Pasta is usually made with eggs added to the flour, and they are usually eggs with very dark yolks, which makes them very yellow in color.

Then the ones you get in the supermarket are usually dehydrated, dry, and have to be cooked for a long time (10 minutes or so)

Then Pasta is a generic term for pasta, with specific names depending on the shape of the pasta, such as fussili for spirals, spaghetti for thin pasta noodles, and so on

Noodles generally refer to Chinese-style noodles made directly from flour, which are all long strips.