At the end of 2009, Suzhou had 15 performing arts groups, 12 cultural centers, 27 museums and 12 public **** libraries in the city. The city has accumulated 6 items on the United Nations Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, 24 items on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage at the national level, and 28 people on the Representative Inheritors of Intangible Cultural Heritage at the national level. The Pingjiang and Shantang Historic Districts were named China's Famous Historic and Cultural Street and China's Most Popular Tourist Historic and Cultural Street respectively. Suzhou dialect, a kind of Wu language, is the standardized language of Wu, one of the seven major dialects of the Chinese language, and belongs to the Chinese-Wu language-Wu language Taihu Lake piece. It has long been one of the major representative dialects of the Wu language.
Suzhou dialect is known for its elegance, from which the so-called "Wunong" is derived. Whether a dialect sounds good or not depends mainly on its tone, speed, rhythm, pronunciation and vocabulary. Wu is one of the earliest dialects in the Chinese language family. The ancient Wu language merged with the ancient Central Plains language to form the modern Wu language, so Wu has preserved a lot of ancient sounds. One of the main features of Wu is that it retains all the turbulent consonants and all the incoming tones, so it has eight tones (flat, up, in, and out, each divided into yin and yang), which are the most orthodox level and oblique tones. The tone of the Suzhou dialect is calm and moderate, and the speed of speech is moderate and staccato, making the pronunciation of the Suzhou dialect a bit of a whisper.
The Wu language has a history of 3,200 years, and the Wu-speaking region has been an economic and cultural center for 1,000 years. With Ping going up and in (with Ping and Oblique rhymes), Qing and Fuzzy oppositions, the differentiation of Tsim Tuan (pointed tuan sound), and the survival of ancient words, the Wu language retains many elements of orthodox Chinese, and Suzhou dialect is the core of the Wu language. There are five major religions in Suzhou: Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Catholicism and Christianity.
The main religious sites are: Taoist palaces and temples, such as Xuanmiao Temple (located in Guanqian Street), Jade Palace (Park), Chenghuang Temple (located in Jingde Road), and Zhenguan Temple on the Dome of the Mountain; Buddhist temples, such as Xiyuan Temple, Canshan Temple, Beita Bianen Temple (located in Renmin Road), Wenshan Temple, Lingyan Temple (in the town of Mudu), Baoshan Temple (in the island of Xishan in the Wuzhong District), Chongyuan Temple in the park, Laifeng Temple, Xingfusi Temple in Changshu's Yushan, Yongqing Temple in Fenghuang Mountain, Xianggang Temple, and Yongqing Temple in Xiangshan Mountain, and Yongqing Temple in Xiangshan Mountain. Fenghuang Mountain Yongqing Temple, Xiangshan Temple, Double Apricot Temple, Wujiang Pingwang Town, small Jiuhua Temple, Kunshan Haizang Temple and other temples; other religions are St. John's Church, the Apostolic Church, Yangjiaqiao Catholic Church, Shilu Taipingfang Mosque and so on. Every year on the sixth day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar, Suzhou has the custom of tanning books. This day will be the books of pictures in the sun in the court, to prevent insect corrosion, the effect is particularly great. Temples and monasteries will be hidden scriptures out of the sun, monks took the opportunity to call the countryside old women to open the "scripture will be", by them in the hot sun exposure to the scriptures, claiming that "turn the scriptures ten times, the next life can be turned into a male body". There is also a folk proverb: "June 6, dog rot bath." (Suzhou dialect will be bathing called rot bath) is the day of the dog, cat led to the river bath, can avoid lice and fleas.
The seventh day of the seventh month of the lunar calendar every year is the Begging Seven Festival, also known as the Daughter's Day. Folk legend has it that on this night, magpies fly in groups to the Milky Way, built into a magpie bridge, so that the Cowherd and the Weaving Maiden in the Milky Way magpie bridge to meet. Folk custom, in the night of Tanabata ancestor of the Weaving Maiden, and to her begging for wisdom and skill, called "begging for skill". Tanabata this day, every family with flour and sugar mixed and firm, cut into 2 inches long strip, twisted into the shape of a mango knot, after frying, crunchy and sweet, the name of the day coquettish fruits, is begging for coincidental festival necessary offerings. Wudi also use tea cups to hold mandarin ducks water (wells, river two water mixture), placed in the courtyard to take the dew and stirring, to be sunrise and let it shine in the sun, to be the surface of the film, the girls will be a small needle into the needle floating on the water surface, depending on the bottom of the water needle shadow, if into the clouds and dragons flower and grass-like, for "to get the coquettish," as vertebrae like a pestle and mortar for the "poor signs. The "poor sign". There are still threaded through the needle holes to distinguish between good and bad eyesight and other customs. Suzhou, with a history of more than 2,500 years, is undoubtedly the main body of Wu culture. The history of painting in Wuzhi has a long history. From 5,000 to 6,000 years of Liangzhu culture, jade, things carved and depicted on the decorative patterns, to the Ming Dynasty, named after the "Wumen School of Painting", all exudes the glory of art.
Wu painting in the Wei, Jin and North and South Dynasties period of the Southern Dynasties has made great achievements, appeared Gu Kaizhi, Lu Tanwei, Zhang Shengqiao, Cao Buxing and other calligraphy and painting masters, this period of Wu painting in the history of Chinese painting issued a dazzling light. The most prominent painters in the Tang Dynasty were Zhang Jingxuan, Zhu Jingxuan, and Zhu Jian, all of whom worked with jades of jades hanging from a tassel of pearls. During the two Song dynasties, the achievements of flower and bird painters around Suzhou were more remarkable, and landscape painting also reached new heights. In the Yuan Dynasty, Suzhou painters responded to Zhao Mengfu's idea of "literati painting" and used writing brushes to paint landscapes, birds and flowers, and people to express their emotions. At this time, Huang Gongwang "learned from the outside, and gained the source of his heart", which had a profound influence on later generations. His masterpiece, Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains, is a rare masterpiece in the history of world art. Due to the development of literati painting, flower and bird painting in the Yuan Dynasty also began to develop in the direction of ink and wash.
Suzhou painting in the Ming Dynasty formed a painting art style combining cultural cultivation and elegant life, emphasizing the elements of character, learning, talent and thought, and most of the works were impromptu and lyrical, advocating freshness and elegance and tending to a bland and na?ve art style. These almost professional literati painters and actively promote the spread of literati painting style, to the Zhengde, Jiajing period, due to Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming, Tang Yin, Qiu Ying's efforts, and ultimately formed a wide range of influences of the "Wu School of Painting", became the mainstream of the Ming Dynasty painting form. In the late Ming Dynasty, the painters of the Wu School emphasized the inheritance of the ancient tradition of ink and brushwork, and made the pursuit of style an important purpose of art. Moreover, because of their profound cultural cultivation, they had their own aesthetic pursuits and thus were also highly creative. During this period, a number of excellent painters emerged who studied nature and emphasized sketching, and Zhang Hong was one of the best. The exquisite brush and ink techniques of the Ming Suzhou painters and the idea of drawing from nature had a profound influence on the later generations of painters. The Wu Men School of Painting has led the painting world for 600 years without interruption and has produced many talented artists. Suzhou is the home of Kun Opera and Su Opera.
Kun Opera is China's first world intangible cultural heritage, rose in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasty in Suzhou, Kunshan, Taicang area, since the Ming dynasty, Longqing, Wanli turn, to the Qing dynasty, Kangxi, Jiaqing years, the Kun Opera as a result of the innovation and rapid prosperity of the towns and villages of Suzhou at the time, the people were obsessed with the Kun Opera to the point of drunkenness, the organization of amateur clubs, held a singing activities, the annual Huqiu Qu Hui, and so far "the city is full of people, and the people are not happy. The annual Huqiu Opera Festival, which was attended by thousands of singers, was a popular event in Suzhou. In the heyday of the Kun Opera, with Suzhou as the center, its circulation range almost all over the country's major cities, dominating the play of silica for more than two hundred years. The prosperity of Kun Opera has produced a large number of excellent actors and a group of famous writers, who have left a large number of famous legendary plays for the future generations. For example, the Kun Opera "Peony Pavilion" and "Dou E Grievance", of which "Peony Pavilion" was re-produced by the famous writer Bai Xianyong in April 2004, and artists from three places on both sides of the Taiwan Straits joined hands to create a "youthful version" of the Kun Opera "Peony Pavilion", which has toured more than one hundred performances around the world, with every performance filled to capacity, and has landed in the Golden Hall of Vienna, Austria.
Suzhou Opera includes "Drunken Return" and "Dou Gong Sends His Son", Peking Opera "Li Huiniang", and burlesque "Satisfied, Not Satisfied", etc. Suzhou is the center of food culture in the east of China. Suzhou is the center of food culture in the east, and is the birthplace of one of the three major food cultures (Peking, Suzhou, and Cantonese) - the Suzhou-style food culture.
Suzhou snacks are one of the four major snacks in China (Nanjing Fuzimiao snacks, Shanghai Chenghuangmiao snacks, Suzhou Xuanmiao Guan snacks and Hunan Changsha Hot Palace snacks are also known as the four major snacks in China). Songhelou" is a long-established Soviet-style restaurant; "Old Suzhou Tea and Wine House" is famous for its traditional Soviet cuisine; "Zhu Hongxing Noodle House" and "Green Yang Hundun" are inexpensive and good-quality restaurants. The "Zhu Hongxing Noodle House" and "Green Yang Wontons" are inexpensive and suitable for mass consumption. Noodle stores all over Suzhou show that the many varieties of toppings and soup-based noodles are popular snacks. Food Streets: Eunuch's Lane, Shiquan Street, Bachelor's Street, Ligongdi, Phoenix Street, etc. Bifengfang and Ligongdi are famous Chinese food and beverage culture streets. Suzhou-style signature dishes: squirrel guifu, ringing oil eel paste, crabmeat hooves, clear shrimp, blanch bad, mother of oil whole chicken, Taihu Lake Brunswick soup, snowflake crab bucket, cherry meat, sauce meat, lavender fish, (fish) lung soup, three pieces of sub, dense juice fire square, warm pot, date mud la cake and so on. Suzhou-style candies: light sugar pine nuts, dumpling candy, pouring slices, three-color pine nuts soft candy, crispy pine nuts candy, pine nuts and southern dates candy. Suzhou-style candied fruit: the history of Suzhou's candied fruit production can be traced back to the era of the Three Kingdoms, and the Qing Dynasty was the heyday of Suzhou-style candied fruit, of which "Zhangxiangfeng" is the most famous, and has always been the "court food". There are more than 160 kinds of candied fruits in Suzhou style, with golden jujubes, creamy plums, golden kumquats, white sugar plums, and nine kinds of Chenpi being the most famous ones. Soviet-style snacks fried steamed buns oil blanching tight leavening half tight leavening small cage half tight leavening crabmeat small cage steamed buns crepe soup dumplings crabmeat soup dumplings mushrooms and greens steamed buns fresh meat buns fresh meat buns bean paste steamed buns blossom steamed buns lotus steamed buns pink buns Autumn Leaf Buns veggie siu mai phoenix-tailed siu mai crabmeat siu mai shrimp siu mai goldfish siu mai steamed dumplings steamed dumplings steamed dumplings steamed meat dumplings steamed dumplings four joys vegetables dumplings butterfly dumplings Peacock dumplings chicken triangular dumplings dumplings dumplings Shen Yongxing steamed buns sweet potato with cinnamon sugar Sweet taro with cinnamon sugar warmed up the carrots Crispy Bean Sugar Porridge Chicken Head Pork with Cinnamon Flower Chinatrust Chicken Head Pork Warmed Lotus Root with Cinnamon Flower Fresh Meat Brown Brown in Gray Soup White Sands Brown with White Sands Green Bean Brown Sandwich Brown with Lard Triangle Brown with Small Feet Brown with Pen Palm Jujube Mud Minced Pork Cake Dried Tofu in Honey Sauce Shrimp with Soy Sauce Shark Fin in Clear Soup Chicken with Mother's Oil Brunswick Soup with Emerald Shrimp Ducks Squirrel Gui Fish Tourism Festivals Suzhou International Tourism Festival, China (April-May) -25) Customs Festival Xuanmiao Guan welcomes the God of Wealth (early February, the fifth day of the first month of the lunar calendar)
Luzhi Water Town Costume and Culture Festival (April) Flower and Tree Festival Xishan Taihu Plum Blossom Festival (March 1-10)
Huqiu Flower Festival (March-May)
Humble Administrator's Garden Azalea Festival (March-June)
Humble Administrator's Garden Lotus Festival (July-August)
Suzhou Tianping Red Maple Festival (one of China's top three maple sites, November) Temple Festivals Nanhao Street Divine Immortals' Temple Festival (May) Huchu Temple Festival (September-October)
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