superbug" infection have been found in Chinese mainland. He did not directly answer when "superbugs" will appear in the Mainland, only stressed that "superbugs" are not infectious diseases, but an infection, and the public need not panic.
It's not hopeless.
Yesterday, Ceng Guang, chief epidemiologist of China CDC, confirmed to this newspaper that in China, some people were infected with "superbugs", but they were all cured. The People's Daily reported that the Hong Kong Department of Health recently announced that as early as 2009, a new type of "superbug" NDM- 1 was found in the urine sample of a male patient in Hong Kong. According to media reports, the Hong Kong case has been cured and discharged. After comprehensive treatment, two infected people in Sweden have also been cured and discharged. Infection with "superbugs" is not incurable. Xu also believes that the name "superbug" is inaccurate and easily misunderstood, and it is more accurate to call it "multidrug-resistant bacteria" or "Enterobacter is a multidrug-resistant bacteria". For the emergence of "super bacteria", experts attending the meeting generally believe that it is the abuse of antibiotics. The management of antibiotics should be strengthened in the future. "Doctors are responsible for the abuse of antibiotics, but sometimes patients themselves are willing to use antibiotics." He reminded the public that antibiotics should be used in a standardized way and not abused. "
Edit the news related to this paragraph
The British government issued a warning.
Similar NDM- 1 infections also occurred in the United States, Canada, Australia and the Netherlands. Although only about 50 cases have been found in Britain so far, scientists are worried that it will continue to spread. Walsh said that it is still uncertain how far NDM- 1 has spread in Britain. The British Ministry of Health has issued a warning on this. "Due to frequent international air travel, globalization and the rise of medical tourism in South Asian countries, NDM- 1 now has the opportunity to spread rapidly to any corner of the world." Walsh warned. [6] There have been at least 50 cases in Britain, and 5 people died after infection. [7] Three cases of superbacteria were detected in China, of which 1 person died of lung cancer. According to the report of China Voice "Chaoguang News", China Voice has just received the news that the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention has just reported three cases of ultra-drug resistant pathogens today (26th). For details, please contact Meng Zhe, an intern of CCTV reporter immediately. Anchor: Please tell us the details of the announcement. Reporter: After it was reported internationally that bacteria carrying DNM- 1 drug resistance gene were found, the Ministry of Health immediately organized relevant disease prevention and control and clinical institutions to carry out investigation and detection of drug-resistant bacteria. Recently, the laboratory of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention and China Academy of Military Medical Sciences are testing the DNM- 1 drug resistance genes of the previously collected strains. * * * Three strains of DNM- 1 positive bacteria were detected. Among them, two strains of bacteria detected in the laboratory of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention were Enterococcus faecalis, which were sent for inspection by Ningxia Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention. These strains were isolated from two samples of neonatal feces in a hospital in this area. Another strain was identified as Acinetobacter baumannii by the laboratory of China Academy of Military Medical Sciences, and sent to a hospital in Fujian Province for inspection. The strain was isolated from the specimen of an elderly hospitalized patient. Two infants in Ningxia were born in a county hospital in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region on March 8th and March 1 1 respectively, all of which were low birth weight infants. Both children developed symptoms of diarrhea and respiratory infection 2-3 days after birth. One of them was accompanied by hypoxia and was immediately transferred from the obstetric ward to the pediatric ward for treatment. Hospitalized for 9 days, 14 days, discharged. After follow-up, the two children are in good health. An 83-year-old patient with DNM- 1 drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Fujian Province. The main cause of death of this patient is terminal lung cancer. The role of Acinetobacter baumannii infection in the development of this patient's course of disease is still unclear. Zhongxin.com 2010 August 13. According to Hong Kong Sing Tao Daily, NDM- 1 is a superbug, which recently killed at least five people in Britain and invaded North America. It is resistant to most antibiotics and cannot be cured after infection. Hong Kong Department of Health 12 announced on the evening that the first case of NDM- 1 infection occurred in Hong Kong as early as last year 10. When a 66-year-old Indian man visited the general outpatient department of the Hospital Authority last year, his urine sample was found to contain NDM- 1 Escherichia coli. The department pointed out that it attaches great importance to relevant reports in Britain and will follow up with WHO, British and American health authorities, as well as contact with hospital laboratories to make arrangements for strengthening the monitoring of NDM- 1. Abuse of antibiotics breeds superbugs.
Western medical experts recently published an article in Needle, saying that bacteria containing New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1 (NDM- 1 for short) have multiple drug resistance and are resistant to almost all antibiotics. There have been at least 50 cases in Britain, and 5 people died after infection; There are at least three cases in the United States; Canada recorded a case in February this year. Most of these patients went to India for surgical treatment or plastic surgery. India has recorded more than 100 cases, and Pakistan and Bangladesh have also experienced infection cases. The first case in Hong Kong was a 66-year-old Indian man. It is reported that he has traveled abroad. The test results of public health laboratory service showed that his urine sample contained Escherichia coli NDM- 1, but the strain was sensitive to oral antibiotics commonly used to treat urinary tract infections, and the patient was cured. According to the Center for Health Protection, NDM- 1 is an enzyme that can make some kinds of antibiotics ineffective, such as hydrocarbons and caprolactam antibiotics, thus causing widespread drug resistance of bacteria containing this enzyme. Last night, the Department of Health did not supplement other clinical data on whether the elderly had been to South Asia for surgery or tourism. China Broadcasting Network, Beijing, September 8 (Xinhua) According to the Voice of China News Night, Imperial University Hospital of Japan announced new statistical results, and the number of infected people increased from the initial 46 to 53, of which 4 people have died. The hospital admitted that "the death may be caused by infected bacteria." Beijing, Sept. 6 (Xinhua)-According to the Japan News Network, the Japanese government issued an urgent message on the 6th that the source of the superbug that caused the death of nine patients in the Affiliated Hospital of Dikyo University has been identified, and it was brought to Japan by a Japanese man from India. According to reports, Japan's Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare announced that Japan's National Institute of Infectious Diseases had detected the bacteria from dead patients. This superbug is a kind of bacteria with "NDM- 1" genetic factor, which appeared in India two years ago and was introduced to Europe and America. This is the first time in Japan. The news said that this pathogen was first detected from a man in Japan. The middle-aged man in his fifties came back from a business trip in India last May, and then fell ill and was admitted to the affiliated hospital of Dijing University. After a period of treatment, he was discharged from hospital. However, the hospital kept the pathogen detected from him. Last August, the first infected person appeared in this hospital. As of September this year 1 day, the number of infected people has risen to 46, of which 27 died. Among the deceased, 9 deaths were confirmed to be related to infection. At present, there are still 9 infected people receiving treatment in specialized wards. More than 70% of the infected people are over 60 years old. According to the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, there is no specific drug that can defeat this superbug.
Superbacteria and Clinical Plastic Surgery
Recently, "superbugs" in South Asia began to spread around the world, causing many people to be infected and die. It first appeared in countries such as India and Pakistan. Later, many tourists from Britain and the United States went to these South Asian countries for low-cost plastic surgery, and they were keen on plastic surgery through clinical surgery, which accelerated the spread of "super bacteria". According to the report of the British Health Protection Agency, so far, this kind of bacteria is spread by patients undergoing hospital surgery, and there is a lack of safe and hygienic low-cost surgery. Too many beauty lovers choose to achieve plastic surgery through clinical surgery, which makes them susceptible to this "super bacteria" resistant to almost all antibiotics. There is no foolproof way to kill them. At present, only two drugs are effective against this "superbug", one of which is a 50-year-old drug, but it has serious damage to the kidney. Once the bacteria continue to spread, the efficacy of these two drugs will rapidly weaken.
Opinions of domestic experts, take your time.